Definition of medium in English:

medium

nounPlural media, Plural mediums ˈmiːdɪəmˈmidiəm

1An agency or means of doing something.
媒介；途径，方法，手段
using the latest technology as a medium for job creation
把最新技术作为创造就业机会的手段。
their primitive valuables acted as a medium of exchange
他们的原始贵重物充当交换媒介。
Example sentencesExamples
- He then shifts to the use of gold in Greece, Rome, and Byzantium, initially as adornment but later as a medium of exchange.
- To use TV as a medium of education will yield rich dividends.
- As we built it, the library became a medium for us to design our own structure of how subjects and ideas flow.
- A common answer is ‘anything that can be used as a medium of exchange’.
- No asset since gold in the 19th century enjoys such broad acceptance as both a medium of exchange and a store of value as the dollar.
- The idea of using newspapers as a medium of education goes back to the 18th century.
- The internet ‘should be a medium for unbridled self-expression’, not an amplifier of fears.
- Later, increasing numbers of literati acknowledged the folding fan as a medium for showing off their expertise in writing and painting.
- It was a medium for collaboration and interaction between individuals without regard of geographic location, she said.
- Chatrooms have always been popular on the internet as they provide a medium for people with similar interests to meet and discuss their opinions.
- Which means, theatre is not just a medium for entertainment, but a reaction to the intense and complex realities around us.
- The company began as a medium for senior dancers to perform.
- Accordingly, money is brought forth into society to be used as a medium of exchange to facilitate the trade of goods of all kinds.
- Given a medium of exchange, people can trade even if their wants and needs don't directly coincide.
- Mostly, it was a medium for the well-off to talk among themselves.
- We could get more things done, since television would not be a medium of entertainment but rather of information alone.
- The meetings provide a medium for local councillors to raise the issues of their electorate on a more intimate basis with Council officials.
- We are simply providing a medium for people to tell us their experiences in confidence and presenting them to the public who can then make up their own minds.
- Others do not, saying that they are not bookmakers, but a medium for bets between consenting adults.
Synonyms
means of communication, means of expression, mode of expression, means, method, way, form, agency, channel, forum
1. 1.1 A means by which something is communicated or expressed.
  （传播或表达的）手段，方法
  here the Welsh language is the medium of instruction
  在这里，威尔士语是教学用语。
  Example sentencesExamples
  The Internet has become a global medium for instant communication and quick access to information.
  Blogging is the medium that lets us communicate with like-minded people.
  It seems mobile phone is the medium of choice for communication for modern Japanese.
  English is the official language and the main medium of instruction from preschool to tertiary levels of education.
  Since music is a mysterious international language, it can be the medium of communication in its special way with patients.
  Secondly, the Commission recommends Mother Tongue as the medium of instruction for elementary education.
  Thai is the national language and the medium for education and mass communication.
  I shall use the same medium of communication as I believe that the information I give will reach the wider public.
  English is the administrative language and the medium of instruction in schools.
  It is a powerful communicative medium; a language which uses the mind and body to relate varied experiences.
  The problem, though, is not with the words, but with the medium of communication, with situation and circumstance.
  It provides education for children using the Maori language as the medium of instruction.
  In Malaysia, on the other hand, Malay is the national and the official language and the main medium of instruction.
  Languages were flawless and they were just mediums of interaction and communication, he added.
  Simply put, mobile communications is the new medium for the future.
  Our newest medium of camp marketing communications probably sports the most flagrant offenses.
  The mediums of communications have themselves changed.
  Today, it seems that through the various medium of communications every heartbeat is shared by the world.
  True communication can only occur between people with equal access to the medium in which the communication is taking place.
  Blogs are just a new medium for communication and the three rules apply.
  Synonyms
  means of communication, means of expression, mode of expression, means, method, way, form, agency, channel, forum
2The intervening substance through which sensory impressions are conveyed or physical forces are transmitted.
媒质，媒介物；传导体
radio communication needs no physical medium between the two stations
在这两个站点间进行无线电通讯无需任何有形介质。
Example sentencesExamples
- Second, the gene provides the physical medium for sharing genetic information from generation to generation.
- Moving in a fluid is complicated by the fact that forces applied to the medium cause it to move.
- There was no medium or physical means to push and pull the planets and other objects around.
- Air, the lubricating medium, is forced into a reservoir surrounding the bearing.
1. 2.1 The substance in which an organism lives or is cultured.
  培养基
  these cells are grown in a nutrient-rich medium
  Example sentencesExamples
  Cells were separated from the culture medium by centrifugation at 100 g for 1 min at 4°C.
  The objective of this study was to develop a suitable medium to improve in vitro pollen germination in pigeonpea.
  The basal cut surface was left in the nutrient medium.
  Serial dilutions of the test solutions with culture medium were prepared before in vitro assay.
  Blood is a great medium for the bacteria that causes gonorrhea.
  In doing so, this mucus becomes a culture medium for further bacterial growth, aggravating the state of recurrent infections.
  Eggs were collected during 8 h periods in cultured bottles containing standard medium.
  The culture medium was changed after 24 h and from then on three times a day.
  This would also increase the sloughing off of cell wall surface polymers in the culture medium.
  Pollen was sprinkled on the media by gently tapping a set of three flowers directly above the surface of the medium in each Petri dish.
  Typically, by the end of batch culture nutrients in the medium would be considerably depleted.
  This occurs when colonic bacteria accumulate above the obstructing lesion and flourish in a nutrient medium.
  In plant cell culture, the addition of exogenous sugar to the culture medium is an absolute necessity for nearly all tissues.
  Organic matter plays an important complementary role, especially on very sandy soils where it is practically the only medium for nutrient and water storage.
  The culture medium covering the cells was purged with pure nitrogen gas for 4 h.
  Uptake activity depends on the growth phase of the cultured cells whereas the culture medium had no effect on uptake.
  Addition of Chinese medicines into the culture medium will significantly affect bone cell metabolism.
  The culture medium in the glass containers was exchanged every 2 days.
  The world ocean is what laboratory scientists would call a culture medium, the largest petri dish known to mankind.
  Alkaloid levels were determined both in the roots and in the culture medium after a culturing period of 28 d.
  Synonyms
  habitat, element, environment, surroundings, milieu, setting, conditions, circumstances, ambience, atmosphere
2. 2.2 A liquid (e.g. oil or water) with which pigments are mixed, with a binder, to make paint.
  （颜料）溶剂（如油或水）
  Example sentencesExamples
  When a pigment has a high scattering power in relation to the medium, the paint will be dense and opaque in appearance.
  We carry a large range of dry pigments, oils and mediums.
  Synonyms
  habitat, element, environment, surroundings, milieu, setting, conditions, circumstances, ambience, atmosphere
3A particular form of storage material for computer files, such as magnetic tape or discs.
（计算机文件）存储媒介
Example sentencesExamples
- Things are looking up for DVD-RAM as a general-purpose storage medium.
- As a long-term storage medium for check images, tape significantly exceeds any realistic requirements.
- If you can justify the price and are looking for some portable storage medium then this is something you should take a look at.
- A signal from a storage medium is processed in a data channel to form digital data.
- Disk has lagged behind tape as a long-term storage medium because of cost.
- This would let users treat the drive as a floppy drive or hard drive, making it an easier to use storage medium.
- Tape is the most effective storage medium on a price basis for large amounts of data.
- This means shifting data between storage mediums in an effort to provide the ideal levels of access, protection, and recovery at the lowest possible total cost.
- Using the whole volume of a storage medium, instead of just the surface, allows us to encode much more information in a small space.
- Tape is the overwhelming computer medium of choice for archiving.
- The encrypted object is written as an ordinary file on the medium.
- What's the next most common storage medium shared amongst many computers?
- Their capacity and low price mean that CD-Rs should be your starting point when considering a storage medium.
- Review DVD is currently hyped as the storage medium of the future.
- They largely replaced disk drives as a transportable storage medium.
- In most cases, magnetic disk storage will be the medium of choice for several key reasons.
- Wired Magazine is now suggesting that discs are dead as a storage medium.
- Despite the drawbacks stated above, tape is still a widely accepted storage medium.
- This film has been used for over 12 years as an archival optical storage medium.
- Copy files to and from the device as you would with any other storage medium.
4The material or form used by an artist, composer, or writer.
（艺术创作）材料，素材；（艺术）表现方式
oil paint is the most popular medium for glazing
油性涂料是上光时用得最多的材料。
Example sentencesExamples
- It showcased a variety of artistic mediums ranging from large finished canvases to sketch books.
- As an artistic medium, film can have a myriad of purposes.
- The other pieces were in ceramic, the medium for which the artist is best known.
- Energized by necessity as well as by curiosity and competence in many mediums, the versatile artist was awesomely productive.
- More than 60 artists in different mediums display their artistic experiments with unfamiliar material.
- In fact, the completed windows do possess a freshness that is striking to find in the medium of monumental stained glass.
- Prevalent artistic mediums of that period - the mural and the poster - reflected the political character of the times.
- O'Connell sells contemporary glass sculpture, a popular medium for homes full of sun on the water.
- What sets him apart from the very large number of contemporary artists working in the medium is his exhilarating use of colour.
- I cannot discuss all the new artistic mediums here - and if I did, my discussion would be obsolete before this book is published.
- The artist chooses mediums like oil, calligraphy and glass to display her talents.
- My favorite medium is artistic photography because it is real and has that peacefulness and beauty in it.
- She worked in a variety of mediums, including artist's books, painting, printmaking, sculpture, installation and dance.
- As an artistic medium, film is easily the most accessible art form, yet the least discussed beyond its immediate spectacle.
- The arch soon became a focal point of Washington Square and a subject for artists working in all mediums.
- Krause is an artist who continues to push himself into new mediums and new subject matter.
- Concrete is one of the artist's favorite mediums.
- Shakespeare's work has been produced since the Renaissance in all artistic mediums from the original theater to opera, symphony, film, and ballet.
- And woodblocks have remained the dominant medium for Japanese print artists until our days.
- These are young professionals who are exploring the artistic medium of film.
5A person claiming to be in contact with the spirits of the dead and to communicate between the dead and the living.
灵媒，巫师，招魂者
Example sentencesExamples
- This man did not claim to be a medium but, nonetheless, believed he had talked many times with the spirit of Doyle.
- Such beliefs are not confined to rural areas; in the cities there is a network of spirit mediums who claim to contact the dead.
- As a spiritual medium, telephone readings are available at a very affordable price.
- He claims he is a medium for holy spirits who talk to him in their dreams.
- Did the medium really tell you that your dead father's name was William?
- I do not let spirits enter my body and speak through me, though some psychics and mediums work this way.
- He asserts that this work supports the mediums ' claims that they are actually communicating with the dead.
- Just a few days ago, I sat down with a woman who is a medium, and we got to talking about spirits and ghosts.
- During the winter of 1978, the owner was contacted by a professional medium.
- After making an international name for himself, he spent several years exposing phony spiritualists and mediums.
- If an authentic medium detects a spirit that is present, they will try and convince it to move on.
- Nigel's devastated parents made a number of attempts to contact their son through mediums and the spiritualist church.
- Soon, half the audience is crying, convinced the medium has made contact.
- Clients of mediums who claim to get messages from the dead are very highly motivated clients.
- Spiritualist mediums are predominantly women who hold divinations and seances in their homes; many have become successful and even wealthy.
- A male medium contacted the owner in 1985 and disclosed that the dead Hessian soldier had visited him in a dream.
- Most people who go to a medium or a spiritualist church have lost someone and want to find out that this person is okay.
- Today's most successful mediums, however, simply claim the dead communicate through them.
- This work, by Professor Richard Wiseman, involved asking five mediums to contact the dead relatives of five volunteers.
- Other religious practitioners include spirit mediums and shamans, most of whom are women.
Synonyms
spiritualist, clairvoyant, mind reader, fortune teller, seer, necromancer
rare spiritist
6The middle quality or state between two extremes; a reasonable balance.
（品质、状态）中等；中间；中庸
there is a medium between being modest and boastful
Synonyms
middle way, middle course, middle ground, middle, mean, median, mid point, central point, centre, average, norm, standard
compromise, balance, happy medium, golden mean

