Definition of shell in English:

shell

noun ʃɛlʃɛl

1The hard protective outer case of a mollusc or crustacean.
（软体或甲壳纲动物的）壳
cowrie shells
宝贝壳。
mass noun the technique of carving shell
壳雕技术。
Example sentencesExamples
- The primitive man initially used berries, nuts, seeds, feathers, perforated stones, teeth, and shells as ornaments.
- The beach sands are dominated by shells of bivalve mollusks, mainly venerids, gastropods, and echinoderms.
- They require no soil and are secured to driftwood, shells or bark (using special glue), capturing nutrients and moisture from the air.
- On top of them put some natural objects such as shells, pebbles, leaves, fruit, flowers or plants or bonsai (not dead or artificial).
- Another theory is that because ammonoids grew faster and had thinner shells, the shells were not as strong as those of the nautilus.
- A little of this can benefit marine life by providing carbonate ions - a vital constituent in the biochemical process by which sea creatures such as corals and molluscs build their shells.
- Boulders are infested with black tree corals, mussels, cowrie shells, soft and hard corals and ascidians.
- The fossiliferous horizons occur in greenish to greyish siltstones and brown to black fissile shales associated with mollusc shells.
- In addition to fragments of at least four tripod cauldrons, the tomb also yielded a number of marine shells and two possible animal bone fragments.
- Her range of styles is unified by her use of shells, seeds and feathers.
- However, people severely allergic to shellfish should avoid glucosamine, which is made from the shells of crustaceans.
- We sat there for perhaps half an hour, watching the yachts go sailing by, collecting hundreds of the perfect unbroken shells to fill jars for my bathroom window ledge.
- Polysaccharides are also used in the shells of such crustaceans as crabs and lobsters (chitin).
- Mollusc shells are made primarily of calcium carbonate, with traces of strontium and other elements.
- Seeds, shells, and fresh flowers are woven into necklaces by both sexes.
- I also use precious materials, like pearl, and other things, like polished shells and seeds.
- Instead of the usual facepiece made of mesh and covered with cowry shells, this one is made from a radiator grid and covered with sparkplugs.
- To play the game, there are a variety of options, tamarind seeds, cowrie shells, beads, even small stones as affordability waxes and wanes.
- They are cousins of seashells, but instead of having a protective shell, most of them are poisonous.
- Marine invertebrates with hard shells and skeletons of chitin or lime are more conducive to fossil preservation than soft-bodied creatures.
Synonyms
carapace, outside, exterior
armour
1. 1.1 The thin outer covering of an animal's egg, which is hard and fragile in that of a bird but leathery in that of a reptile.
  蛋壳
  Example sentencesExamples
  Twelve weeks after they are laid, the hatchling turtles emerge from their shells and make for the sea.
  She considered a moment and transferred the animal from the shell to her hand.
  DDT does not directly kill birds but rather thins the shells of their eggs.
  This one hatched faster than the first, fierce little claws punching through the fragile shell and scrabbling to get free.
  As the birds accumulated the toxins in their fat reserves, the shells in their clutches thinned and broke easily, or never hatched.
  The ground was dug up and strewn with white, leathery shells - remnants of about ten eggs, near as I could tell.
  The fact that the age of many B. rosea shells exceeds 200 years is unexpected given the widely stated fragility of brachiopod shells.
  The female will lay only 4 to 10 eggs, which have leathery shells.
  On the twenty-first day, the chick, now fully developed, starts to break through his thin shell.
2. 1.2 The outer case of a nut kernel or seed.
  果壳；荚
  peanuts roasted in their shells
  Example sentencesExamples
  Crack a handful of whole new season's walnuts, remove the kernels from the shells and halve them and quarter.
  This is one of my favorite birds, and they love to eat nuts of any sort in or out of the shell as well as mealworms, sunflower seeds, suet and pumpkin seeds.
  Typical food processing jobs include peeling nutmeg shells and sorting the seeds, and washing bananas and other produce.
  Remove the shell of the seeds and cut chicken into small cubes.
  For those who have never eaten hemp seeds, the shells catch on the back of your tongue, a bit like the wings on dry-roasted crickets.
  They must be taken from the vines while the outer shell and the seeds are very tender; otherwise they are not good.
  The seed is only toxic if the outer shell is broken or chewed open.
  They are harvested when fully ripe, the shells and seeds are removed, and the pulp compressed into ‘cakes’.
  Some of you may wonder how locals manage to work the edible kernel from its black shell within seconds, while holding a conversation.
  Synonyms
  pod, casing, case, husk, hull
  integument, cover, covering
  North American shuck
3. 1.3 The carapace of a tortoise, turtle, or terrapin.
  甲鱼壳，龟甲
  Example sentencesExamples
  The newest types of tags are attached to things like shark fins and sea turtle shells.
  Its instruments include maracas, drums, and turtle shells.
  These three main patterns are amplified by turtle shells, claves, timbales, bongos, congas, maracas and tambourines.
  Down the hall are turtle shells bearing primitive scratchings that later evolved into the elegant calligraphy you'll find one floor up.
  Many of the souvenir shop owners, however, said that their wares were old stock and that they no longer produced souvenirs made of sea turtle shells.
  Their teeth, which cut in both directions, are like razor blades, perfectly evolved for cutting through turtle shells and bone.
  We'd stroke her feet and drum our fingers gently on her shell (the tortoise equivalent of a jockey's crop).
  Jewelry is made from black coral and turtle shells.
  All three of these taxa exhibit fully developed turtle shells.
  My instinct was to crouch down and get as small as I could, like a turtle in his shell.
  If a turtle lost his shell, is he homeless, naked, or both?
  The hard carapace or upper shell of some sea turtles acts as a protection from predators.
  Thankfully the fire crew didn't need to use their cutting equipment and managed to coax the tortoise out of his shell by poking around inside.
  It's common to see bite marks on their shells which are made out of Keratin, like your fingernail.
  The bushy head vanished under the cape, like a tortoise withdrawing into its shell.
  The strange tortoise's shell is flat underneath and not rounded at the belly as usual, he says.
  Turtle shells are constructed with a layer of epidermal scutes overlying a layer of dermal bone.
  Sea turtles with shells the size of manhole covers sun themselves on the beach.
  They can withdraw from the broader culture, like a turtle under its shell.
  Dragging his shell along, the turtle continues his journey.
4. 1.4 The wing cases of a beetle.
  （甲虫的）鞘翅
  Example sentencesExamples
  My uncle drives a sleek black sports car, shiny as a beetle's shell.
  There were large piles of insect parts being piled up outside the nest, beetle shells, a bee head, dead ants.
  The best performer was chitosan - derived from chitin, the main component of crab and beetle shells.
  I peer into a stand of smoking hot woks, thinking I still have room for more, then suddenly I make out the crystallised wings and shells of dragonflies and beetles.
  For over 30 years he has been studying the shells of beetles that have been preserved for thousands, even millions of years.
5. 1.5 The integument of an insect pupa or chrysalis.
  （蛹或茧的）外皮
  Example sentencesExamples
  The last floor has a wide variety of insects, shells, and worms.
  White cobwebs hung from one corner of the shop, the occupant long since dead, molt shells from various insects scattered across the floor.
  Cheung, who said water in swimming pools was not suitable for the growth of the worms, said bloodworms with pupa shells were available to buy in Hong Kong.
  But she apologised for an omission by the assistant director who failed to disclose the discovery of pupa shells in public pools.
  When maggots have completed their development they convert their last larval skin into a puparium, a hardened shell within which the pupa develops.
6. 1.6one's shell Used with reference to a state of shyness or introversion.
  〈喻〉害羞；内向
  she'll soon come out of her shell with the right encouragement
  给她适当的鼓励，她很快就会不再羞怯的。
  Example sentencesExamples
  She's going to break out of her shell to figure out who she really is.
2An explosive artillery projectile or bomb.
炮弹；炸弹
the sound of the shell passing over, followed by the explosion
炮弹嗖的一声飞过，接着是爆炸声。
as modifier shell holes
Example sentencesExamples
- The thunder off in the distance sounded like artillery shells booming over the Verdugo Mountains.
- My medical training exposed me to what a mine, a bullet, a grenade, an artillery shell or poisonous gas could do to a body.
- Now we once again need to protect our dugouts and shelters, especially at command and control facilities, from direct hits of artillery shells and air bombs.
- There was the now-familiar sound of the artillery shells landing among the enemy positions.
- The first wave of troops crossed the bridge, and soon the air on the far side was thick with ordnance - artillery shells, mortars, bullets.
- I began to hear the familiar sound of artillery shells raining terror in the distance.
- It could also come suddenly and violently from the tooth-and-nail struggle for survival, or from German bombs and artillery shells.
- As she crossed the fields a shell exploded close to her, fracturing her legs and knocking her to the ground.
- Four streamers of artillery shells blew holes in the plain, and the infantrymen rushed towards them as they cooled, hiding in the holes that sheltered them from the gunfire.
- Nuclear warheads for a variety of tactical missiles, artillery shells, torpedoes, and other munitions also proliferated.
- Seconds later, an enemy shell hit the spot where Victor had been standing and burst, killing everyone on that side of the bridge.
- The soldiers found sarin gas in an artillery shell that exploded while bomb disposal experts were diffusing it.
- Before 1914 artillery shells had consisted mainly of shrapnel, whose airbursts were effective in mobile warfare.
- The Marines are out every day looking for the enemy, and trying to round up the old artillery shells used to make the deadly car bombs.
- In the war in Eastern Europe, the harsh climate competed successfully with artillery shells and bullets in killing people.
- Hollywood prefers lots of flames when grenades or artillery shells go off.
- They provide the explosive force delivered by hand grenades, bombs, and artillery shells.
- At least 400 to 500 persons were at the scene of the church this morning when the mortar shells fell on the building of the church.
- Included were artillery shells, phosphorous flares, mortars, incendiaries and cluster bombs.
- Chemical agents can be delivered in artillery shells or missiles, by aerial bombing, or by spraying.
Synonyms
projectile, bomb
grenade
bullet, cartridge, shot
rare trajectile
1. 2.1 A hollow metal or paper case used as a container for fireworks, explosives, or cartridges.
  烟花筒；弹壳；弹药筒
  Example sentencesExamples
  Exploding shells - initially hollow metal spheres filled with gunpowder - were first introduced in the second half of the 16th century.
  This will be cabled through this to a network system of modules that are then wired into the fireworks shells.
  Some shells contain explosives designed to crackle in the sky, or whistles that explode outward with the stars.
  The shells contain silver iodide, explosives and gunpowder.
  Simple shells consist of a paper tube filled with stars and black powder.
  Fiocchi paper shells will be available in early spring in 12-gauge trap, sporting clays and skeet loads.
  The shotgun shell box is heartwarming to anyone who has shot paper shells; the old time styling looks good on the desk and in the shooting bag.
  Its shells contain fuel-air explosives that on detonation form a ball of fire, creating a powerful blast effect.
2. 2.2North American A cartridge.
  〈北美〉子弹
  Example sentencesExamples
  On the other hand, I have heard good-old-boys call rifle and handgun rounds shells.
  He shouted as he darted around and blasted several rounds of hot shells into the darkness, but suddenly, Saints took this chance and began firing.
  We carried semi-automatic rifles and shotguns with hollow point shells designed to pierce a boarder's hull right below the water line.
  Synonyms
  bullet, cartridge, shot
3Something resembling or likened to a shell because of its shape or its function as an outer case.
壳状物
pasta shells
贝壳形意式面。
baked pastry shells filled with cheese
酥皮奶酪馅饼。
Example sentencesExamples
- Instead of stuffing pasta shells with cheese, use tofu or even soy cheese.
- Pour this mixture into your pastry shell and place back into the oven for a further half an hour.
- Of the latter I sampled Baked Tortellini Vegetariana, a mixture of pasta shells, spinach, egg, cream and white cheese.
- Cut out a piece of greaseproof or parchment paper to put into the pastry shell and fill with beans (any old beans, rice or pasta).
- I had set to the task of making approximately 350 small choux pastry shells.
- He knew he wouldn't survive long before he crawled back to his cassette collection, central heating, and ready-to-eat pasta shells in spicy tomato sauce.
- Using pastry bags, fill bottom half of shell with sweet potato mousse, fill top half of shell with parsnip pastry cream and top with chocolate glaze.
- Pour the mixture into the pie shell and bake at 350F for 12 minutes to set the yolks and kill any salmonella in the eggs.
- The pastry shell (one inch deep) is baked in an oven at 180°C for 10 minutes.
- A godsend is that the pastry shell does not need to be pre-baked.
- With its fresh, cheese-stuffed pasta shells drizzled with a sauce that is rich but not overpowering, these miniature crescents are very tasty indeed.
- Pour mixture into the tart shell and bake at 150C for 25-30 mins or until filling is set.
- Fred runs and gets some pasta shells and cheese to feed his drivers from the officers' tent where the major has already begun to tend to the wounded.
- When they were cool, I melted 40 g of Valrhona baking chocolate in the microwave and glazed the shells using a pastry brush.
- A hockey helmet consists of a shell, a foam lining and an optional face shield, cage, or combination visor and cage.
- Place the mixed ingredients into the pie shell and cover with pastry.
- Put into the tart shell, and bake at 100C for an hour.
- Prepare the pastry shell to bake blind - line with a piece of greaseproof or parchment paper and fill with beans.
- Fill the shell with batter and pour into the hot oil to make jalebis.
- Quesadillas are good too, made with one of those big flour shells lined with meat or veggies and cheese, and flattened in the press.
1. 3.1 The walls of an unfinished or gutted building or other structure.
  （建筑物的）壳体，空壳
  the hotel was a shell, the roof having collapsed completely
  旅馆成了废空壳，屋顶完全倒塌了。
  Example sentencesExamples
  Now the government buildings are burned-out shells.
  The building is a mere shell - cement-block walls, tin roof, benches inside, bare floor.
  The shell of the building could then be completed (if funds come in) within 12 months.
  To my right were buildings with their first floors torn apart or gutted by fire, but the shells of the buildings still stood.
  If driving gets dull, you can always get out of the car and run around town a little, though most of the buildings are just shells and can't be entered.
  The building was a shell with the roof having fallen in and walls caving in.
  Several Union attacks had turned the once towering buildings to empty shells, not fit to live in.
  Only the shells of the original building still stand.
  In this ‘ruined town with its shells of buildings half-visible through the drifting smoke’, he set about organizing the evacuation of his men.
  The charred shell of this once-fine building has for too long been a blot on the landscape, holding back the regeneration of the streets around it.
  But last night only the burned-out shell of the building was left.
  In the centre of the castle stands an empty shell of a building.
  Speaking this week local councillor Robert Cormack said the Grade II listed house was now a shell and a large west window had been blown in.
  The buildings are shells with walls covered in mildew and grass growing through the floors as high as the ceilings.
  The shell of the building will now be preserved and redeveloped under a previous approval into five shops and 12 offices.
  Situated in Leicester Square, in the shell of the collapsed superclub Home, the new Marquee couldn't appear more different from the original.
  The beauty of remodeling a garage is that the shell of the building - often with both electricity and plumbing - already exists.
  It is contractor for the building shell at a cost of $951,000.
  I turned in her direction, and behind her, through the doorframe of a burned-out shell of a building, I saw them.
  Now, a bare shell of a building is all that remains.
2. 3.2 An outer form without substance.
  〈喻〉空躯壳
  he was a shell of the man he had been previously
  他已经不是过去的他了，成了一副空躯壳。
  Example sentencesExamples
  Soon she would be dead, the empty shell of her body to be left crumpled in the dirt.
  It is a nursery of humanity that cares for blending values with education, moulds character with learning and supplies substance to the shell of symbols.
  He sucked out their very essence, and they died instantly, leaving just empty shells of bodies behind.
  It is a living, dynamic process which must be worked at by you yourself - or it ceases to be democracy, even if the shell and form remains.
  He felt like an empty shell, without substance or energy.
4The metal framework of a vehicle body.
（车身的）外壳
Example sentencesExamples
- Dennis pushed open the heavy hatch and crawled up onto the rough shell of the armored vehicle.
- Massive coils of finished steel, ready to be turned into the shells of automobiles at Ford's facilities, were showing up without notice.
- As they closed a hatch, a dozen of men appeared on the platform, but their blasters could not do any harm to the metal shell of the vehicle.
- We passed several more smoking shells of vehicles destroyed by the resistance - more fuel tankers, more blasted APCs.
- Even when the shell of a vehicle already exists, as it did in this case, the vehicle-design schedule traditionally spans about three years.
- There's also reasonable boot space inside the compact shell.
- And also because, beneath its subtle shell, the car seems built to withstand impact from a meteor the size of Scotland.
- Some of this handling panache is a by-product of the roll cage, which is installed while the car is still a bare shell.
- Doyle approached a cop who had examined the charred shell of the limo and asked him what might have happened.
- Ferner's boat, for instance, uses the shell of a Volkswagen station wagon for a cabin.
- Fuel cell vehicles were everywhere, some exotic and others covered with unobtrusive shells that could have just rolled off a production line.
- He turned, motioning toward Lady Grey who waited a few feet away, leaning against the battered shell of a rusted vehicle.
Synonyms
framework, frame, chassis, skeleton, basic structure
hull, exterior
5A light racing boat.
轻型赛艇
Example sentencesExamples
- The Italian boatbuilder was founded in 1980 and has since anchored a spot in the market of top quality racing shells.
- As I row in my racing shell, I flash back to Muller's words.
- The classic built-for-speed vessel is the racing shell because its human cargo is also its engine.
- The attic has been used as a spot to store rowing shells and equipment since 1989.
- Rowing equipment is costly - an eight man sweeping boat, the largest of rowing shells, runs in around $28,000.
- The glow from the rising sun reflects off the sleek rowing shells as they glide on the Mississippi River.
6An inner or roughly made coffin.
内棺；粗制棺材
7The hand guard of a sword.
（剑的）护手
8Physics
Each of a set of orbitals around the nucleus of an atom, occupied or able to be occupied by electrons of similar energies.
〔物理〕壳层
in a multi-electron atom, the lowest energy shells fill up first
an electron descending from one shell to a lower one emits an X-ray
Example sentencesExamples
- Nuclei with full shells of protons, neutrons, or both are said to have magic numbers and, if unexcited, are usually spherical.
- The higher the atomic number, the more shells and electrons an atom will have.
- Around each atomic nucleus, electrons occupy energy levels termed shells.
- Since it takes eight electrons to fill the electron shell, a silicon atom is continually looking for four electrons to bond with.
- At this time, the maximum number of electron orbitals or electron shells for any element is seven.
9Computing
short for shell program
Example sentencesExamples
- On the write-in side, a collection of text editors and shells claimed most of the votes.
- Thus far, you have an FTP client and a shell busily tidying up your home directory.
- To be truly productive with Linux, you need to thoroughly master the shells and the command line.
- All UNIX / Linux shells support output redirection using the same syntax.
- By expanding the ping hack in the source code, a custom firmware image can be created with the full power of a Linux shell over the Web interface.

verb ʃɛlʃɛl

[with object]

1Bombard with shells.
炮轰
several villages north of the security zone were shelled
Example sentencesExamples
- But Sydney harbour, in New South Wales, was attacked by midget submarines and further north Newcastle was shelled by their bigger brethren, although with few casualties.
- We had no more desire to be shelled by Allied than by German guns.
- Hospitals have been shelled and assaulted by gun fire and rockets.
- He saw hundreds upon hundreds of ships moving toward the coast of France and when he approached the target area, he could see their big Naval guns shelling the coast.
- But they knew our gun positions and they shelled us as they drew nearer.
- They were also continuously shelled by 82 mm mortars.
- In 1918, the gun shelled Paris from a distance of 110 kilometers away.
- Before being relived by the 94th Infantry later that day, the 5th Ranger Battalion was shelled one more time with some casualties taken.
- In the heat of battle no gunnery officer had the time to consult a table before aiming at an incoming bomber or shelling an enemy position.
- Almost 200,000 men working more than 5,000 ships of all kinds shelled the beaches and transported five divisions to designated landing sites.
- We have as much right to shell the enemy army's central headquarters as to shell its frontline positions.
- This prevented another bombardment of Henderson Field by the Japanese battleships, but that night their cruisers shelled it heavily.
- US marines used amphibious assault vehicles to surround clusters of low, crude concrete buildings and shell nearby tanks.
- Four ships, two of them Clyde-built, were shelled heavily by communist forces during the episode, and 45 Royal Navy and Royal Marines personnel were killed.
- At the height of the battle on the Western Front during World War 1, the Germans shelled Allied front line positions at the rate of 3000 per hour.
- The time of flight of a bomb is longer than that of a shell and mortar fire is therefore subject to greater meteorological variation, making it less accurate than shelling by guns or howitzers and less likely to hit a moving target.
- The tanks, their allies, which had almost turned on them, spilled their fire and shelled positions beyond the thin clump of woodland.
- One of 1,500 Canadians who lost their lives in the Falaise Gap, Steele died instantly when his tank was shelled by the Germans.
- He would not have remained in the city even if the story that his own men were spreading were true, that a half-dozen assassins possibly capable of shelling the Soviet Embassy were in the vicinity.
- At the siege of Metz in 1944, during the liberation of France, for example, heavy coast artillery pieces and field guns shelled the fortresses there.
Synonyms
bombard, fire on, open fire on, shoot at, attack, pound, bomb, blitz, strafe
archaic cannonade
1. 1.1Baseball Score heavily against (an opposing pitcher or team)
  〔棒球〕从（对方投手或球队）大量得分
  Williams got shelled in the next inning
  Example sentencesExamples
  It is no more a sign of weakness to change leadership in wartime if success depends on it than it is to remove a baseball pitcher who is getting shelled in order to prevent the game from becoming hopelessly lost.
  He was shelled in his final outing, lasting less than two innings, then missed the play-offs with a freak knee injury.
  He was a huge disappointment this year, getting shelled this spring and then at AAA.
  Tonight, against a team that got shelled 7-1 last night, they come out flat, give up two goals in 2 minutes and then proceed to do NOTHING for a whole game.
  The right-hander was desperately trying to figure out why he was constantly being shelled last season.
2Remove the shell or pod from (a nut or seed)
剥壳；脱壳；脱粒
they were shelling peas
他们在剥豌豆。
shelled Brazil nuts
去壳巴西果。
Example sentencesExamples
- When choosing shelled pecans, look for plump, not wrinkled ones.
- Like him, I sat for ages removing all those fiddly little stalks, or shelling peas and beans.
- Why, even while watching television he shells walnuts.
- My first memories are of sitting in the kitchen shelling peas and listening to my great-grandmother telling stories.
- But tonight, I had shelled hazelnuts with raisins.
- A small girl has been helping the maid with some such task as shelling peas in an outhouse, since as they emerge hand-in-hand the child carries the pods or husks in her apron.
- But one day, two years after his wedding, while lounging in a deckchair, shelling peanuts on an October afternoon, Sharma was startled by a premonition.
- Then some students had to stop shelling peanuts for a while to experience what it feels like to not have food security.
- Mama Emmy kept shelling peas, but her attention was on her granddaughter.
- Because lipomas generally do not infiltrate into surrounding tissue, they can be shelled out easily during excision.
- The cells similarly fire when the monkeys observe a person shelling peanuts and then hear peanut shells being broken apart.
- I had once wondered how pistachio things got their pistachio flavor - it seemed unlikely that it was from grinding shelled pistachios - and a brief research led me to pistachio paste.
- If you must reach for high-fat snacks, pick ones that require a little legwork, such as shelled peanuts or air-popped popcorn you have to make yourself.
- Substitute shelled pistachios for nuts in any recipe you fancy.
- Green nuts are shelled, boiled to mellow the flavour, and sun dried.
- Most of the trulli are still people's homes - as evidenced by the women shelling peas on the front stoops.
- Seeds were shelled, frozen in liquid nitrogen, and stored at - 80°C.
- Peas, I suppose, are not a fruit within the meaning of the act, but sitting on the back doorstep in the cool of the evening, shelling peas into a basin, was one of the small delights of summer.
- I have witnessed expats shelling seeds with ease so, although I can't speak from experience, I know that it can be done.
- He approaches the task with the same zest with which he shelled the pistachios that came with the pre-lunch beers.
Synonyms
extract
husk, hull, pod
North American shuck

Phrasal Verbs

shell something out

Pay (a specified amount of money, especially one regarded as excessive)
〈非正式〉付款（尤指付因认为过多而不愿付的款）
he has had to shell out £500 a week hiring a bodyguard
他得每周付出500英镑雇佣一个保镖。
she ended up shelling out for two rooms
Example sentencesExamples
- At the top level, thousands of pounds are shelled out by ambitious team owners to ensure the right outcome of a match.
- The government claims it paid more than $200 million for this project five years ago, but a recent government audit shows tax dollars were shelled out for work that was never done.
- My power problem got me thinking that I need to be one of those guys who makes the money, instead of shelling it out all the time.
- Reading only the advertisements, you'd be forgiven for thinking it was a magazine aimed at home buyers - about 80% of the advertising revenue has been shelled out by builders.
Synonyms
make payment, pay, settle up, pay in full, meet one's obligations, come up with the money
pay, spend, expend, pay out, lay out, part with, disburse, hand over, remit, render

Derivatives

shell-less

adjective

It is a small and monophyletic taxon of marine, shell-less molluscs.
Example sentencesExamples
- It provides the same warmth as 8-oz. fleece bur is less bulky, compresses down to a smaller pack space, breathes better, and evaporates sweat faster during shell-less aerobic activities.
- And then what about those that have actually decided to get so advanced with their sensory organs that they can actually discard the shell and become shell-less molluscs.
- See, if cakes can be flourless, prawns can be shell-less!
- Take time for the little things in life: Scour the reef for tiny iridescent nudibranchs, the shell-less underwater snail cousins that are prolific in Hawaii.

shelly

adjective

Certainly the Cambrian record is deeply biased in favour of shelly fossils, as revealed by the exceptionally preserved Burgess Shale and Chengjiang biotas, where the vast majority of taxa and individuals were non-biomineralizing.
Example sentencesExamples
- These differences, including the apparent absence of skeletal lamination in the small shelly fossils, suggest that assessments of the phylogenetic affinities of conulariids should also consider microstructural characters.
- This reasoning is used here to hypothesize about the body plans of the oldest animals, which were not represented in the Ediacaran biota or among the earliest Cambrian ‘small shelly fossils.’
- In addition to typical Ediacaran taxa, such as the cosmopolitan Pteridinium, the shelly fossil Cloudina first appears slightly below the earliest Ediacaran fossils, extends throughout the Ediacaran range, and into the Cambrian.
- The early Cambrian fossil record is characterized by unique skeletal assemblages that include the spongelike archaeocyathans and a number of mostly problematic small skeletal elements, known collectively as small shelly fossils.

shellproof

adjectiveˈʃɛlpruːfˈʃɛlpruf

Strong enough to resist the effects of blast from a shell or bomb.
the tunnel was shellproof

Origin

Old English scell (noun), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch schel 'scale, shell', also to scale¹. The verb dates from the mid 16th century in sense 2 of the verb.