adjective ˈmiːdɪəmˈmidiəm

About halfway between two extremes of size or another quality; average.
中等的；中号的；适中的
John is six feet tall, of medium build
约翰六英尺高，身材中等。
plan for the medium term
medium-length hair
不长不短的头发。
Example sentencesExamples
- She looked to be in her mid-thirties and had medium length brown hair.
- Her medium length brown hair was loose and hung over her back.
- In addition about 90% of the quota was taken up by producers in the small to medium size categories.
- My medium length black hair was left out in bouncy curls today.
- She has fair medium length straight hair and blue eyes.
- There is a certain amount of research that has no clear medium term pay off that is funded by governments.
- The first man was white, in his late teens, 5ft 10 in tall, of medium build, with fair short hair.
- They are about the size of a medium collie dog, but their tail is round and bushy and is carried straight out below the level of their back.
- This product is suitable for most small to medium size businesses that require full stock control and sales and purchase order processing.
- She had a slim build and medium length, fashionably styled blonde hair.
- Its bill is of medium length for a shorebird, and it has short, yellow legs.
- He had medium length shaggy black hair and bright green eyes.
- Many military installations are in or near small or medium size towns that can't absorb such a loss.
- In captivity, the hawk-headed parrot has a life span comparable to most other medium size parrots.
- He was described as a man in his late 30s, taller than average, of medium build with short dark hair and who spoke with no discernible accent.
- He is described as being medium build with a fair complexion and light brown hair.
- I smiled and ruffled her medium length light brown hair slightly.
- They seemed to be of medium length and one them had been pulled from the root, making a DNA check possible.
- Her hair was medium length and brown, and she walked gracefully.
- These policies will inevitably lead to an extremely painful property market shake-out in the near to medium term.
Synonyms
average, middling, medium-sized, middle-sized, moderate, fair, normal, standard, usual

Derivatives

mediumism

noun ˈmiːdɪəmɪz(ə)mˈmidiəˌmɪzəm

mass noun

The activity or practice of being a spiritual medium.
he became interested in mediumism in 1874
Example sentencesExamples
- But anyhow; using a Ouija-table or practising table-tilting is one way to try to develop mediumism, or to get the first contact from the other side.
- The study of mediumism and related phenomena shows us that many mediums assessed as genuine, later began to lose their powers and took to cheating due to the pressure to go on producing results.
- The true scientific use of the pendulum is not to be confused with mediumism or the subconscious mind at all.

mediumistic

adjective miːdɪəˈmɪstɪkˌmidiəˈmɪstɪk

Relating to or characteristic of a person who claims to be in contact with the spirits of the dead.
research into mediumistic communication with deceased persons
Example sentencesExamples
- psychic and mediumistic experiences
- In 1921 a journalist, James Douglas, had a photo of himself taken by medium William Hope, of the Crewe Circle mediumistic group, that, when developed, showed the presence of a spirit extra.
- During a mediumistic reading the medium usually produces a large number of statements and the sitter has to decide whether these statements accurately describe his/her deceased friends or relatives.
- It is hoped that future tests of mediumistic ability will employ the type of blind judging methods that have been developed, and frequently employed, in past tests of mediumistic ability.

mediumship

noun ˈmiːdɪəmʃɪpˈmidiəmˌʃɪp

mass noun

The skill or practice of being a spiritual medium.
his mediumship has given us a large mass of evidence which no amount of detective work could obtain
Example sentencesExamples
- It is the most commonly used method behind such mysteries as mediumship, palmistry, astrology and a host of other varieties of ‘psychic’ reading.
- For Mrs Howard her ‘gift’ for mediumship was discovered out of a tragic loss she suffered more than 20 years ago.
- The three-part BBC series aims to lift the veil on mediumship - asking whether mediums spread false hope, exploit the vulnerable or simply tell people what they want to hear.