The Old English scell is Germanic in origin, related to Dutch schel ‘scale, shell’ and English scale. Use of the word as a term for an explosive projectile dates from the mid 17th century, suggested by the metal protective casing for the powder. Shell shock dates from the First World War. The notion of a shell as a place to which to withdraw (go into one's shell) dates from the early 19th century.

Rhymes

Adele, Aix-la-Chapelle, aquarelle, artel, au naturel, bagatelle, béchamel, befell, bell, belle, boatel, Brunel, Cadell, carousel, cartel, cell, Chanel, chanterelle, clientele, Clonmel, compel, Cornell, crime passionnel, dell, demoiselle, dispel, dwell, el, ell, Estelle, excel, expel, farewell, fell, Fidel, fontanelle, foretell, Gabrielle, gazelle, gel, Giselle, hell, hotel, impel, knell, lapel, mademoiselle, maître d'hôtel, Manuel, marcel, matériel, mesdemoiselles, Michel, Michelle, Miguel, misspell, morel, moschatel, Moselle, motel, muscatel, nacelle, Nell, Nobel, Noel, organelle, outsell, Parnell, pell-mell, personnel, propel, quell, quenelle, rappel, Raquel, Ravel, rebel, repel, Rochelle, Sahel, sardelle, sell, show-and-tell, smell, Snell, spell, spinel, swell, tell, undersell, vielle, villanelle, well, yell

Definition of shell in US English:

shell

nounSHelʃɛl

1The hard protective outer case of a mollusk or crustacean.
（软体或甲壳纲动物的）壳
cowrie shells
宝贝壳。
the technique of carving shell
壳雕技术。
Example sentencesExamples
- In addition to fragments of at least four tripod cauldrons, the tomb also yielded a number of marine shells and two possible animal bone fragments.
- The primitive man initially used berries, nuts, seeds, feathers, perforated stones, teeth, and shells as ornaments.
- The fossiliferous horizons occur in greenish to greyish siltstones and brown to black fissile shales associated with mollusc shells.
- A little of this can benefit marine life by providing carbonate ions - a vital constituent in the biochemical process by which sea creatures such as corals and molluscs build their shells.
- They require no soil and are secured to driftwood, shells or bark (using special glue), capturing nutrients and moisture from the air.
- Polysaccharides are also used in the shells of such crustaceans as crabs and lobsters (chitin).
- Instead of the usual facepiece made of mesh and covered with cowry shells, this one is made from a radiator grid and covered with sparkplugs.
- We sat there for perhaps half an hour, watching the yachts go sailing by, collecting hundreds of the perfect unbroken shells to fill jars for my bathroom window ledge.
- On top of them put some natural objects such as shells, pebbles, leaves, fruit, flowers or plants or bonsai (not dead or artificial).
- Marine invertebrates with hard shells and skeletons of chitin or lime are more conducive to fossil preservation than soft-bodied creatures.
- I also use precious materials, like pearl, and other things, like polished shells and seeds.
- Boulders are infested with black tree corals, mussels, cowrie shells, soft and hard corals and ascidians.
- Mollusc shells are made primarily of calcium carbonate, with traces of strontium and other elements.
- Another theory is that because ammonoids grew faster and had thinner shells, the shells were not as strong as those of the nautilus.
- They are cousins of seashells, but instead of having a protective shell, most of them are poisonous.
- Her range of styles is unified by her use of shells, seeds and feathers.
- To play the game, there are a variety of options, tamarind seeds, cowrie shells, beads, even small stones as affordability waxes and wanes.
- Seeds, shells, and fresh flowers are woven into necklaces by both sexes.
- However, people severely allergic to shellfish should avoid glucosamine, which is made from the shells of crustaceans.
- The beach sands are dominated by shells of bivalve mollusks, mainly venerids, gastropods, and echinoderms.
Synonyms
carapace, outside, exterior
1. 1.1 The thin outer covering of an animal's egg, which is hard and fragile in that of a bird but leathery in that of a reptile.
  蛋壳
  Example sentencesExamples
  Twelve weeks after they are laid, the hatchling turtles emerge from their shells and make for the sea.
  On the twenty-first day, the chick, now fully developed, starts to break through his thin shell.
  She considered a moment and transferred the animal from the shell to her hand.
  The ground was dug up and strewn with white, leathery shells - remnants of about ten eggs, near as I could tell.
  This one hatched faster than the first, fierce little claws punching through the fragile shell and scrabbling to get free.
  DDT does not directly kill birds but rather thins the shells of their eggs.
  The female will lay only 4 to 10 eggs, which have leathery shells.
  The fact that the age of many B. rosea shells exceeds 200 years is unexpected given the widely stated fragility of brachiopod shells.
  As the birds accumulated the toxins in their fat reserves, the shells in their clutches thinned and broke easily, or never hatched.
2. 1.2 The outer case of a nut kernel or seed.
  果壳；荚
  Example sentencesExamples
  The seed is only toxic if the outer shell is broken or chewed open.
  They are harvested when fully ripe, the shells and seeds are removed, and the pulp compressed into ‘cakes’.
  Crack a handful of whole new season's walnuts, remove the kernels from the shells and halve them and quarter.
  Remove the shell of the seeds and cut chicken into small cubes.
  This is one of my favorite birds, and they love to eat nuts of any sort in or out of the shell as well as mealworms, sunflower seeds, suet and pumpkin seeds.
  They must be taken from the vines while the outer shell and the seeds are very tender; otherwise they are not good.
  For those who have never eaten hemp seeds, the shells catch on the back of your tongue, a bit like the wings on dry-roasted crickets.
  Typical food processing jobs include peeling nutmeg shells and sorting the seeds, and washing bananas and other produce.
  Some of you may wonder how locals manage to work the edible kernel from its black shell within seconds, while holding a conversation.
  Synonyms
  pod, casing, case, husk, hull
3. 1.3 The carapace of a tortoise, turtle, or terrapin.
  甲鱼壳，龟甲
  Example sentencesExamples
  The hard carapace or upper shell of some sea turtles acts as a protection from predators.
  If a turtle lost his shell, is he homeless, naked, or both?
  Its instruments include maracas, drums, and turtle shells.
  They can withdraw from the broader culture, like a turtle under its shell.
  These three main patterns are amplified by turtle shells, claves, timbales, bongos, congas, maracas and tambourines.
  The strange tortoise's shell is flat underneath and not rounded at the belly as usual, he says.
  Dragging his shell along, the turtle continues his journey.
  Their teeth, which cut in both directions, are like razor blades, perfectly evolved for cutting through turtle shells and bone.
  All three of these taxa exhibit fully developed turtle shells.
  Sea turtles with shells the size of manhole covers sun themselves on the beach.
  We'd stroke her feet and drum our fingers gently on her shell (the tortoise equivalent of a jockey's crop).
  The bushy head vanished under the cape, like a tortoise withdrawing into its shell.
  Thankfully the fire crew didn't need to use their cutting equipment and managed to coax the tortoise out of his shell by poking around inside.
  Jewelry is made from black coral and turtle shells.
  Down the hall are turtle shells bearing primitive scratchings that later evolved into the elegant calligraphy you'll find one floor up.
  My instinct was to crouch down and get as small as I could, like a turtle in his shell.
  It's common to see bite marks on their shells which are made out of Keratin, like your fingernail.
  Many of the souvenir shop owners, however, said that their wares were old stock and that they no longer produced souvenirs made of sea turtle shells.
  Turtle shells are constructed with a layer of epidermal scutes overlying a layer of dermal bone.
  The newest types of tags are attached to things like shark fins and sea turtle shells.
4. 1.4 The wing cases of a beetle.
  （甲虫的）鞘翅
  Example sentencesExamples
  My uncle drives a sleek black sports car, shiny as a beetle's shell.
  I peer into a stand of smoking hot woks, thinking I still have room for more, then suddenly I make out the crystallised wings and shells of dragonflies and beetles.
  The best performer was chitosan - derived from chitin, the main component of crab and beetle shells.
  There were large piles of insect parts being piled up outside the nest, beetle shells, a bee head, dead ants.
  For over 30 years he has been studying the shells of beetles that have been preserved for thousands, even millions of years.
5. 1.5 The integument of an insect pupa or chrysalis.
  （蛹或茧的）外皮
  Example sentencesExamples
  When maggots have completed their development they convert their last larval skin into a puparium, a hardened shell within which the pupa develops.
  The last floor has a wide variety of insects, shells, and worms.
  But she apologised for an omission by the assistant director who failed to disclose the discovery of pupa shells in public pools.
  White cobwebs hung from one corner of the shop, the occupant long since dead, molt shells from various insects scattered across the floor.
  Cheung, who said water in swimming pools was not suitable for the growth of the worms, said bloodworms with pupa shells were available to buy in Hong Kong.
6. 1.6one's shell Used with reference to a state of shyness or introversion.
  〈喻〉害羞；内向
  she'll soon come out of her shell with the right encouragement
  给她适当的鼓励，她很快就会不再羞怯的。
  Example sentencesExamples
  She's going to break out of her shell to figure out who she really is.
2An explosive artillery projectile or bomb.
炮弹；炸弹
the sound of the shell passing over, followed by the explosion
炮弹嗖的一声飞过，接着是爆炸声。
as modifier shell holes
Example sentencesExamples
- Included were artillery shells, phosphorous flares, mortars, incendiaries and cluster bombs.
- The first wave of troops crossed the bridge, and soon the air on the far side was thick with ordnance - artillery shells, mortars, bullets.
- Four streamers of artillery shells blew holes in the plain, and the infantrymen rushed towards them as they cooled, hiding in the holes that sheltered them from the gunfire.
- There was the now-familiar sound of the artillery shells landing among the enemy positions.
- Nuclear warheads for a variety of tactical missiles, artillery shells, torpedoes, and other munitions also proliferated.
- The thunder off in the distance sounded like artillery shells booming over the Verdugo Mountains.
- At least 400 to 500 persons were at the scene of the church this morning when the mortar shells fell on the building of the church.
- Now we once again need to protect our dugouts and shelters, especially at command and control facilities, from direct hits of artillery shells and air bombs.
- As she crossed the fields a shell exploded close to her, fracturing her legs and knocking her to the ground.
- They provide the explosive force delivered by hand grenades, bombs, and artillery shells.
- Hollywood prefers lots of flames when grenades or artillery shells go off.
- Seconds later, an enemy shell hit the spot where Victor had been standing and burst, killing everyone on that side of the bridge.
- Chemical agents can be delivered in artillery shells or missiles, by aerial bombing, or by spraying.
- The Marines are out every day looking for the enemy, and trying to round up the old artillery shells used to make the deadly car bombs.
- Before 1914 artillery shells had consisted mainly of shrapnel, whose airbursts were effective in mobile warfare.
- The soldiers found sarin gas in an artillery shell that exploded while bomb disposal experts were diffusing it.
- It could also come suddenly and violently from the tooth-and-nail struggle for survival, or from German bombs and artillery shells.
- In the war in Eastern Europe, the harsh climate competed successfully with artillery shells and bullets in killing people.
- I began to hear the familiar sound of artillery shells raining terror in the distance.
- My medical training exposed me to what a mine, a bullet, a grenade, an artillery shell or poisonous gas could do to a body.
Synonyms
projectile, bomb
1. 2.1 A hollow metal or paper case used as a container for fireworks, explosives, or cartridges.
  烟花筒；弹壳；弹药筒
  Example sentencesExamples
  Exploding shells - initially hollow metal spheres filled with gunpowder - were first introduced in the second half of the 16th century.
  This will be cabled through this to a network system of modules that are then wired into the fireworks shells.
  Some shells contain explosives designed to crackle in the sky, or whistles that explode outward with the stars.
  Its shells contain fuel-air explosives that on detonation form a ball of fire, creating a powerful blast effect.
  The shells contain silver iodide, explosives and gunpowder.
  Fiocchi paper shells will be available in early spring in 12-gauge trap, sporting clays and skeet loads.
  Simple shells consist of a paper tube filled with stars and black powder.
  The shotgun shell box is heartwarming to anyone who has shot paper shells; the old time styling looks good on the desk and in the shooting bag.
2. 2.2North American A cartridge.
  〈北美〉子弹
  Example sentencesExamples
  On the other hand, I have heard good-old-boys call rifle and handgun rounds shells.
  He shouted as he darted around and blasted several rounds of hot shells into the darkness, but suddenly, Saints took this chance and began firing.
  We carried semi-automatic rifles and shotguns with hollow point shells designed to pierce a boarder's hull right below the water line.
  Synonyms
  bullet, cartridge, shot
3Something resembling or likened to a shell because of its shape or its function as an outer case.
壳状物
pasta shells
贝壳形意式面。
baked pastry shells filled with cheese
酥皮奶酪馅饼。
Example sentencesExamples
- Pour this mixture into your pastry shell and place back into the oven for a further half an hour.
- Pour the mixture into the pie shell and bake at 350F for 12 minutes to set the yolks and kill any salmonella in the eggs.
- With its fresh, cheese-stuffed pasta shells drizzled with a sauce that is rich but not overpowering, these miniature crescents are very tasty indeed.
- The pastry shell (one inch deep) is baked in an oven at 180°C for 10 minutes.
- Instead of stuffing pasta shells with cheese, use tofu or even soy cheese.
- Pour mixture into the tart shell and bake at 150C for 25-30 mins or until filling is set.
- Prepare the pastry shell to bake blind - line with a piece of greaseproof or parchment paper and fill with beans.
- A hockey helmet consists of a shell, a foam lining and an optional face shield, cage, or combination visor and cage.
- Using pastry bags, fill bottom half of shell with sweet potato mousse, fill top half of shell with parsnip pastry cream and top with chocolate glaze.
- Place the mixed ingredients into the pie shell and cover with pastry.
- Cut out a piece of greaseproof or parchment paper to put into the pastry shell and fill with beans (any old beans, rice or pasta).
- Of the latter I sampled Baked Tortellini Vegetariana, a mixture of pasta shells, spinach, egg, cream and white cheese.
- When they were cool, I melted 40 g of Valrhona baking chocolate in the microwave and glazed the shells using a pastry brush.
- Fill the shell with batter and pour into the hot oil to make jalebis.
- Quesadillas are good too, made with one of those big flour shells lined with meat or veggies and cheese, and flattened in the press.
- A godsend is that the pastry shell does not need to be pre-baked.
- He knew he wouldn't survive long before he crawled back to his cassette collection, central heating, and ready-to-eat pasta shells in spicy tomato sauce.
- Fred runs and gets some pasta shells and cheese to feed his drivers from the officers' tent where the major has already begun to tend to the wounded.
- Put into the tart shell, and bake at 100C for an hour.
- I had set to the task of making approximately 350 small choux pastry shells.
1. 3.1 The walls of an unfinished or gutted building or other structure.
  （建筑物的）壳体，空壳
  the hotel was a shell, the roof having collapsed completely
  旅馆成了废空壳，屋顶完全倒塌了。
  Example sentencesExamples
  The charred shell of this once-fine building has for too long been a blot on the landscape, holding back the regeneration of the streets around it.
  The buildings are shells with walls covered in mildew and grass growing through the floors as high as the ceilings.
  The building is a mere shell - cement-block walls, tin roof, benches inside, bare floor.
  Only the shells of the original building still stand.
  Several Union attacks had turned the once towering buildings to empty shells, not fit to live in.
  To my right were buildings with their first floors torn apart or gutted by fire, but the shells of the buildings still stood.
  Now the government buildings are burned-out shells.
  In this ‘ruined town with its shells of buildings half-visible through the drifting smoke’, he set about organizing the evacuation of his men.
  The shell of the building could then be completed (if funds come in) within 12 months.
  Situated in Leicester Square, in the shell of the collapsed superclub Home, the new Marquee couldn't appear more different from the original.
  The beauty of remodeling a garage is that the shell of the building - often with both electricity and plumbing - already exists.
  The building was a shell with the roof having fallen in and walls caving in.
  If driving gets dull, you can always get out of the car and run around town a little, though most of the buildings are just shells and can't be entered.
  In the centre of the castle stands an empty shell of a building.
  But last night only the burned-out shell of the building was left.
  I turned in her direction, and behind her, through the doorframe of a burned-out shell of a building, I saw them.
  The shell of the building will now be preserved and redeveloped under a previous approval into five shops and 12 offices.
  Speaking this week local councillor Robert Cormack said the Grade II listed house was now a shell and a large west window had been blown in.
  It is contractor for the building shell at a cost of $951,000.
  Now, a bare shell of a building is all that remains.
2. 3.2 An outer form without substance.
  〈喻〉空躯壳
  he was a shell of the man he had been previously
  他已经不是过去的他了，成了一副空躯壳。
  Example sentencesExamples
  He sucked out their very essence, and they died instantly, leaving just empty shells of bodies behind.
  It is a living, dynamic process which must be worked at by you yourself - or it ceases to be democracy, even if the shell and form remains.
  It is a nursery of humanity that cares for blending values with education, moulds character with learning and supplies substance to the shell of symbols.
  Soon she would be dead, the empty shell of her body to be left crumpled in the dirt.
  He felt like an empty shell, without substance or energy.
4The metal framework of a vehicle body.
（车身的）外壳
Example sentencesExamples
- As they closed a hatch, a dozen of men appeared on the platform, but their blasters could not do any harm to the metal shell of the vehicle.
- Even when the shell of a vehicle already exists, as it did in this case, the vehicle-design schedule traditionally spans about three years.
- And also because, beneath its subtle shell, the car seems built to withstand impact from a meteor the size of Scotland.
- We passed several more smoking shells of vehicles destroyed by the resistance - more fuel tankers, more blasted APCs.
- Fuel cell vehicles were everywhere, some exotic and others covered with unobtrusive shells that could have just rolled off a production line.
- Some of this handling panache is a by-product of the roll cage, which is installed while the car is still a bare shell.
- He turned, motioning toward Lady Grey who waited a few feet away, leaning against the battered shell of a rusted vehicle.
- Doyle approached a cop who had examined the charred shell of the limo and asked him what might have happened.
- Massive coils of finished steel, ready to be turned into the shells of automobiles at Ford's facilities, were showing up without notice.
- Dennis pushed open the heavy hatch and crawled up onto the rough shell of the armored vehicle.
- Ferner's boat, for instance, uses the shell of a Volkswagen station wagon for a cabin.
- There's also reasonable boot space inside the compact shell.
Synonyms
framework, frame, chassis, skeleton, basic structure
5A light racing boat used in the sport of crew.
Example sentencesExamples
- Rowing equipment is costly - an eight man sweeping boat, the largest of rowing shells, runs in around $28,000.
- The glow from the rising sun reflects off the sleek rowing shells as they glide on the Mississippi River.
- The attic has been used as a spot to store rowing shells and equipment since 1989.
- As I row in my racing shell, I flash back to Muller's words.
- The Italian boatbuilder was founded in 1980 and has since anchored a spot in the market of top quality racing shells.
- The classic built-for-speed vessel is the racing shell because its human cargo is also its engine.
6An inner or roughly made coffin.
内棺；粗制棺材
7The hand guard of a sword.
（剑的）护手
8Physics
Each of a set of orbitals around the nucleus of an atom, occupied or able to be occupied by electrons of similar energies.
〔物理〕壳层
Example sentencesExamples
- Around each atomic nucleus, electrons occupy energy levels termed shells.
- At this time, the maximum number of electron orbitals or electron shells for any element is seven.
- The higher the atomic number, the more shells and electrons an atom will have.
- Since it takes eight electrons to fill the electron shell, a silicon atom is continually looking for four electrons to bond with.
- Nuclei with full shells of protons, neutrons, or both are said to have magic numbers and, if unexcited, are usually spherical.
9Computing
short for shell program
Example sentencesExamples
- On the write-in side, a collection of text editors and shells claimed most of the votes.
- All UNIX / Linux shells support output redirection using the same syntax.
- By expanding the ping hack in the source code, a custom firmware image can be created with the full power of a Linux shell over the Web interface.
- Thus far, you have an FTP client and a shell busily tidying up your home directory.
- To be truly productive with Linux, you need to thoroughly master the shells and the command line.

verbSHelʃɛl

1with object Bombard with shells.
炮轰
the guns started shelling their positions
大炮开始轰击他们的阵地。
Example sentencesExamples
- We have as much right to shell the enemy army's central headquarters as to shell its frontline positions.
- Before being relived by the 94th Infantry later that day, the 5th Ranger Battalion was shelled one more time with some casualties taken.
- We had no more desire to be shelled by Allied than by German guns.
- The time of flight of a bomb is longer than that of a shell and mortar fire is therefore subject to greater meteorological variation, making it less accurate than shelling by guns or howitzers and less likely to hit a moving target.
- At the height of the battle on the Western Front during World War 1, the Germans shelled Allied front line positions at the rate of 3000 per hour.
- This prevented another bombardment of Henderson Field by the Japanese battleships, but that night their cruisers shelled it heavily.
- He saw hundreds upon hundreds of ships moving toward the coast of France and when he approached the target area, he could see their big Naval guns shelling the coast.
- He would not have remained in the city even if the story that his own men were spreading were true, that a half-dozen assassins possibly capable of shelling the Soviet Embassy were in the vicinity.
- But they knew our gun positions and they shelled us as they drew nearer.
- In the heat of battle no gunnery officer had the time to consult a table before aiming at an incoming bomber or shelling an enemy position.
- But Sydney harbour, in New South Wales, was attacked by midget submarines and further north Newcastle was shelled by their bigger brethren, although with few casualties.
- Almost 200,000 men working more than 5,000 ships of all kinds shelled the beaches and transported five divisions to designated landing sites.
- They were also continuously shelled by 82 mm mortars.
- Four ships, two of them Clyde-built, were shelled heavily by communist forces during the episode, and 45 Royal Navy and Royal Marines personnel were killed.
- Hospitals have been shelled and assaulted by gun fire and rockets.
- US marines used amphibious assault vehicles to surround clusters of low, crude concrete buildings and shell nearby tanks.
- One of 1,500 Canadians who lost their lives in the Falaise Gap, Steele died instantly when his tank was shelled by the Germans.
- In 1918, the gun shelled Paris from a distance of 110 kilometers away.
- At the siege of Metz in 1944, during the liberation of France, for example, heavy coast artillery pieces and field guns shelled the fortresses there.
- The tanks, their allies, which had almost turned on them, spilled their fire and shelled positions beyond the thin clump of woodland.
Synonyms
bombard, fire on, open fire on, shoot at, attack, pound, bomb, blitz, strafe
2with object Remove the shell or pod from (a nut or seed)
剥壳；脱壳；脱粒
they were shelling peas
他们在剥豌豆。
shelled Brazil nuts
去壳巴西果。
Example sentencesExamples
- I have witnessed expats shelling seeds with ease so, although I can't speak from experience, I know that it can be done.
- He approaches the task with the same zest with which he shelled the pistachios that came with the pre-lunch beers.
- Substitute shelled pistachios for nuts in any recipe you fancy.
- Green nuts are shelled, boiled to mellow the flavour, and sun dried.
- Like him, I sat for ages removing all those fiddly little stalks, or shelling peas and beans.
- If you must reach for high-fat snacks, pick ones that require a little legwork, such as shelled peanuts or air-popped popcorn you have to make yourself.
- Mama Emmy kept shelling peas, but her attention was on her granddaughter.
- When choosing shelled pecans, look for plump, not wrinkled ones.
- Why, even while watching television he shells walnuts.
- I had once wondered how pistachio things got their pistachio flavor - it seemed unlikely that it was from grinding shelled pistachios - and a brief research led me to pistachio paste.
- A small girl has been helping the maid with some such task as shelling peas in an outhouse, since as they emerge hand-in-hand the child carries the pods or husks in her apron.
- Then some students had to stop shelling peanuts for a while to experience what it feels like to not have food security.
- My first memories are of sitting in the kitchen shelling peas and listening to my great-grandmother telling stories.
- Peas, I suppose, are not a fruit within the meaning of the act, but sitting on the back doorstep in the cool of the evening, shelling peas into a basin, was one of the small delights of summer.
- Because lipomas generally do not infiltrate into surrounding tissue, they can be shelled out easily during excision.
- Most of the trulli are still people's homes - as evidenced by the women shelling peas on the front stoops.
- Seeds were shelled, frozen in liquid nitrogen, and stored at - 80°C.
- But one day, two years after his wedding, while lounging in a deckchair, shelling peanuts on an October afternoon, Sharma was startled by a premonition.
- But tonight, I had shelled hazelnuts with raisins.
- The cells similarly fire when the monkeys observe a person shelling peanuts and then hear peanut shells being broken apart.
Synonyms
extract
3no object Gather seashells.
there was nothing to do except swim or go shelling on the beaches

Phrasal Verbs

shell something out

Pay a specified amount of money, especially an amount that is resented as being excessive.
〈非正式〉付款（尤指付因认为过多而不愿付的款）
it doesn't make sense to shell out $8.50 for an elevator ride
Example sentencesExamples
- Reading only the advertisements, you'd be forgiven for thinking it was a magazine aimed at home buyers - about 80% of the advertising revenue has been shelled out by builders.
- At the top level, thousands of pounds are shelled out by ambitious team owners to ensure the right outcome of a match.
- My power problem got me thinking that I need to be one of those guys who makes the money, instead of shelling it out all the time.
- The government claims it paid more than $200 million for this project five years ago, but a recent government audit shows tax dollars were shelled out for work that was never done.
Synonyms
make payment, pay, settle up, pay in full, meet one's obligations, come up with the money
pay, spend, expend, pay out, lay out, part with, disburse, hand over, remit, render

Origin

Old English scell (noun), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch schel ‘scale, shell’, also to scale. The verb dates from the mid 16th century in shell (sense 2 of the verb).