Origin

Late 16th century (originally denoting something intermediate in nature or degree): from Latin, literally 'middle', neuter of medius.

mediocre from late 16th century:
Mediocre is from Latin mediocris used to mean ‘of middle height or degree’, but literally ‘somewhat rugged or mountainous’, from medius ‘middle’ and ocris ‘rugged mountain’. Medius also gives us medium (late 16th century) and intermediate (Late Middle English), while meridian (Late Middle English) goes back to Latin meridianum ‘noon’ from medius dies ‘middle of the day’.

Rhymes

tedium

Definition of medium in US English:

medium

nounˈmēdēəmˈmidiəm

1An agency or means of doing something.
媒介；途径，方法，手段
using the latest technology as a medium for job creation
把最新技术作为创造就业机会的手段。
their primitive valuables acted as a medium of exchange
他们的原始贵重物充当交换媒介。
Example sentencesExamples
- Others do not, saying that they are not bookmakers, but a medium for bets between consenting adults.
- The internet ‘should be a medium for unbridled self-expression’, not an amplifier of fears.
- The idea of using newspapers as a medium of education goes back to the 18th century.
- To use TV as a medium of education will yield rich dividends.
- Chatrooms have always been popular on the internet as they provide a medium for people with similar interests to meet and discuss their opinions.
- We could get more things done, since television would not be a medium of entertainment but rather of information alone.
- Later, increasing numbers of literati acknowledged the folding fan as a medium for showing off their expertise in writing and painting.
- It was a medium for collaboration and interaction between individuals without regard of geographic location, she said.
- He then shifts to the use of gold in Greece, Rome, and Byzantium, initially as adornment but later as a medium of exchange.
- No asset since gold in the 19th century enjoys such broad acceptance as both a medium of exchange and a store of value as the dollar.
- Accordingly, money is brought forth into society to be used as a medium of exchange to facilitate the trade of goods of all kinds.
- As we built it, the library became a medium for us to design our own structure of how subjects and ideas flow.
- Which means, theatre is not just a medium for entertainment, but a reaction to the intense and complex realities around us.
- Mostly, it was a medium for the well-off to talk among themselves.
- We are simply providing a medium for people to tell us their experiences in confidence and presenting them to the public who can then make up their own minds.
- The company began as a medium for senior dancers to perform.
- Given a medium of exchange, people can trade even if their wants and needs don't directly coincide.
- The meetings provide a medium for local councillors to raise the issues of their electorate on a more intimate basis with Council officials.
- A common answer is ‘anything that can be used as a medium of exchange’.
Synonyms
means of communication, means of expression, mode of expression, means, method, way, form, agency, channel, forum
1. 1.1 A means by which something is communicated or expressed.
  （传播或表达的）手段，方法
  here the Welsh language is the medium of instruction
  在这里，威尔士语是教学用语。
  Example sentencesExamples
  Simply put, mobile communications is the new medium for the future.
  Blogging is the medium that lets us communicate with like-minded people.
  True communication can only occur between people with equal access to the medium in which the communication is taking place.
  The Internet has become a global medium for instant communication and quick access to information.
  Languages were flawless and they were just mediums of interaction and communication, he added.
  The problem, though, is not with the words, but with the medium of communication, with situation and circumstance.
  Our newest medium of camp marketing communications probably sports the most flagrant offenses.
  Blogs are just a new medium for communication and the three rules apply.
  Secondly, the Commission recommends Mother Tongue as the medium of instruction for elementary education.
  English is the official language and the main medium of instruction from preschool to tertiary levels of education.
  It is a powerful communicative medium; a language which uses the mind and body to relate varied experiences.
  The mediums of communications have themselves changed.
  I shall use the same medium of communication as I believe that the information I give will reach the wider public.
  It seems mobile phone is the medium of choice for communication for modern Japanese.
  In Malaysia, on the other hand, Malay is the national and the official language and the main medium of instruction.
  Today, it seems that through the various medium of communications every heartbeat is shared by the world.
  It provides education for children using the Maori language as the medium of instruction.
  English is the administrative language and the medium of instruction in schools.
  Thai is the national language and the medium for education and mass communication.
  Since music is a mysterious international language, it can be the medium of communication in its special way with patients.
  Synonyms
  means of communication, means of expression, mode of expression, means, method, way, form, agency, channel, forum
2The intervening substance through which impressions are conveyed to the senses or a force acts on objects at a distance.
媒质，媒介物；传导体
radio communication needs no physical medium between the two stations
在这两个站点间进行无线电通讯无需任何有形介质。
the medium between the cylinders is a vacuum
汽缸之间的媒质是真空。
Example sentencesExamples
- There was no medium or physical means to push and pull the planets and other objects around.
- Moving in a fluid is complicated by the fact that forces applied to the medium cause it to move.
- Second, the gene provides the physical medium for sharing genetic information from generation to generation.
- Air, the lubricating medium, is forced into a reservoir surrounding the bearing.
1. 2.1 The substance in which an organism lives or is cultured.
  培养基
  grow bacteria in a nutrient-rich medium
  在营养丰富的培养基中培养细菌。
  Example sentencesExamples
  The world ocean is what laboratory scientists would call a culture medium, the largest petri dish known to mankind.
  Typically, by the end of batch culture nutrients in the medium would be considerably depleted.
  Pollen was sprinkled on the media by gently tapping a set of three flowers directly above the surface of the medium in each Petri dish.
  Addition of Chinese medicines into the culture medium will significantly affect bone cell metabolism.
  The culture medium in the glass containers was exchanged every 2 days.
  The culture medium was changed after 24 h and from then on three times a day.
  Eggs were collected during 8 h periods in cultured bottles containing standard medium.
  In plant cell culture, the addition of exogenous sugar to the culture medium is an absolute necessity for nearly all tissues.
  Organic matter plays an important complementary role, especially on very sandy soils where it is practically the only medium for nutrient and water storage.
  Cells were separated from the culture medium by centrifugation at 100 g for 1 min at 4°C.
  Alkaloid levels were determined both in the roots and in the culture medium after a culturing period of 28 d.
  In doing so, this mucus becomes a culture medium for further bacterial growth, aggravating the state of recurrent infections.
  This occurs when colonic bacteria accumulate above the obstructing lesion and flourish in a nutrient medium.
  This would also increase the sloughing off of cell wall surface polymers in the culture medium.
  The basal cut surface was left in the nutrient medium.
  Blood is a great medium for the bacteria that causes gonorrhea.
  The objective of this study was to develop a suitable medium to improve in vitro pollen germination in pigeonpea.
  The culture medium covering the cells was purged with pure nitrogen gas for 4 h.
  Serial dilutions of the test solutions with culture medium were prepared before in vitro assay.
  Uptake activity depends on the growth phase of the cultured cells whereas the culture medium had no effect on uptake.
  Synonyms
  habitat, element, environment, surroundings, milieu, setting, conditions, circumstances, ambience, atmosphere
2. 2.2 A liquid (e.g., oil or water) with which pigments are mixed to make paint.
  （颜料）溶剂（如油或水）
  Example sentencesExamples
  We carry a large range of dry pigments, oils and mediums.
  When a pigment has a high scattering power in relation to the medium, the paint will be dense and opaque in appearance.
  Synonyms
  habitat, element, environment, surroundings, milieu, setting, conditions, circumstances, ambience, atmosphere
3A particular form of storage for digitized information, such as magnetic tape or discs.
（计算机文件）存储媒介
moving or copying backed-up data through a hierarchy of different mediums
Example sentencesExamples
- Tape is the most effective storage medium on a price basis for large amounts of data.
- Using the whole volume of a storage medium, instead of just the surface, allows us to encode much more information in a small space.
- In most cases, magnetic disk storage will be the medium of choice for several key reasons.
- What's the next most common storage medium shared amongst many computers?
- If you can justify the price and are looking for some portable storage medium then this is something you should take a look at.
- Copy files to and from the device as you would with any other storage medium.
- Wired Magazine is now suggesting that discs are dead as a storage medium.
- This film has been used for over 12 years as an archival optical storage medium.
- They largely replaced disk drives as a transportable storage medium.
- Tape is the overwhelming computer medium of choice for archiving.
- Disk has lagged behind tape as a long-term storage medium because of cost.
- This means shifting data between storage mediums in an effort to provide the ideal levels of access, protection, and recovery at the lowest possible total cost.
- Things are looking up for DVD-RAM as a general-purpose storage medium.
- This would let users treat the drive as a floppy drive or hard drive, making it an easier to use storage medium.
- Their capacity and low price mean that CD-Rs should be your starting point when considering a storage medium.
- The encrypted object is written as an ordinary file on the medium.
- As a long-term storage medium for check images, tape significantly exceeds any realistic requirements.
- Despite the drawbacks stated above, tape is still a widely accepted storage medium.
- Review DVD is currently hyped as the storage medium of the future.
- A signal from a storage medium is processed in a data channel to form digital data.
4The material or form used by an artist, composer, or writer.
（艺术创作）材料，素材；（艺术）表现方式
oil paint is the most popular medium for glazing
油性涂料是上光时用得最多的材料。
Example sentencesExamples
- What sets him apart from the very large number of contemporary artists working in the medium is his exhilarating use of colour.
- The other pieces were in ceramic, the medium for which the artist is best known.
- As an artistic medium, film is easily the most accessible art form, yet the least discussed beyond its immediate spectacle.
- It showcased a variety of artistic mediums ranging from large finished canvases to sketch books.
- As an artistic medium, film can have a myriad of purposes.
- Prevalent artistic mediums of that period - the mural and the poster - reflected the political character of the times.
- Krause is an artist who continues to push himself into new mediums and new subject matter.
- Shakespeare's work has been produced since the Renaissance in all artistic mediums from the original theater to opera, symphony, film, and ballet.
- More than 60 artists in different mediums display their artistic experiments with unfamiliar material.
- In fact, the completed windows do possess a freshness that is striking to find in the medium of monumental stained glass.
- My favorite medium is artistic photography because it is real and has that peacefulness and beauty in it.
- Energized by necessity as well as by curiosity and competence in many mediums, the versatile artist was awesomely productive.
- O'Connell sells contemporary glass sculpture, a popular medium for homes full of sun on the water.
- The artist chooses mediums like oil, calligraphy and glass to display her talents.
- I cannot discuss all the new artistic mediums here - and if I did, my discussion would be obsolete before this book is published.
- Concrete is one of the artist's favorite mediums.
- And woodblocks have remained the dominant medium for Japanese print artists until our days.
- The arch soon became a focal point of Washington Square and a subject for artists working in all mediums.
- These are young professionals who are exploring the artistic medium of film.
- She worked in a variety of mediums, including artist's books, painting, printmaking, sculpture, installation and dance.
5A person claiming to be in contact with the spirits of the dead and to communicate between the dead and the living.
灵媒，巫师，招魂者
Example sentencesExamples
- Soon, half the audience is crying, convinced the medium has made contact.
- This man did not claim to be a medium but, nonetheless, believed he had talked many times with the spirit of Doyle.
- Did the medium really tell you that your dead father's name was William?
- This work, by Professor Richard Wiseman, involved asking five mediums to contact the dead relatives of five volunteers.
- After making an international name for himself, he spent several years exposing phony spiritualists and mediums.
- A male medium contacted the owner in 1985 and disclosed that the dead Hessian soldier had visited him in a dream.
- He claims he is a medium for holy spirits who talk to him in their dreams.
- During the winter of 1978, the owner was contacted by a professional medium.
- Most people who go to a medium or a spiritualist church have lost someone and want to find out that this person is okay.
- Other religious practitioners include spirit mediums and shamans, most of whom are women.
- Today's most successful mediums, however, simply claim the dead communicate through them.
- He asserts that this work supports the mediums ' claims that they are actually communicating with the dead.
- As a spiritual medium, telephone readings are available at a very affordable price.
- Just a few days ago, I sat down with a woman who is a medium, and we got to talking about spirits and ghosts.
- I do not let spirits enter my body and speak through me, though some psychics and mediums work this way.
- Nigel's devastated parents made a number of attempts to contact their son through mediums and the spiritualist church.
- If an authentic medium detects a spirit that is present, they will try and convince it to move on.
- Spiritualist mediums are predominantly women who hold divinations and seances in their homes; many have become successful and even wealthy.
- Such beliefs are not confined to rural areas; in the cities there is a network of spirit mediums who claim to contact the dead.
- Clients of mediums who claim to get messages from the dead are very highly motivated clients.
Synonyms
spiritualist, clairvoyant, mind reader, fortune teller, seer, necromancer
6The middle quality or state between two extremes; a reasonable balance.
（品质、状态）中等；中间；中庸
there is a medium between being modest and boastful
Synonyms
middle way, middle course, middle ground, middle, mean, median, mid point, central point, centre, average, norm, standard

adjectiveˈmēdēəmˈmidiəm

About halfway between two extremes of size or another quality; average.
中等的；中号的；适中的
John is six feet tall, of medium build
约翰六英尺高，身材中等。
medium-length hair
不长不短的头发。
Example sentencesExamples
- They are about the size of a medium collie dog, but their tail is round and bushy and is carried straight out below the level of their back.
- Many military installations are in or near small or medium size towns that can't absorb such a loss.
- She has fair medium length straight hair and blue eyes.
- There is a certain amount of research that has no clear medium term pay off that is funded by governments.
- They seemed to be of medium length and one them had been pulled from the root, making a DNA check possible.
- Its bill is of medium length for a shorebird, and it has short, yellow legs.
- She looked to be in her mid-thirties and had medium length brown hair.
- In captivity, the hawk-headed parrot has a life span comparable to most other medium size parrots.
- This product is suitable for most small to medium size businesses that require full stock control and sales and purchase order processing.
- Her hair was medium length and brown, and she walked gracefully.
- I smiled and ruffled her medium length light brown hair slightly.
- The first man was white, in his late teens, 5ft 10 in tall, of medium build, with fair short hair.
- He was described as a man in his late 30s, taller than average, of medium build with short dark hair and who spoke with no discernible accent.
- He is described as being medium build with a fair complexion and light brown hair.
- These policies will inevitably lead to an extremely painful property market shake-out in the near to medium term.
- In addition about 90% of the quota was taken up by producers in the small to medium size categories.
- Her medium length brown hair was loose and hung over her back.
- My medium length black hair was left out in bouncy curls today.
- He had medium length shaggy black hair and bright green eyes.
- She had a slim build and medium length, fashionably styled blonde hair.
Synonyms
average, middling, medium-sized, middle-sized, moderate, fair, normal, standard, usual

Origin

Late 16th century (originally denoting something intermediate in nature or degree): from Latin, literally ‘middle’, neuter of medius.