词汇	shell
释义	Definition of shell in English: shell noun ʃɛlʃɛl 1The hard protective outer case of a mollusc or crustacean. （软体或甲壳纲动物的）壳 cowrie shells 宝贝壳。 mass noun the technique of carving shell 壳雕技术。 Example sentencesExamples The primitive man initially used berries, nuts, seeds, feathers, perforated stones, teeth, and shells as ornaments. The beach sands are dominated by shells of bivalve mollusks, mainly venerids, gastropods, and echinoderms. They require no soil and are secured to driftwood, shells or bark (using special glue), capturing nutrients and moisture from the air. On top of them put some natural objects such as shells, pebbles, leaves, fruit, flowers or plants or bonsai (not dead or artificial). Another theory is that because ammonoids grew faster and had thinner shells, the shells were not as strong as those of the nautilus. A little of this can benefit marine life by providing carbonate ions - a vital constituent in the biochemical process by which sea creatures such as corals and molluscs build their shells. Boulders are infested with black tree corals, mussels, cowrie shells, soft and hard corals and ascidians. The fossiliferous horizons occur in greenish to greyish siltstones and brown to black fissile shales associated with mollusc shells. In addition to fragments of at least four tripod cauldrons, the tomb also yielded a number of marine shells and two possible animal bone fragments. Her range of styles is unified by her use of shells, seeds and feathers. However, people severely allergic to shellfish should avoid glucosamine, which is made from the shells of crustaceans. We sat there for perhaps half an hour, watching the yachts go sailing by, collecting hundreds of the perfect unbroken shells to fill jars for my bathroom window ledge. Polysaccharides are also used in the shells of such crustaceans as crabs and lobsters (chitin). Mollusc shells are made primarily of calcium carbonate, with traces of strontium and other elements. Seeds, shells, and fresh flowers are woven into necklaces by both sexes. I also use precious materials, like pearl, and other things, like polished shells and seeds. Instead of the usual facepiece made of mesh and covered with cowry shells, this one is made from a radiator grid and covered with sparkplugs. To play the game, there are a variety of options, tamarind seeds, cowrie shells, beads, even small stones as affordability waxes and wanes. They are cousins of seashells, but instead of having a protective shell, most of them are poisonous. Marine invertebrates with hard shells and skeletons of chitin or lime are more conducive to fossil preservation than soft-bodied creatures. Synonyms carapace, outside, exterior armour 1.1 The thin outer covering of an animal's egg, which is hard and fragile in that of a bird but leathery in that of a reptile. 蛋壳 Example sentencesExamples Twelve weeks after they are laid, the hatchling turtles emerge from their shells and make for the sea. She considered a moment and transferred the animal from the shell to her hand. DDT does not directly kill birds but rather thins the shells of their eggs. This one hatched faster than the first, fierce little claws punching through the fragile shell and scrabbling to get free. As the birds accumulated the toxins in their fat reserves, the shells in their clutches thinned and broke easily, or never hatched. The ground was dug up and strewn with white, leathery shells - remnants of about ten eggs, near as I could tell. The fact that the age of many B. rosea shells exceeds 200 years is unexpected given the widely stated fragility of brachiopod shells. The female will lay only 4 to 10 eggs, which have leathery shells. On the twenty-first day, the chick, now fully developed, starts to break through his thin shell. 1.2 The outer case of a nut kernel or seed. 果壳；荚 peanuts roasted in their shells Example sentencesExamples Crack a handful of whole new season's walnuts, remove the kernels from the shells and halve them and quarter. This is one of my favorite birds, and they love to eat nuts of any sort in or out of the shell as well as mealworms, sunflower seeds, suet and pumpkin seeds. Typical food processing jobs include peeling nutmeg shells and sorting the seeds, and washing bananas and other produce. Remove the shell of the seeds and cut chicken into small cubes. For those who have never eaten hemp seeds, the shells catch on the back of your tongue, a bit like the wings on dry-roasted crickets. They must be taken from the vines while the outer shell and the seeds are very tender; otherwise they are not good. The seed is only toxic if the outer shell is broken or chewed open. They are harvested when fully ripe, the shells and seeds are removed, and the pulp compressed into ‘cakes’. Some of you may wonder how locals manage to work the edible kernel from its black shell within seconds, while holding a conversation. Synonyms pod, casing, case, husk, hull integument, cover, covering North American shuck 1.3 The carapace of a tortoise, turtle, or terrapin. 甲鱼壳，龟甲 Example sentencesExamples The newest types of tags are attached to things like shark fins and sea turtle shells. Its instruments include maracas, drums, and turtle shells. These three main patterns are amplified by turtle shells, claves, timbales, bongos, congas, maracas and tambourines. Down the hall are turtle shells bearing primitive scratchings that later evolved into the elegant calligraphy you'll find one floor up. Many of the souvenir shop owners, however, said that their wares were old stock and that they no longer produced souvenirs made of sea turtle shells. Their teeth, which cut in both directions, are like razor blades, perfectly evolved for cutting through turtle shells and bone. We'd stroke her feet and drum our fingers gently on her shell (the tortoise equivalent of a jockey's crop). Jewelry is made from black coral and turtle shells. All three of these taxa exhibit fully developed turtle shells. My instinct was to crouch down and get as small as I could, like a turtle in his shell. If a turtle lost his shell, is he homeless, naked, or both? The hard carapace or upper shell of some sea turtles acts as a protection from predators. Thankfully the fire crew didn't need to use their cutting equipment and managed to coax the tortoise out of his shell by poking around inside. It's common to see bite marks on their shells which are made out of Keratin, like your fingernail. The bushy head vanished under the cape, like a tortoise withdrawing into its shell. The strange tortoise's shell is flat underneath and not rounded at the belly as usual, he says. Turtle shells are constructed with a layer of epidermal scutes overlying a layer of dermal bone. Sea turtles with shells the size of manhole covers sun themselves on the beach. They can withdraw from the broader culture, like a turtle under its shell. Dragging his shell along, the turtle continues his journey. 1.4 The wing cases of a beetle. （甲虫的）鞘翅 Example sentencesExamples My uncle drives a sleek black sports car, shiny as a beetle's shell. There were large piles of insect parts being piled up outside the nest, beetle shells, a bee head, dead ants. The best performer was chitosan - derived from chitin, the main component of crab and beetle shells. I peer into a stand of smoking hot woks, thinking I still have room for more, then suddenly I make out the crystallised wings and shells of dragonflies and beetles. For over 30 years he has been studying the shells of beetles that have been preserved for thousands, even millions of years. 1.5 The integument of an insect pupa or chrysalis. （蛹或茧的）外皮 Example sentencesExamples The last floor has a wide variety of insects, shells, and worms. White cobwebs hung from one corner of the shop, the occupant long since dead, molt shells from various insects scattered across the floor. Cheung, who said water in swimming pools was not suitable for the growth of the worms, said bloodworms with pupa shells were available to buy in Hong Kong. But she apologised for an omission by the assistant director who failed to disclose the discovery of pupa shells in public pools. When maggots have completed their development they convert their last larval skin into a puparium, a hardened shell within which the pupa develops. 1.6one's shell Used with reference to a state of shyness or introversion. 〈喻〉害羞；内向 she'll soon come out of her shell with the right encouragement 给她适当的鼓励，她很快就会不再羞怯的。 Example sentencesExamples She's going to break out of her shell to figure out who she really is. 2An explosive artillery projectile or bomb. 炮弹；炸弹 the sound of the shell passing over, followed by the explosion 炮弹嗖的一声飞过，接着是爆炸声。 as modifier shell holes Example sentencesExamples The thunder off in the distance sounded like artillery shells booming over the Verdugo Mountains. My medical training exposed me to what a mine, a bullet, a grenade, an artillery shell or poisonous gas could do to a body. Now we once again need to protect our dugouts and shelters, especially at command and control facilities, from direct hits of artillery shells and air bombs. There was the now-familiar sound of the artillery shells landing among the enemy positions. The first wave of troops crossed the bridge, and soon the air on the far side was thick with ordnance - artillery shells, mortars, bullets. I began to hear the familiar sound of artillery shells raining terror in the distance. It could also come suddenly and violently from the tooth-and-nail struggle for survival, or from German bombs and artillery shells. As she crossed the fields a shell exploded close to her, fracturing her legs and knocking her to the ground. Four streamers of artillery shells blew holes in the plain, and the infantrymen rushed towards them as they cooled, hiding in the holes that sheltered them from the gunfire. Nuclear warheads for a variety of tactical missiles, artillery shells, torpedoes, and other munitions also proliferated. Seconds later, an enemy shell hit the spot where Victor had been standing and burst, killing everyone on that side of the bridge. The soldiers found sarin gas in an artillery shell that exploded while bomb disposal experts were diffusing it. Before 1914 artillery shells had consisted mainly of shrapnel, whose airbursts were effective in mobile warfare. The Marines are out every day looking for the enemy, and trying to round up the old artillery shells used to make the deadly car bombs. In the war in Eastern Europe, the harsh climate competed successfully with artillery shells and bullets in killing people. Hollywood prefers lots of flames when grenades or artillery shells go off. They provide the explosive force delivered by hand grenades, bombs, and artillery shells. At least 400 to 500 persons were at the scene of the church this morning when the mortar shells fell on the building of the church. Included were artillery shells, phosphorous flares, mortars, incendiaries and cluster bombs. Chemical agents can be delivered in artillery shells or missiles, by aerial bombing, or by spraying. Synonyms projectile, bomb grenade bullet, cartridge, shot rare trajectile 2.1 A hollow metal or paper case used as a container for fireworks, explosives, or cartridges. 烟花筒；弹壳；弹药筒 Example sentencesExamples Exploding shells - initially hollow metal spheres filled with gunpowder - were first introduced in the second half of the 16th century. This will be cabled through this to a network system of modules that are then wired into the fireworks shells. Some shells contain explosives designed to crackle in the sky, or whistles that explode outward with the stars. The shells contain silver iodide, explosives and gunpowder. Simple shells consist of a paper tube filled with stars and black powder. Fiocchi paper shells will be available in early spring in 12-gauge trap, sporting clays and skeet loads. The shotgun shell box is heartwarming to anyone who has shot paper shells; the old time styling looks good on the desk and in the shooting bag. Its shells contain fuel-air explosives that on detonation form a ball of fire, creating a powerful blast effect. 2.2North American A cartridge. 〈北美〉子弹 Example sentencesExamples On the other hand, I have heard good-old-boys call rifle and handgun rounds shells. He shouted as he darted around and blasted several rounds of hot shells into the darkness, but suddenly, Saints took this chance and began firing. We carried semi-automatic rifles and shotguns with hollow point shells designed to pierce a boarder's hull right below the water line. Synonyms bullet, cartridge, shot 3Something resembling or likened to a shell because of its shape or its function as an outer case. 壳状物 pasta shells 贝壳形意式面。 baked pastry shells filled with cheese 酥皮奶酪馅饼。 Example sentencesExamples Instead of stuffing pasta shells with cheese, use tofu or even soy cheese. Pour this mixture into your pastry shell and place back into the oven for a further half an hour. Of the latter I sampled Baked Tortellini Vegetariana, a mixture of pasta shells, spinach, egg, cream and white cheese. Cut out a piece of greaseproof or parchment paper to put into the pastry shell and fill with beans (any old beans, rice or pasta). I had set to the task of making approximately 350 small choux pastry shells. He knew he wouldn't survive long before he crawled back to his cassette collection, central heating, and ready-to-eat pasta shells in spicy tomato sauce. Using pastry bags, fill bottom half of shell with sweet potato mousse, fill top half of shell with parsnip pastry cream and top with chocolate glaze. Pour the mixture into the pie shell and bake at 350F for 12 minutes to set the yolks and kill any salmonella in the eggs. The pastry shell (one inch deep) is baked in an oven at 180°C for 10 minutes. A godsend is that the pastry shell does not need to be pre-baked. With its fresh, cheese-stuffed pasta shells drizzled with a sauce that is rich but not overpowering, these miniature crescents are very tasty indeed. Pour mixture into the tart shell and bake at 150C for 25-30 mins or until filling is set. Fred runs and gets some pasta shells and cheese to feed his drivers from the officers' tent where the major has already begun to tend to the wounded. When they were cool, I melted 40 g of Valrhona baking chocolate in the microwave and glazed the shells using a pastry brush. A hockey helmet consists of a shell, a foam lining and an optional face shield, cage, or combination visor and cage. Place the mixed ingredients into the pie shell and cover with pastry. Put into the tart shell, and bake at 100C for an hour. Prepare the pastry shell to bake blind - line with a piece of greaseproof or parchment paper and fill with beans. Fill the shell with batter and pour into the hot oil to make jalebis. Quesadillas are good too, made with one of those big flour shells lined with meat or veggies and cheese, and flattened in the press. 