词汇	medium
释义	Definition of medium in English: medium nounPlural media, Plural mediums ˈmiːdɪəmˈmidiəm 1An agency or means of doing something. 媒介；途径，方法，手段 using the latest technology as a medium for job creation 把最新技术作为创造就业机会的手段。 their primitive valuables acted as a medium of exchange 他们的原始贵重物充当交换媒介。 Example sentencesExamples He then shifts to the use of gold in Greece, Rome, and Byzantium, initially as adornment but later as a medium of exchange. To use TV as a medium of education will yield rich dividends. As we built it, the library became a medium for us to design our own structure of how subjects and ideas flow. A common answer is ‘anything that can be used as a medium of exchange’. No asset since gold in the 19th century enjoys such broad acceptance as both a medium of exchange and a store of value as the dollar. The idea of using newspapers as a medium of education goes back to the 18th century. The internet ‘should be a medium for unbridled self-expression’, not an amplifier of fears. Later, increasing numbers of literati acknowledged the folding fan as a medium for showing off their expertise in writing and painting. It was a medium for collaboration and interaction between individuals without regard of geographic location, she said. Chatrooms have always been popular on the internet as they provide a medium for people with similar interests to meet and discuss their opinions. Which means, theatre is not just a medium for entertainment, but a reaction to the intense and complex realities around us. The company began as a medium for senior dancers to perform. Accordingly, money is brought forth into society to be used as a medium of exchange to facilitate the trade of goods of all kinds. Given a medium of exchange, people can trade even if their wants and needs don't directly coincide. Mostly, it was a medium for the well-off to talk among themselves. We could get more things done, since television would not be a medium of entertainment but rather of information alone. The meetings provide a medium for local councillors to raise the issues of their electorate on a more intimate basis with Council officials. We are simply providing a medium for people to tell us their experiences in confidence and presenting them to the public who can then make up their own minds. Others do not, saying that they are not bookmakers, but a medium for bets between consenting adults. Synonyms means of communication, means of expression, mode of expression, means, method, way, form, agency, channel, forum 1.1 A means by which something is communicated or expressed. （传播或表达的）手段，方法 here the Welsh language is the medium of instruction 在这里，威尔士语是教学用语。 Example sentencesExamples The Internet has become a global medium for instant communication and quick access to information. Blogging is the medium that lets us communicate with like-minded people. It seems mobile phone is the medium of choice for communication for modern Japanese. English is the official language and the main medium of instruction from preschool to tertiary levels of education. Since music is a mysterious international language, it can be the medium of communication in its special way with patients. Secondly, the Commission recommends Mother Tongue as the medium of instruction for elementary education. Thai is the national language and the medium for education and mass communication. I shall use the same medium of communication as I believe that the information I give will reach the wider public. English is the administrative language and the medium of instruction in schools. It is a powerful communicative medium; a language which uses the mind and body to relate varied experiences. The problem, though, is not with the words, but with the medium of communication, with situation and circumstance. It provides education for children using the Maori language as the medium of instruction. In Malaysia, on the other hand, Malay is the national and the official language and the main medium of instruction. Languages were flawless and they were just mediums of interaction and communication, he added. Simply put, mobile communications is the new medium for the future. Our newest medium of camp marketing communications probably sports the most flagrant offenses. The mediums of communications have themselves changed. Today, it seems that through the various medium of communications every heartbeat is shared by the world. True communication can only occur between people with equal access to the medium in which the communication is taking place. Blogs are just a new medium for communication and the three rules apply. Synonyms means of communication, means of expression, mode of expression, means, method, way, form, agency, channel, forum 2The intervening substance through which sensory impressions are conveyed or physical forces are transmitted. 媒质，媒介物；传导体 radio communication needs no physical medium between the two stations 在这两个站点间进行无线电通讯无需任何有形介质。 Example sentencesExamples Second, the gene provides the physical medium for sharing genetic information from generation to generation. Moving in a fluid is complicated by the fact that forces applied to the medium cause it to move. There was no medium or physical means to push and pull the planets and other objects around. Air, the lubricating medium, is forced into a reservoir surrounding the bearing. 2.1 The substance in which an organism lives or is cultured. 培养基 these cells are grown in a nutrient-rich medium Example sentencesExamples Cells were separated from the culture medium by centrifugation at 100 g for 1 min at 4°C. The objective of this study was to develop a suitable medium to improve in vitro pollen germination in pigeonpea. The basal cut surface was left in the nutrient medium. Serial dilutions of the test solutions with culture medium were prepared before in vitro assay. Blood is a great medium for the bacteria that causes gonorrhea. In doing so, this mucus becomes a culture medium for further bacterial growth, aggravating the state of recurrent infections. Eggs were collected during 8 h periods in cultured bottles containing standard medium. The culture medium was changed after 24 h and from then on three times a day. This would also increase the sloughing off of cell wall surface polymers in the culture medium. Pollen was sprinkled on the media by gently tapping a set of three flowers directly above the surface of the medium in each Petri dish. Typically, by the end of batch culture nutrients in the medium would be considerably depleted. This occurs when colonic bacteria accumulate above the obstructing lesion and flourish in a nutrient medium. In plant cell culture, the addition of exogenous sugar to the culture medium is an absolute necessity for nearly all tissues. Organic matter plays an important complementary role, especially on very sandy soils where it is practically the only medium for nutrient and water storage. The culture medium covering the cells was purged with pure nitrogen gas for 4 h. Uptake activity depends on the growth phase of the cultured cells whereas the culture medium had no effect on uptake. Addition of Chinese medicines into the culture medium will significantly affect bone cell metabolism. The culture medium in the glass containers was exchanged every 2 days. The world ocean is what laboratory scientists would call a culture medium, the largest petri dish known to mankind. Alkaloid levels were determined both in the roots and in the culture medium after a culturing period of 28 d. Synonyms habitat, element, environment, surroundings, milieu, setting, conditions, circumstances, ambience, atmosphere 2.2 A liquid (e.g. oil or water) with which pigments are mixed, with a binder, to make paint. （颜料）溶剂（如油或水） Example sentencesExamples When a pigment has a high scattering power in relation to the medium, the paint will be dense and opaque in appearance. We carry a large range of dry pigments, oils and mediums. Synonyms habitat, element, environment, surroundings, milieu, setting, conditions, circumstances, ambience, atmosphere 3A particular form of storage material for computer files, such as magnetic tape or discs. （计算机文件）存储媒介 Example sentencesExamples Things are looking up for DVD-RAM as a general-purpose storage medium. As a long-term storage medium for check images, tape significantly exceeds any realistic requirements. If you can justify the price and are looking for some portable storage medium then this is something you should take a look at. A signal from a storage medium is processed in a data channel to form digital data. Disk has lagged behind tape as a long-term storage medium because of cost. This would let users treat the drive as a floppy drive or hard drive, making it an easier to use storage medium. Tape is the most effective storage medium on a price basis for large amounts of data. This means shifting data between storage mediums in an effort to provide the ideal levels of access, protection, and recovery at the lowest possible total cost. Using the whole volume of a storage medium, instead of just the surface, allows us to encode much more information in a small space. Tape is the overwhelming computer medium of choice for archiving. The encrypted object is written as an ordinary file on the medium. What's the next most common storage medium shared amongst many computers? Their capacity and low price mean that CD-Rs should be your starting point when considering a storage medium. Review DVD is currently hyped as the storage medium of the future. They largely replaced disk drives as a transportable storage medium. In most cases, magnetic disk storage will be the medium of choice for several key reasons. Wired Magazine is now suggesting that discs are dead as a storage medium. Despite the drawbacks stated above, tape is still a widely accepted storage medium. This film has been used for over 12 years as an archival optical storage medium. Copy files to and from the device as you would with any other storage medium. 4The material or form used by an artist, composer, or writer. （艺术创作）材料，素材；（艺术）表现方式 oil paint is the most popular medium for glazing 油性涂料是上光时用得最多的材料。 Example sentencesExamples It showcased a variety of artistic mediums ranging from large finished canvases to sketch books. As an artistic medium, film can have a myriad of purposes. The other pieces were in ceramic, the medium for which the artist is best known. Energized by necessity as well as by curiosity and competence in many mediums, the versatile artist was awesomely productive. More than 60 artists in different mediums display their artistic experiments with unfamiliar material. In fact, the completed windows do possess a freshness that is striking to find in the medium of monumental stained glass. Prevalent artistic mediums of that period - the mural and the poster - reflected the political character of the times. O'Connell sells contemporary glass sculpture, a popular medium for homes full of sun on the water. What sets him apart from the very large number of contemporary artists working in the medium is his exhilarating use of colour. I cannot discuss all the new artistic mediums here - and if I did, my discussion would be obsolete before this book is published. The artist chooses mediums like oil, calligraphy and glass to display her talents. My favorite medium is artistic photography because it is real and has that peacefulness and beauty in it. She worked in a variety of mediums, including artist's books, painting, printmaking, sculpture, installation and dance. As an artistic medium, film is easily the most accessible art form, yet the least discussed beyond its immediate spectacle. The arch soon became a focal point of Washington Square and a subject for artists working in all mediums. Krause is an artist who continues to push himself into new mediums and new subject matter. Concrete is one of the artist's favorite mediums. Shakespeare's work has been produced since the Renaissance in all artistic mediums from the original theater to opera, symphony, film, and ballet. And woodblocks have remained the dominant medium for Japanese print artists until our days. These are young professionals who are exploring the artistic medium of film. 5A person claiming to be in contact with the spirits of the dead and to communicate between the dead and the living. 灵媒，巫师，招魂者 Example sentencesExamples This man did not claim to be a medium but, nonetheless, believed he had talked many times with the spirit of Doyle. Such beliefs are not confined to rural areas; in the cities there is a network of spirit mediums who claim to contact the dead. As a spiritual medium, telephone readings are available at a very affordable price. He claims he is a medium for holy spirits who talk to him in their dreams. Did the medium really tell you that your dead father's name was William? I do not let spirits enter my body and speak through me, though some psychics and mediums work this way. He asserts that this work supports the mediums ' claims that they are actually communicating with the dead. Just a few days ago, I sat down with a woman who is a medium, and we got to talking about spirits and ghosts. During the winter of 1978, the owner was contacted by a professional medium. After making an international name for himself, he spent several years exposing phony spiritualists and mediums. If an authentic medium detects a spirit that is present, they will try and convince it to move on. Nigel's devastated parents made a number of attempts to contact their son through mediums and the spiritualist church. Soon, half the audience is crying, convinced the medium has made contact. Clients of mediums who claim to get messages from the dead are very highly motivated clients. Spiritualist mediums are predominantly women who hold divinations and seances in their homes; many have become successful and even wealthy. A male medium contacted the owner in 1985 and disclosed that the dead Hessian soldier had visited him in a dream. Most people who go to a medium or a spiritualist church have lost someone and want to find out that this person is okay. Today's most successful mediums, however, simply claim the dead communicate through them. This work, by Professor Richard Wiseman, involved asking five mediums to contact the dead relatives of five volunteers. Other religious practitioners include spirit mediums and shamans, most of whom are women. Synonyms spiritualist, clairvoyant, mind reader, fortune teller, seer, necromancer rare spiritist 6The middle quality or state between two extremes; a reasonable balance. （品质、状态）中等；中间；中庸 there is a medium between being modest and boastful Synonyms middle way, middle course, middle ground, middle, mean, median, mid point, central point, centre, average, norm, standard compromise, balance, happy medium, golden mean adjective ˈmiːdɪəmˈmidiəm About halfway between two extremes of size or another quality; average. 中等的；中号的；适中的 John is six feet tall, of medium build 约翰六英尺高，身材中等。 plan for the medium term medium-length hair 不长不短的头发。 Example sentencesExamples She looked to be in her mid-thirties and had medium length brown hair. Her medium length brown hair was loose and hung over her back. In addition about 90% of the quota was taken up by producers in the small to medium size categories. My medium length black hair was left out in bouncy curls today. She has fair medium length straight hair and blue eyes. There is a certain amount of research that has no clear medium term pay off that is funded by governments. The first man was white, in his late teens, 5ft 10 in tall, of medium build, with fair short hair. They are about the size of a medium collie dog, but their tail is round and bushy and is carried straight out below the level of their back. This product is suitable for most small to medium size businesses that require full stock control and sales and purchase order processing. She had a slim build and medium length, fashionably styled blonde hair. Its bill is of medium length for a shorebird, and it has short, yellow legs. He had medium length shaggy black hair and bright green eyes. Many military installations are in or near small or medium size towns that can't absorb such a loss. In captivity, the hawk-headed parrot has a life span comparable to most other medium size parrots. He was described as a man in his late 30s, taller than average, of medium build with short dark hair and who spoke with no discernible accent. He is described as being medium build with a fair complexion and light brown hair. I smiled and ruffled her medium length light brown hair slightly. They seemed to be of medium length and one them had been pulled from the root, making a DNA check possible. Her hair was medium length and brown, and she walked gracefully. These policies will inevitably lead to an extremely painful property market shake-out in the near to medium term. Synonyms average, middling, medium-sized, middle-sized, moderate, fair, normal, standard, usual Derivatives mediumism noun ˈmiːdɪəmɪz(ə)mˈmidiəˌmɪzəm mass noun The activity or practice of being a spiritual medium. he became interested in mediumism in 1874 Example sentencesExamples But anyhow; using a Ouija-table or practising table-tilting is one way to try to develop mediumism, or to get the first contact from the other side. The study of mediumism and related phenomena shows us that many mediums assessed as genuine, later began to lose their powers and took to cheating due to the pressure to go on producing results. The true scientific use of the pendulum is not to be confused with mediumism or the subconscious mind at all. mediumistic adjective miːdɪəˈmɪstɪkˌmidiəˈmɪstɪk Relating to or characteristic of a person who claims to be in contact with the spirits of the dead. research into mediumistic communication with deceased persons Example sentencesExamples psychic and mediumistic experiences In 1921 a journalist, James Douglas, had a photo of himself taken by medium William Hope, of the Crewe Circle mediumistic group, that, when developed, showed the presence of a spirit extra. During a mediumistic reading the medium usually produces a large number of statements and the sitter has to decide whether these statements accurately describe his/her deceased friends or relatives. It is hoped that future tests of mediumistic ability will employ the type of blind judging methods that have been developed, and frequently employed, in past tests of mediumistic ability. mediumship noun ˈmiːdɪəmʃɪpˈmidiəmˌʃɪp mass noun The skill or practice of being a spiritual medium. his mediumship has given us a large mass of evidence which no amount of detective work could obtain Example sentencesExamples It is the most commonly used method behind such mysteries as mediumship, palmistry, astrology and a host of other varieties of ‘psychic’ reading. For Mrs Howard her ‘gift’ for mediumship was discovered out of a tragic loss she suffered more than 20 years ago. The three-part BBC series aims to lift the veil on mediumship - asking whether mediums spread false hope, exploit the vulnerable or simply tell people what they want to hear. Origin Late 16th century (originally denoting something intermediate in nature or degree): from Latin, literally 'middle', neuter of medius. mediocre from late 16th century: Mediocre is from Latin mediocris used to mean ‘of middle height or degree’, but literally ‘somewhat rugged or mountainous’, from medius ‘middle’ and ocris ‘rugged mountain’. Medius also gives us medium (late 16th century) and intermediate (Late Middle English), while meridian (Late Middle English) goes back to Latin meridianum ‘noon’ from medius dies ‘middle of the day’. Rhymes tedium Definition of medium in US English: medium nounˈmēdēəmˈmidiəm 1An agency or means of doing something. 