3.1 The walls of an unfinished or gutted building or other structure. （建筑物的）壳体，空壳 the hotel was a shell, the roof having collapsed completely 旅馆成了废空壳，屋顶完全倒塌了。 Example sentencesExamples Now the government buildings are burned-out shells. The building is a mere shell - cement-block walls, tin roof, benches inside, bare floor. The shell of the building could then be completed (if funds come in) within 12 months. To my right were buildings with their first floors torn apart or gutted by fire, but the shells of the buildings still stood. If driving gets dull, you can always get out of the car and run around town a little, though most of the buildings are just shells and can't be entered. The building was a shell with the roof having fallen in and walls caving in. Several Union attacks had turned the once towering buildings to empty shells, not fit to live in. Only the shells of the original building still stand. In this ‘ruined town with its shells of buildings half-visible through the drifting smoke’, he set about organizing the evacuation of his men. The charred shell of this once-fine building has for too long been a blot on the landscape, holding back the regeneration of the streets around it. But last night only the burned-out shell of the building was left. In the centre of the castle stands an empty shell of a building. Speaking this week local councillor Robert Cormack said the Grade II listed house was now a shell and a large west window had been blown in. The buildings are shells with walls covered in mildew and grass growing through the floors as high as the ceilings. The shell of the building will now be preserved and redeveloped under a previous approval into five shops and 12 offices. Situated in Leicester Square, in the shell of the collapsed superclub Home, the new Marquee couldn't appear more different from the original. The beauty of remodeling a garage is that the shell of the building - often with both electricity and plumbing - already exists. It is contractor for the building shell at a cost of $951,000. I turned in her direction, and behind her, through the doorframe of a burned-out shell of a building, I saw them. Now, a bare shell of a building is all that remains. 3.2 An outer form without substance. 〈喻〉空躯壳 he was a shell of the man he had been previously 他已经不是过去的他了，成了一副空躯壳。 Example sentencesExamples Soon she would be dead, the empty shell of her body to be left crumpled in the dirt. It is a nursery of humanity that cares for blending values with education, moulds character with learning and supplies substance to the shell of symbols. He sucked out their very essence, and they died instantly, leaving just empty shells of bodies behind. It is a living, dynamic process which must be worked at by you yourself - or it ceases to be democracy, even if the shell and form remains. He felt like an empty shell, without substance or energy. 4The metal framework of a vehicle body. （车身的）外壳 Example sentencesExamples Dennis pushed open the heavy hatch and crawled up onto the rough shell of the armored vehicle. Massive coils of finished steel, ready to be turned into the shells of automobiles at Ford's facilities, were showing up without notice. As they closed a hatch, a dozen of men appeared on the platform, but their blasters could not do any harm to the metal shell of the vehicle. We passed several more smoking shells of vehicles destroyed by the resistance - more fuel tankers, more blasted APCs. Even when the shell of a vehicle already exists, as it did in this case, the vehicle-design schedule traditionally spans about three years. There's also reasonable boot space inside the compact shell. And also because, beneath its subtle shell, the car seems built to withstand impact from a meteor the size of Scotland. Some of this handling panache is a by-product of the roll cage, which is installed while the car is still a bare shell. Doyle approached a cop who had examined the charred shell of the limo and asked him what might have happened. Ferner's boat, for instance, uses the shell of a Volkswagen station wagon for a cabin. Fuel cell vehicles were everywhere, some exotic and others covered with unobtrusive shells that could have just rolled off a production line. He turned, motioning toward Lady Grey who waited a few feet away, leaning against the battered shell of a rusted vehicle. Synonyms framework, frame, chassis, skeleton, basic structure hull, exterior 5A light racing boat. 轻型赛艇 Example sentencesExamples The Italian boatbuilder was founded in 1980 and has since anchored a spot in the market of top quality racing shells. As I row in my racing shell, I flash back to Muller's words. The classic built-for-speed vessel is the racing shell because its human cargo is also its engine. The attic has been used as a spot to store rowing shells and equipment since 1989. Rowing equipment is costly - an eight man sweeping boat, the largest of rowing shells, runs in around $28,000. The glow from the rising sun reflects off the sleek rowing shells as they glide on the Mississippi River. 6An inner or roughly made coffin. 内棺；粗制棺材 7The hand guard of a sword. （剑的）护手 8Physics Each of a set of orbitals around the nucleus of an atom, occupied or able to be occupied by electrons of similar energies. 〔物理〕壳层 in a multi-electron atom, the lowest energy shells fill up first an electron descending from one shell to a lower one emits an X-ray Example sentencesExamples Nuclei with full shells of protons, neutrons, or both are said to have magic numbers and, if unexcited, are usually spherical. The higher the atomic number, the more shells and electrons an atom will have. Around each atomic nucleus, electrons occupy energy levels termed shells. Since it takes eight electrons to fill the electron shell, a silicon atom is continually looking for four electrons to bond with. At this time, the maximum number of electron orbitals or electron shells for any element is seven. 9Computing short for shell program Example sentencesExamples On the write-in side, a collection of text editors and shells claimed most of the votes. Thus far, you have an FTP client and a shell busily tidying up your home directory. To be truly productive with Linux, you need to thoroughly master the shells and the command line. All UNIX / Linux shells support output redirection using the same syntax. By expanding the ping hack in the source code, a custom firmware image can be created with the full power of a Linux shell over the Web interface. verb ʃɛlʃɛl [with object] 1Bombard with shells. 炮轰 several villages north of the security zone were shelled Example sentencesExamples But Sydney harbour, in New South Wales, was attacked by midget submarines and further north Newcastle was shelled by their bigger brethren, although with few casualties. We had no more desire to be shelled by Allied than by German guns. Hospitals have been shelled and assaulted by gun fire and rockets. He saw hundreds upon hundreds of ships moving toward the coast of France and when he approached the target area, he could see their big Naval guns shelling the coast. But they knew our gun positions and they shelled us as they drew nearer. They were also continuously shelled by 82 mm mortars. In 1918, the gun shelled Paris from a distance of 110 kilometers away. Before being relived by the 94th Infantry later that day, the 5th Ranger Battalion was shelled one more time with some casualties taken. In the heat of battle no gunnery officer had the time to consult a table before aiming at an incoming bomber or shelling an enemy position. Almost 200,000 men working more than 5,000 ships of all kinds shelled the beaches and transported five divisions to designated landing sites. We have as much right to shell the enemy army's central headquarters as to shell its frontline positions. This prevented another bombardment of Henderson Field by the Japanese battleships, but that night their cruisers shelled it heavily. US marines used amphibious assault vehicles to surround clusters of low, crude concrete buildings and shell nearby tanks. Four ships, two of them Clyde-built, were shelled heavily by communist forces during the episode, and 45 Royal Navy and Royal Marines personnel were killed. At the height of the battle on the Western Front during World War 1, the Germans shelled Allied front line positions at the rate of 3000 per hour. The time of flight of a bomb is longer than that of a shell and mortar fire is therefore subject to greater meteorological variation, making it less accurate than shelling by guns or howitzers and less likely to hit a moving target. The tanks, their allies, which had almost turned on them, spilled their fire and shelled positions beyond the thin clump of woodland. One of 1,500 Canadians who lost their lives in the Falaise Gap, Steele died instantly when his tank was shelled by the Germans. He would not have remained in the city even if the story that his own men were spreading were true, that a half-dozen assassins possibly capable of shelling the Soviet Embassy were in the vicinity. At the siege of Metz in 1944, during the liberation of France, for example, heavy coast artillery pieces and field guns shelled the fortresses there. Synonyms bombard, fire on, open fire on, shoot at, attack, pound, bomb, blitz, strafe archaic cannonade 1.1Baseball Score heavily against (an opposing pitcher or team) 〔棒球〕从（对方投手或球队）大量得分 Williams got shelled in the next inning Example sentencesExamples It is no more a sign of weakness to change leadership in wartime if success depends on it than it is to remove a baseball pitcher who is getting shelled in order to prevent the game from becoming hopelessly lost. He was shelled in his final outing, lasting less than two innings, then missed the play-offs with a freak knee injury. He was a huge disappointment this year, getting shelled this spring and then at AAA. Tonight, against a team that got shelled 7-1 last night, they come out flat, give up two goals in 2 minutes and then proceed to do NOTHING for a whole game. The right-hander was desperately trying to figure out why he was constantly being shelled last season. 2Remove the shell or pod from (a nut or seed) 剥壳；脱壳；脱粒 they were shelling peas 他们在剥豌豆。 shelled Brazil nuts 去壳巴西果。 Example sentencesExamples When choosing shelled pecans, look for plump, not wrinkled ones. Like him, I sat for ages removing all those fiddly little stalks, or shelling peas and beans. Why, even while watching television he shells walnuts. My first memories are of sitting in the kitchen shelling peas and listening to my great-grandmother telling stories. But tonight, I had shelled hazelnuts with raisins. A small girl has been helping the maid with some such task as shelling peas in an outhouse, since as they emerge hand-in-hand the child carries the pods or husks in her apron. But one day, two years after his wedding, while lounging in a deckchair, shelling peanuts on an October afternoon, Sharma was startled by a premonition. Then some students had to stop shelling peanuts for a while to experience what it feels like to not have food security. Mama Emmy kept shelling peas, but her attention was on her granddaughter. Because lipomas generally do not infiltrate into surrounding tissue, they can be shelled out easily during excision. The cells similarly fire when the monkeys observe a person shelling peanuts and then hear peanut shells being broken apart. I had once wondered how pistachio things got their pistachio flavor - it seemed unlikely that it was from grinding shelled pistachios - and a brief research led me to pistachio paste. If you must reach for high-fat snacks, pick ones that require a little legwork, such as shelled peanuts or air-popped popcorn you have to make yourself. Substitute shelled pistachios for nuts in any recipe you fancy. Green nuts are shelled, boiled to mellow the flavour, and sun dried. Most of the trulli are still people's homes - as evidenced by the women shelling peas on the front stoops. Seeds were shelled, frozen in liquid nitrogen, and stored at - 80°C. Peas, I suppose, are not a fruit within the meaning of the act, but sitting on the back doorstep in the cool of the evening, shelling peas into a basin, was one of the small delights of summer. I have witnessed expats shelling seeds with ease so, although I can't speak from experience, I know that it can be done. He approaches the task with the same zest with which he shelled the pistachios that came with the pre-lunch beers. Synonyms extract husk, hull, pod North American shuck Phrasal Verbs shell something out Pay (a specified amount of money, especially one regarded as excessive) 〈非正式〉付款（尤指付因认为过多而不愿付的款） he has had to shell out £500 a week hiring a bodyguard 他得每周付出500英镑雇佣一个保镖。 she ended up shelling out for two rooms Example sentencesExamples At the top level, thousands of pounds are shelled out by ambitious team owners to ensure the right outcome of a match. The government claims it paid more than $200 million for this project five years ago, but a recent government audit shows tax dollars were shelled out for work that was never done. My power problem got me thinking that I need to be one of those guys who makes the money, instead of shelling it out all the time. Reading only the advertisements, you'd be forgiven for thinking it was a magazine aimed at home buyers - about 80% of the advertising revenue has been shelled out by builders. Synonyms make payment, pay, settle up, pay in full, meet one's obligations, come up with the money pay, spend, expend, pay out, lay out, part with, disburse, hand over, remit, render Derivatives shell-less adjective It is a small and monophyletic taxon of marine, shell-less molluscs. Example sentencesExamples It provides the same warmth as 8-oz. fleece bur is less bulky, compresses down to a smaller pack space, breathes better, and evaporates sweat faster during shell-less aerobic activities. And then what about those that have actually decided to get so advanced with their sensory organs that they can actually discard the shell and become shell-less molluscs. See, if cakes can be flourless, prawns can be shell-less! Take time for the little things in life: Scour the reef for tiny iridescent nudibranchs, the shell-less underwater snail cousins that are prolific in Hawaii. shelly adjective Certainly the Cambrian record is deeply biased in favour of shelly fossils, as revealed by the exceptionally preserved Burgess Shale and Chengjiang biotas, where the vast majority of taxa and individuals were non-biomineralizing. Example sentencesExamples These differences, including the apparent absence of skeletal lamination in the small shelly fossils, suggest that assessments of the phylogenetic affinities of conulariids should also consider microstructural characters. This reasoning is used here to hypothesize about the body plans of the oldest animals, which were not represented in the Ediacaran biota or among the earliest Cambrian ‘small shelly fossils.’ In addition to typical Ediacaran taxa, such as the cosmopolitan Pteridinium, the shelly fossil Cloudina first appears slightly below the earliest Ediacaran fossils, extends throughout the Ediacaran range, and into the Cambrian. The early Cambrian fossil record is characterized by unique skeletal assemblages that include the spongelike archaeocyathans and a number of mostly problematic small skeletal elements, known collectively as small shelly fossils. shellproof adjectiveˈʃɛlpruːfˈʃɛlpruf Strong enough to resist the effects of blast from a shell or bomb. the tunnel was shellproof Origin Old English scell (noun), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch schel 'scale, shell', also to scale¹. The verb dates from the mid 16th century in sense 2 of the verb. The Old English scell is Germanic in origin, related to Dutch schel ‘scale, shell’ and English scale. Use of the word as a term for an explosive projectile dates from the mid 17th century, suggested by the metal protective casing for the powder. Shell shock dates from the First World War. The notion of a shell as a place to which to withdraw (go into one's shell) dates from the early 19th century. Rhymes Adele, Aix-la-Chapelle, aquarelle, artel, au naturel, bagatelle, béchamel, befell, bell, belle, boatel, Brunel, Cadell, carousel, cartel, cell, Chanel, chanterelle, clientele, Clonmel, compel, Cornell, crime passionnel, dell, demoiselle, dispel, dwell, el, ell, Estelle, excel, expel, farewell, fell, Fidel, fontanelle, foretell, Gabrielle, gazelle, gel, Giselle, hell, hotel, impel, knell, lapel, mademoiselle, maître d'hôtel, Manuel, marcel, matériel, mesdemoiselles, Michel, Michelle, Miguel, misspell, morel, moschatel, Moselle, motel, muscatel, nacelle, Nell, Nobel, Noel, organelle, outsell, Parnell, pell-mell, personnel, propel, quell, quenelle, rappel, Raquel, Ravel, rebel, repel, Rochelle, Sahel, sardelle, sell, show-and-tell, smell, Snell, spell, spinel, swell, tell, undersell, vielle, villanelle, well, yell noun.1 phr.v. Definition of shell in US English: shell nounSHelʃɛl 1The hard protective outer case of a mollusk or crustacean. （软体或甲壳纲动物的）壳 cowrie shells 宝贝壳。 the technique of carving shell 壳雕技术。 Example sentencesExamples In addition to fragments of at least four tripod cauldrons, the tomb also yielded a number of marine shells and two possible animal bone fragments. The primitive man initially used berries, nuts, seeds, feathers, perforated stones, teeth, and shells as ornaments. The fossiliferous horizons occur in greenish to greyish siltstones and brown to black fissile shales associated with mollusc shells. A little of this can benefit marine life by providing carbonate ions - a vital constituent in the biochemical process by which sea creatures such as corals and molluscs build their shells. They require no soil and are secured to driftwood, shells or bark (using special glue), capturing nutrients and moisture from the air. Polysaccharides are also used in the shells of such crustaceans as crabs and lobsters (chitin). Instead of the usual facepiece made of mesh and covered with cowry shells, this one is made from a radiator grid and covered with sparkplugs. We sat there for perhaps half an hour, watching the yachts go sailing by, collecting hundreds of the perfect unbroken shells to fill jars for my bathroom window ledge. On top of them put some natural objects such as shells, pebbles, leaves, fruit, flowers or plants or bonsai (not dead or artificial). Marine invertebrates with hard shells and skeletons of chitin or lime are more conducive to fossil preservation than soft-bodied creatures. I also use precious materials, like pearl, and other things, like polished shells and seeds. Boulders are infested with black tree corals, mussels, cowrie shells, soft and hard corals and ascidians. Mollusc shells are made primarily of calcium carbonate, with traces of strontium and other elements. Another theory is that because ammonoids grew faster and had thinner shells, the shells were not as strong as those of the nautilus. They are cousins of seashells, but instead of having a protective shell, most of them are poisonous. Her range of styles is unified by her use of shells, seeds and feathers. To play the game, there are a variety of options, tamarind seeds, cowrie shells, beads, even small stones as affordability waxes and wanes. Seeds, shells, and fresh flowers are woven into necklaces by both sexes. However, people severely allergic to shellfish should avoid glucosamine, which is made from the shells of crustaceans. The beach sands are dominated by shells of bivalve mollusks, mainly venerids, gastropods, and echinoderms. Synonyms carapace, outside, exterior 1.1 The thin outer covering of an animal's egg, which is hard and fragile in that of a bird but leathery in that of a reptile. 蛋壳 Example sentencesExamples Twelve weeks after they are laid, the hatchling turtles emerge from their shells and make for the sea. On the twenty-first day, the chick, now fully developed, starts to break through his thin shell. She considered a moment and transferred the animal from the shell to her hand. The ground was dug up and strewn with white, leathery shells - remnants of about ten eggs, near as I could tell. This one hatched faster than the first, fierce little claws punching through the fragile shell and scrabbling to get free. DDT does not directly kill birds but rather thins the shells of their eggs. The female will lay only 4 to 10 eggs, which have leathery shells. The fact that the age of many B. rosea shells exceeds 200 years is unexpected given the widely stated fragility of brachiopod shells. As the birds accumulated the toxins in their fat reserves, the shells in their clutches thinned and broke easily, or never hatched. 1.2 The outer case of a nut kernel or seed. 果壳；荚 Example sentencesExamples The seed is only toxic if the outer shell is broken or chewed open. They are harvested when fully ripe, the shells and seeds are removed, and the pulp compressed into ‘cakes’. Crack a handful of whole new season's walnuts, remove the kernels from the shells and halve them and quarter. Remove the shell of the seeds and cut chicken into small cubes. This is one of my favorite birds, and they love to eat nuts of any sort in or out of the shell as well as mealworms, sunflower seeds, suet and pumpkin seeds. They must be taken from the vines while the outer shell and the seeds are very tender; otherwise they are not good. For those who have never eaten hemp seeds, the shells catch on the back of your tongue, a bit like the wings on dry-roasted crickets. Typical food processing jobs include peeling nutmeg shells and sorting the seeds, and washing bananas and other produce. Some of you may wonder how locals manage to work the edible kernel from its black shell within seconds, while holding a conversation. Synonyms pod, casing, case, husk, hull 1.3 The carapace of a tortoise, turtle, or terrapin. 甲鱼壳，龟甲 Example sentencesExamples The hard carapace or upper shell of some sea turtles acts as a protection from predators. If a turtle lost his shell, is he homeless, naked, or both? Its instruments include maracas, drums, and turtle shells. They can withdraw from the broader culture, like a turtle under its shell. These three main patterns are amplified by turtle shells, claves, timbales, bongos, congas, maracas and tambourines. The strange tortoise's shell is flat underneath and not rounded at the belly as usual, he says. Dragging his shell along, the turtle continues his journey. Their teeth, which cut in both directions, are like razor blades, perfectly evolved for cutting through turtle shells and bone. All three of these taxa exhibit fully developed turtle shells. Sea turtles with shells the size of manhole covers sun themselves on the beach. We'd stroke her feet and drum our fingers gently on her shell (the tortoise equivalent of a jockey's crop). The bushy head vanished under the cape, like a tortoise withdrawing into its shell. Thankfully the fire crew didn't need to use their cutting equipment and managed to coax the tortoise out of his shell by poking around inside. Jewelry is made from black coral and turtle shells. Down the hall are turtle shells bearing primitive scratchings that later evolved into the elegant calligraphy you'll find one floor up. My instinct was to crouch down and get as small as I could, like a turtle in his shell. It's common to see bite marks on their shells which are made out of Keratin, like your fingernail. Many of the souvenir shop owners, however, said that their wares were old stock and that they no longer produced souvenirs made of sea turtle shells. Turtle shells are constructed with a layer of epidermal scutes overlying a layer of dermal bone. The newest types of tags are attached to things like shark fins and sea turtle shells. 1.4 The wing cases of a beetle. （甲虫的）鞘翅 Example sentencesExamples My uncle drives a sleek black sports car, shiny as a beetle's shell. I peer into a stand of smoking hot woks, thinking I still have room for more, then suddenly I make out the crystallised wings and shells of dragonflies and beetles. The best performer was chitosan - derived from chitin, the main component of crab and beetle shells. There were large piles of insect parts being piled up outside the nest, beetle shells, a bee head, dead ants. For over 30 years he has been studying the shells of beetles that have been preserved for thousands, even millions of years. 1.5 The integument of an insect pupa or chrysalis. （蛹或茧的）外皮 Example sentencesExamples When maggots have completed their development they convert their last larval skin into a puparium, a hardened shell within which the pupa develops. The last floor has a wide variety of insects, shells, and worms. But she apologised for an omission by the assistant director who failed to disclose the discovery of pupa shells in public pools. White cobwebs hung from one corner of the shop, the occupant long since dead, molt shells from various insects scattered across the floor. Cheung, who said water in swimming pools was not suitable for the growth of the worms, said bloodworms with pupa shells were available to buy in Hong Kong. 1.6one's shell Used with reference to a state of shyness or introversion. 〈喻〉害羞；内向 she'll soon come out of her shell with the right encouragement 给她适当的鼓励，她很快就会不再羞怯的。 Example sentencesExamples She's going to break out of her shell to figure out who she really is. 2An explosive artillery projectile or bomb. 炮弹；炸弹 the sound of the shell passing over, followed by the explosion 炮弹嗖的一声飞过，接着是爆炸声。 as modifier shell holes Example sentencesExamples Included were artillery shells, phosphorous flares, mortars, incendiaries and cluster bombs. The first wave of troops crossed the bridge, and soon the air on the far side was thick with ordnance - artillery shells, mortars, bullets. Four streamers of artillery shells blew holes in the plain, and the infantrymen rushed towards them as they cooled, hiding in the holes that sheltered them from the gunfire. There was the now-familiar sound of the artillery shells landing among the enemy positions. Nuclear warheads for a variety of tactical missiles, artillery shells, torpedoes, and other munitions also proliferated. The thunder off in the distance sounded like artillery shells booming over the Verdugo Mountains. At least 400 to 500 persons were at the scene of the church this morning when the mortar shells fell on the building of the church. Now we once again need to protect our dugouts and shelters, especially at command and control facilities, from direct hits of artillery shells and air bombs. As she crossed the fields a shell exploded close to her, fracturing her legs and knocking her to the ground. They provide the explosive force delivered by hand grenades, bombs, and artillery shells. Hollywood prefers lots of flames when grenades or artillery shells go off. Seconds later, an enemy shell hit the spot where Victor had been standing and burst, killing everyone on that side of the bridge. Chemical agents can be delivered in artillery shells or missiles, by aerial bombing, or by spraying. The Marines are out every day looking for the enemy, and trying to round up the old artillery shells used to make the deadly car bombs. Before 1914 artillery shells had consisted mainly of shrapnel, whose airbursts were effective in mobile warfare. The soldiers found sarin gas in an artillery shell that exploded while bomb disposal experts were diffusing it. It could also come suddenly and violently from the tooth-and-nail struggle for survival, or from German bombs and artillery shells. In the war in Eastern Europe, the harsh climate competed successfully with artillery shells and bullets in killing people. I began to hear the familiar sound of artillery shells raining terror in the distance. My medical training exposed me to what a mine, a bullet, a grenade, an artillery shell or poisonous gas could do to a body. Synonyms projectile, bomb 2.1 A hollow metal or paper case used as a container for fireworks, explosives, or cartridges. 烟花筒；弹壳；弹药筒 Example sentencesExamples Exploding shells - initially hollow metal spheres filled with gunpowder - were first introduced in the second half of the 16th century. This will be cabled through this to a network system of modules that are then wired into the fireworks shells. Some shells contain explosives designed to crackle in the sky, or whistles that explode outward with the stars. Its shells contain fuel-air explosives that on detonation form a ball of fire, creating a powerful blast effect. The shells contain silver iodide, explosives and gunpowder. Fiocchi paper shells will be available in early spring in 12-gauge trap, sporting clays and skeet loads. Simple shells consist of a paper tube filled with stars and black powder. The shotgun shell box is heartwarming to anyone who has shot paper shells; the old time styling looks good on the desk and in the shooting bag. 2.2North American A cartridge. 〈北美〉子弹 Example sentencesExamples On the other hand, I have heard good-old-boys call rifle and handgun rounds shells. He shouted as he darted around and blasted several rounds of hot shells into the darkness, but suddenly, Saints took this chance and began firing. We carried semi-automatic rifles and shotguns with hollow point shells designed to pierce a boarder's hull right below the water line. Synonyms bullet, cartridge, shot 3Something resembling or likened to a shell because of its shape or its function as an outer case. 壳状物 pasta shells 贝壳形意式面。 baked pastry shells filled with cheese 酥皮奶酪馅饼。 