媒介；途径，方法，手段 using the latest technology as a medium for job creation 把最新技术作为创造就业机会的手段。 their primitive valuables acted as a medium of exchange 他们的原始贵重物充当交换媒介。 Example sentencesExamples Others do not, saying that they are not bookmakers, but a medium for bets between consenting adults. The internet ‘should be a medium for unbridled self-expression’, not an amplifier of fears. The idea of using newspapers as a medium of education goes back to the 18th century. To use TV as a medium of education will yield rich dividends. Chatrooms have always been popular on the internet as they provide a medium for people with similar interests to meet and discuss their opinions. We could get more things done, since television would not be a medium of entertainment but rather of information alone. Later, increasing numbers of literati acknowledged the folding fan as a medium for showing off their expertise in writing and painting. It was a medium for collaboration and interaction between individuals without regard of geographic location, she said. He then shifts to the use of gold in Greece, Rome, and Byzantium, initially as adornment but later as a medium of exchange. No asset since gold in the 19th century enjoys such broad acceptance as both a medium of exchange and a store of value as the dollar. Accordingly, money is brought forth into society to be used as a medium of exchange to facilitate the trade of goods of all kinds. As we built it, the library became a medium for us to design our own structure of how subjects and ideas flow. Which means, theatre is not just a medium for entertainment, but a reaction to the intense and complex realities around us. Mostly, it was a medium for the well-off to talk among themselves. We are simply providing a medium for people to tell us their experiences in confidence and presenting them to the public who can then make up their own minds. The company began as a medium for senior dancers to perform. Given a medium of exchange, people can trade even if their wants and needs don't directly coincide. The meetings provide a medium for local councillors to raise the issues of their electorate on a more intimate basis with Council officials. A common answer is ‘anything that can be used as a medium of exchange’. Synonyms means of communication, means of expression, mode of expression, means, method, way, form, agency, channel, forum 1.1 A means by which something is communicated or expressed. （传播或表达的）手段，方法 here the Welsh language is the medium of instruction 在这里，威尔士语是教学用语。 Example sentencesExamples Simply put, mobile communications is the new medium for the future. Blogging is the medium that lets us communicate with like-minded people. True communication can only occur between people with equal access to the medium in which the communication is taking place. The Internet has become a global medium for instant communication and quick access to information. Languages were flawless and they were just mediums of interaction and communication, he added. The problem, though, is not with the words, but with the medium of communication, with situation and circumstance. Our newest medium of camp marketing communications probably sports the most flagrant offenses. Blogs are just a new medium for communication and the three rules apply. Secondly, the Commission recommends Mother Tongue as the medium of instruction for elementary education. English is the official language and the main medium of instruction from preschool to tertiary levels of education. It is a powerful communicative medium; a language which uses the mind and body to relate varied experiences. The mediums of communications have themselves changed. I shall use the same medium of communication as I believe that the information I give will reach the wider public. It seems mobile phone is the medium of choice for communication for modern Japanese. In Malaysia, on the other hand, Malay is the national and the official language and the main medium of instruction. Today, it seems that through the various medium of communications every heartbeat is shared by the world. It provides education for children using the Maori language as the medium of instruction. English is the administrative language and the medium of instruction in schools. Thai is the national language and the medium for education and mass communication. Since music is a mysterious international language, it can be the medium of communication in its special way with patients. Synonyms means of communication, means of expression, mode of expression, means, method, way, form, agency, channel, forum 2The intervening substance through which impressions are conveyed to the senses or a force acts on objects at a distance. 媒质，媒介物；传导体 radio communication needs no physical medium between the two stations 在这两个站点间进行无线电通讯无需任何有形介质。 the medium between the cylinders is a vacuum 汽缸之间的媒质是真空。 Example sentencesExamples There was no medium or physical means to push and pull the planets and other objects around. Moving in a fluid is complicated by the fact that forces applied to the medium cause it to move. Second, the gene provides the physical medium for sharing genetic information from generation to generation. Air, the lubricating medium, is forced into a reservoir surrounding the bearing. 2.1 The substance in which an organism lives or is cultured. 培养基 grow bacteria in a nutrient-rich medium 在营养丰富的培养基中培养细菌。 Example sentencesExamples The world ocean is what laboratory scientists would call a culture medium, the largest petri dish known to mankind. Typically, by the end of batch culture nutrients in the medium would be considerably depleted. Pollen was sprinkled on the media by gently tapping a set of three flowers directly above the surface of the medium in each Petri dish. Addition of Chinese medicines into the culture medium will significantly affect bone cell metabolism. The culture medium in the glass containers was exchanged every 2 days. The culture medium was changed after 24 h and from then on three times a day. Eggs were collected during 8 h periods in cultured bottles containing standard medium. In plant cell culture, the addition of exogenous sugar to the culture medium is an absolute necessity for nearly all tissues. Organic matter plays an important complementary role, especially on very sandy soils where it is practically the only medium for nutrient and water storage. Cells were separated from the culture medium by centrifugation at 100 g for 1 min at 4°C. Alkaloid levels were determined both in the roots and in the culture medium after a culturing period of 28 d. In doing so, this mucus becomes a culture medium for further bacterial growth, aggravating the state of recurrent infections. This occurs when colonic bacteria accumulate above the obstructing lesion and flourish in a nutrient medium. This would also increase the sloughing off of cell wall surface polymers in the culture medium. The basal cut surface was left in the nutrient medium. Blood is a great medium for the bacteria that causes gonorrhea. The objective of this study was to develop a suitable medium to improve in vitro pollen germination in pigeonpea. The culture medium covering the cells was purged with pure nitrogen gas for 4 h. Serial dilutions of the test solutions with culture medium were prepared before in vitro assay. Uptake activity depends on the growth phase of the cultured cells whereas the culture medium had no effect on uptake. Synonyms habitat, element, environment, surroundings, milieu, setting, conditions, circumstances, ambience, atmosphere 2.2 A liquid (e.g., oil or water) with which pigments are mixed to make paint. （颜料）溶剂（如油或水） Example sentencesExamples We carry a large range of dry pigments, oils and mediums. When a pigment has a high scattering power in relation to the medium, the paint will be dense and opaque in appearance. Synonyms habitat, element, environment, surroundings, milieu, setting, conditions, circumstances, ambience, atmosphere 3A particular form of storage for digitized information, such as magnetic tape or discs. （计算机文件）存储媒介 moving or copying backed-up data through a hierarchy of different mediums Example sentencesExamples Tape is the most effective storage medium on a price basis for large amounts of data. Using the whole volume of a storage medium, instead of just the surface, allows us to encode much more information in a small space. In most cases, magnetic disk storage will be the medium of choice for several key reasons. What's the next most common storage medium shared amongst many computers? If you can justify the price and are looking for some portable storage medium then this is something you should take a look at. Copy files to and from the device as you would with any other storage medium. Wired Magazine is now suggesting that discs are dead as a storage medium. This film has been used for over 12 years as an archival optical storage medium. They largely replaced disk drives as a transportable storage medium. Tape is the overwhelming computer medium of choice for archiving. Disk has lagged behind tape as a long-term storage medium because of cost. This means shifting data between storage mediums in an effort to provide the ideal levels of access, protection, and recovery at the lowest possible total cost. Things are looking up for DVD-RAM as a general-purpose storage medium. This would let users treat the drive as a floppy drive or hard drive, making it an easier to use storage medium. Their capacity and low price mean that CD-Rs should be your starting point when considering a storage medium. The encrypted object is written as an ordinary file on the medium. As a long-term storage medium for check images, tape significantly exceeds any realistic requirements. Despite the drawbacks stated above, tape is still a widely accepted storage medium. Review DVD is currently hyped as the storage medium of the future. A signal from a storage medium is processed in a data channel to form digital data. 4The material or form used by an artist, composer, or writer. （艺术创作）材料，素材；（艺术）表现方式 oil paint is the most popular medium for glazing 油性涂料是上光时用得最多的材料。 Example sentencesExamples What sets him apart from the very large number of contemporary artists working in the medium is his exhilarating use of colour. The other pieces were in ceramic, the medium for which the artist is best known. As an artistic medium, film is easily the most accessible art form, yet the least discussed beyond its immediate spectacle. It showcased a variety of artistic mediums ranging from large finished canvases to sketch books. As an artistic medium, film can have a myriad of purposes. Prevalent artistic mediums of that period - the mural and the poster - reflected the political character of the times. Krause is an artist who continues to push himself into new mediums and new subject matter. Shakespeare's work has been produced since the Renaissance in all artistic mediums from the original theater to opera, symphony, film, and ballet. More than 60 artists in different mediums display their artistic experiments with unfamiliar material. In fact, the completed windows do possess a freshness that is striking to find in the medium of monumental stained glass. My favorite medium is artistic photography because it is real and has that peacefulness and beauty in it. Energized by necessity as well as by curiosity and competence in many mediums, the versatile artist was awesomely productive. O'Connell sells contemporary glass sculpture, a popular medium for homes full of sun on the water. The artist chooses mediums like oil, calligraphy and glass to display her talents. I cannot discuss all the new artistic mediums here - and if I did, my discussion would be obsolete before this book is published. Concrete is one of the artist's favorite mediums. And woodblocks have remained the dominant medium for Japanese print artists until our days. The arch soon became a focal point of Washington Square and a subject for artists working in all mediums. These are young professionals who are exploring the artistic medium of film. She worked in a variety of mediums, including artist's books, painting, printmaking, sculpture, installation and dance. 5A person claiming to be in contact with the spirits of the dead and to communicate between the dead and the living. 灵媒，巫师，招魂者 Example sentencesExamples Soon, half the audience is crying, convinced the medium has made contact. This man did not claim to be a medium but, nonetheless, believed he had talked many times with the spirit of Doyle. Did the medium really tell you that your dead father's name was William? This work, by Professor Richard Wiseman, involved asking five mediums to contact the dead relatives of five volunteers. After making an international name for himself, he spent several years exposing phony spiritualists and mediums. A male medium contacted the owner in 1985 and disclosed that the dead Hessian soldier had visited him in a dream. He claims he is a medium for holy spirits who talk to him in their dreams. During the winter of 1978, the owner was contacted by a professional medium. Most people who go to a medium or a spiritualist church have lost someone and want to find out that this person is okay. Other religious practitioners include spirit mediums and shamans, most of whom are women. Today's most successful mediums, however, simply claim the dead communicate through them. He asserts that this work supports the mediums ' claims that they are actually communicating with the dead. As a spiritual medium, telephone readings are available at a very affordable price. Just a few days ago, I sat down with a woman who is a medium, and we got to talking about spirits and ghosts. I do not let spirits enter my body and speak through me, though some psychics and mediums work this way. Nigel's devastated parents made a number of attempts to contact their son through mediums and the spiritualist church. If an authentic medium detects a spirit that is present, they will try and convince it to move on. Spiritualist mediums are predominantly women who hold divinations and seances in their homes; many have become successful and even wealthy. Such beliefs are not confined to rural areas; in the cities there is a network of spirit mediums who claim to contact the dead. Clients of mediums who claim to get messages from the dead are very highly motivated clients. Synonyms spiritualist, clairvoyant, mind reader, fortune teller, seer, necromancer 6The middle quality or state between two extremes; a reasonable balance. （品质、状态）中等；中间；中庸 there is a medium between being modest and boastful Synonyms middle way, middle course, middle ground, middle, mean, median, mid point, central point, centre, average, norm, standard adjectiveˈmēdēəmˈmidiəm About halfway between two extremes of size or another quality; average. 中等的；中号的；适中的 John is six feet tall, of medium build 约翰六英尺高，身材中等。 medium-length hair 不长不短的头发。 Example sentencesExamples They are about the size of a medium collie dog, but their tail is round and bushy and is carried straight out below the level of their back. Many military installations are in or near small or medium size towns that can't absorb such a loss. She has fair medium length straight hair and blue eyes. There is a certain amount of research that has no clear medium term pay off that is funded by governments. They seemed to be of medium length and one them had been pulled from the root, making a DNA check possible. Its bill is of medium length for a shorebird, and it has short, yellow legs. She looked to be in her mid-thirties and had medium length brown hair. In captivity, the hawk-headed parrot has a life span comparable to most other medium size parrots. This product is suitable for most small to medium size businesses that require full stock control and sales and purchase order processing. Her hair was medium length and brown, and she walked gracefully. I smiled and ruffled her medium length light brown hair slightly. The first man was white, in his late teens, 5ft 10 in tall, of medium build, with fair short hair. He was described as a man in his late 30s, taller than average, of medium build with short dark hair and who spoke with no discernible accent. He is described as being medium build with a fair complexion and light brown hair. These policies will inevitably lead to an extremely painful property market shake-out in the near to medium term. In addition about 90% of the quota was taken up by producers in the small to medium size categories. Her medium length brown hair was loose and hung over her back. My medium length black hair was left out in bouncy curls today. He had medium length shaggy black hair and bright green eyes. She had a slim build and medium length, fashionably styled blonde hair. Synonyms average, middling, medium-sized, middle-sized, moderate, fair, normal, standard, usual Origin Late 16th century (originally denoting something intermediate in nature or degree): from Latin, literally ‘middle’, neuter of medius.
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