Example sentencesExamples Pour this mixture into your pastry shell and place back into the oven for a further half an hour. Pour the mixture into the pie shell and bake at 350F for 12 minutes to set the yolks and kill any salmonella in the eggs. With its fresh, cheese-stuffed pasta shells drizzled with a sauce that is rich but not overpowering, these miniature crescents are very tasty indeed. The pastry shell (one inch deep) is baked in an oven at 180°C for 10 minutes. Instead of stuffing pasta shells with cheese, use tofu or even soy cheese. Pour mixture into the tart shell and bake at 150C for 25-30 mins or until filling is set. Prepare the pastry shell to bake blind - line with a piece of greaseproof or parchment paper and fill with beans. A hockey helmet consists of a shell, a foam lining and an optional face shield, cage, or combination visor and cage. Using pastry bags, fill bottom half of shell with sweet potato mousse, fill top half of shell with parsnip pastry cream and top with chocolate glaze. Place the mixed ingredients into the pie shell and cover with pastry. Cut out a piece of greaseproof or parchment paper to put into the pastry shell and fill with beans (any old beans, rice or pasta). Of the latter I sampled Baked Tortellini Vegetariana, a mixture of pasta shells, spinach, egg, cream and white cheese. When they were cool, I melted 40 g of Valrhona baking chocolate in the microwave and glazed the shells using a pastry brush. Fill the shell with batter and pour into the hot oil to make jalebis. Quesadillas are good too, made with one of those big flour shells lined with meat or veggies and cheese, and flattened in the press. A godsend is that the pastry shell does not need to be pre-baked. He knew he wouldn't survive long before he crawled back to his cassette collection, central heating, and ready-to-eat pasta shells in spicy tomato sauce. Fred runs and gets some pasta shells and cheese to feed his drivers from the officers' tent where the major has already begun to tend to the wounded. Put into the tart shell, and bake at 100C for an hour. I had set to the task of making approximately 350 small choux pastry shells. 3.1 The walls of an unfinished or gutted building or other structure. （建筑物的）壳体，空壳 the hotel was a shell, the roof having collapsed completely 旅馆成了废空壳，屋顶完全倒塌了。 Example sentencesExamples The charred shell of this once-fine building has for too long been a blot on the landscape, holding back the regeneration of the streets around it. The buildings are shells with walls covered in mildew and grass growing through the floors as high as the ceilings. The building is a mere shell - cement-block walls, tin roof, benches inside, bare floor. Only the shells of the original building still stand. Several Union attacks had turned the once towering buildings to empty shells, not fit to live in. To my right were buildings with their first floors torn apart or gutted by fire, but the shells of the buildings still stood. Now the government buildings are burned-out shells. In this ‘ruined town with its shells of buildings half-visible through the drifting smoke’, he set about organizing the evacuation of his men. The shell of the building could then be completed (if funds come in) within 12 months. Situated in Leicester Square, in the shell of the collapsed superclub Home, the new Marquee couldn't appear more different from the original. The beauty of remodeling a garage is that the shell of the building - often with both electricity and plumbing - already exists. The building was a shell with the roof having fallen in and walls caving in. If driving gets dull, you can always get out of the car and run around town a little, though most of the buildings are just shells and can't be entered. In the centre of the castle stands an empty shell of a building. But last night only the burned-out shell of the building was left. I turned in her direction, and behind her, through the doorframe of a burned-out shell of a building, I saw them. The shell of the building will now be preserved and redeveloped under a previous approval into five shops and 12 offices. Speaking this week local councillor Robert Cormack said the Grade II listed house was now a shell and a large west window had been blown in. It is contractor for the building shell at a cost of $951,000. Now, a bare shell of a building is all that remains. 3.2 An outer form without substance. 〈喻〉空躯壳 he was a shell of the man he had been previously 他已经不是过去的他了，成了一副空躯壳。 Example sentencesExamples He sucked out their very essence, and they died instantly, leaving just empty shells of bodies behind. It is a living, dynamic process which must be worked at by you yourself - or it ceases to be democracy, even if the shell and form remains. It is a nursery of humanity that cares for blending values with education, moulds character with learning and supplies substance to the shell of symbols. Soon she would be dead, the empty shell of her body to be left crumpled in the dirt. He felt like an empty shell, without substance or energy. 4The metal framework of a vehicle body. （车身的）外壳 Example sentencesExamples As they closed a hatch, a dozen of men appeared on the platform, but their blasters could not do any harm to the metal shell of the vehicle. Even when the shell of a vehicle already exists, as it did in this case, the vehicle-design schedule traditionally spans about three years. And also because, beneath its subtle shell, the car seems built to withstand impact from a meteor the size of Scotland. We passed several more smoking shells of vehicles destroyed by the resistance - more fuel tankers, more blasted APCs. Fuel cell vehicles were everywhere, some exotic and others covered with unobtrusive shells that could have just rolled off a production line. Some of this handling panache is a by-product of the roll cage, which is installed while the car is still a bare shell. He turned, motioning toward Lady Grey who waited a few feet away, leaning against the battered shell of a rusted vehicle. Doyle approached a cop who had examined the charred shell of the limo and asked him what might have happened. Massive coils of finished steel, ready to be turned into the shells of automobiles at Ford's facilities, were showing up without notice. Dennis pushed open the heavy hatch and crawled up onto the rough shell of the armored vehicle. Ferner's boat, for instance, uses the shell of a Volkswagen station wagon for a cabin. There's also reasonable boot space inside the compact shell. Synonyms framework, frame, chassis, skeleton, basic structure 5A light racing boat used in the sport of crew. Example sentencesExamples Rowing equipment is costly - an eight man sweeping boat, the largest of rowing shells, runs in around $28,000. The glow from the rising sun reflects off the sleek rowing shells as they glide on the Mississippi River. The attic has been used as a spot to store rowing shells and equipment since 1989. As I row in my racing shell, I flash back to Muller's words. The Italian boatbuilder was founded in 1980 and has since anchored a spot in the market of top quality racing shells. The classic built-for-speed vessel is the racing shell because its human cargo is also its engine. 6An inner or roughly made coffin. 内棺；粗制棺材 7The hand guard of a sword. （剑的）护手 8Physics Each of a set of orbitals around the nucleus of an atom, occupied or able to be occupied by electrons of similar energies. 〔物理〕壳层 Example sentencesExamples Around each atomic nucleus, electrons occupy energy levels termed shells. At this time, the maximum number of electron orbitals or electron shells for any element is seven. The higher the atomic number, the more shells and electrons an atom will have. Since it takes eight electrons to fill the electron shell, a silicon atom is continually looking for four electrons to bond with. Nuclei with full shells of protons, neutrons, or both are said to have magic numbers and, if unexcited, are usually spherical. 9Computing short for shell program Example sentencesExamples On the write-in side, a collection of text editors and shells claimed most of the votes. All UNIX / Linux shells support output redirection using the same syntax. By expanding the ping hack in the source code, a custom firmware image can be created with the full power of a Linux shell over the Web interface. Thus far, you have an FTP client and a shell busily tidying up your home directory. To be truly productive with Linux, you need to thoroughly master the shells and the command line. verbSHelʃɛl 1with object Bombard with shells. 炮轰 the guns started shelling their positions 大炮开始轰击他们的阵地。 Example sentencesExamples We have as much right to shell the enemy army's central headquarters as to shell its frontline positions. Before being relived by the 94th Infantry later that day, the 5th Ranger Battalion was shelled one more time with some casualties taken. We had no more desire to be shelled by Allied than by German guns. The time of flight of a bomb is longer than that of a shell and mortar fire is therefore subject to greater meteorological variation, making it less accurate than shelling by guns or howitzers and less likely to hit a moving target. At the height of the battle on the Western Front during World War 1, the Germans shelled Allied front line positions at the rate of 3000 per hour. This prevented another bombardment of Henderson Field by the Japanese battleships, but that night their cruisers shelled it heavily. He saw hundreds upon hundreds of ships moving toward the coast of France and when he approached the target area, he could see their big Naval guns shelling the coast. He would not have remained in the city even if the story that his own men were spreading were true, that a half-dozen assassins possibly capable of shelling the Soviet Embassy were in the vicinity. But they knew our gun positions and they shelled us as they drew nearer. In the heat of battle no gunnery officer had the time to consult a table before aiming at an incoming bomber or shelling an enemy position. But Sydney harbour, in New South Wales, was attacked by midget submarines and further north Newcastle was shelled by their bigger brethren, although with few casualties. Almost 200,000 men working more than 5,000 ships of all kinds shelled the beaches and transported five divisions to designated landing sites. They were also continuously shelled by 82 mm mortars. Four ships, two of them Clyde-built, were shelled heavily by communist forces during the episode, and 45 Royal Navy and Royal Marines personnel were killed. Hospitals have been shelled and assaulted by gun fire and rockets. US marines used amphibious assault vehicles to surround clusters of low, crude concrete buildings and shell nearby tanks. One of 1,500 Canadians who lost their lives in the Falaise Gap, Steele died instantly when his tank was shelled by the Germans. In 1918, the gun shelled Paris from a distance of 110 kilometers away. At the siege of Metz in 1944, during the liberation of France, for example, heavy coast artillery pieces and field guns shelled the fortresses there. The tanks, their allies, which had almost turned on them, spilled their fire and shelled positions beyond the thin clump of woodland. Synonyms bombard, fire on, open fire on, shoot at, attack, pound, bomb, blitz, strafe 2with object Remove the shell or pod from (a nut or seed) 剥壳；脱壳；脱粒 they were shelling peas 他们在剥豌豆。 shelled Brazil nuts 去壳巴西果。 Example sentencesExamples I have witnessed expats shelling seeds with ease so, although I can't speak from experience, I know that it can be done. He approaches the task with the same zest with which he shelled the pistachios that came with the pre-lunch beers. Substitute shelled pistachios for nuts in any recipe you fancy. Green nuts are shelled, boiled to mellow the flavour, and sun dried. Like him, I sat for ages removing all those fiddly little stalks, or shelling peas and beans. If you must reach for high-fat snacks, pick ones that require a little legwork, such as shelled peanuts or air-popped popcorn you have to make yourself. Mama Emmy kept shelling peas, but her attention was on her granddaughter. When choosing shelled pecans, look for plump, not wrinkled ones. Why, even while watching television he shells walnuts. I had once wondered how pistachio things got their pistachio flavor - it seemed unlikely that it was from grinding shelled pistachios - and a brief research led me to pistachio paste. A small girl has been helping the maid with some such task as shelling peas in an outhouse, since as they emerge hand-in-hand the child carries the pods or husks in her apron. Then some students had to stop shelling peanuts for a while to experience what it feels like to not have food security. My first memories are of sitting in the kitchen shelling peas and listening to my great-grandmother telling stories. Peas, I suppose, are not a fruit within the meaning of the act, but sitting on the back doorstep in the cool of the evening, shelling peas into a basin, was one of the small delights of summer. Because lipomas generally do not infiltrate into surrounding tissue, they can be shelled out easily during excision. Most of the trulli are still people's homes - as evidenced by the women shelling peas on the front stoops. Seeds were shelled, frozen in liquid nitrogen, and stored at - 80°C. But one day, two years after his wedding, while lounging in a deckchair, shelling peanuts on an October afternoon, Sharma was startled by a premonition. But tonight, I had shelled hazelnuts with raisins. The cells similarly fire when the monkeys observe a person shelling peanuts and then hear peanut shells being broken apart. Synonyms extract 3no object Gather seashells. there was nothing to do except swim or go shelling on the beaches Phrasal Verbs shell something out Pay a specified amount of money, especially an amount that is resented as being excessive. 〈非正式〉付款（尤指付因认为过多而不愿付的款） it doesn't make sense to shell out $8.50 for an elevator ride Example sentencesExamples Reading only the advertisements, you'd be forgiven for thinking it was a magazine aimed at home buyers - about 80% of the advertising revenue has been shelled out by builders. At the top level, thousands of pounds are shelled out by ambitious team owners to ensure the right outcome of a match. My power problem got me thinking that I need to be one of those guys who makes the money, instead of shelling it out all the time. The government claims it paid more than $200 million for this project five years ago, but a recent government audit shows tax dollars were shelled out for work that was never done. Synonyms make payment, pay, settle up, pay in full, meet one's obligations, come up with the money pay, spend, expend, pay out, lay out, part with, disburse, hand over, remit, render Origin Old English scell (noun), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch schel ‘scale, shell’, also to scale. The verb dates from the mid 16th century in shell (sense 2 of the verb). noun.1 phr.v.
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