1The continued possession, use, or control of something.

中央政府直接控制权的保留。

1. 1.1 The fact of keeping something in one's memory.
   记忆
   the children's retention of facts

   孩子们对事实的记忆。

   Example sentencesExamples

   • Previous experiences in similar fields have been found to affect academic performance and retention in college agricultural and non-agricultural programs to varying degrees.
   • As expected, all questions showed a decrease (negative percentage) in knowledge retention from the first posttest to the delayed-posttest.
   • ‘Just one administration of the drug resulted in very potent memory retention,’ which may last as long as 21 days, he says.
   • Processing speed doesn't matter in the brain, says Hawkins, because the basis of thought is not data manipulation but memory retention and prediction.
   • Future research should include studies to reveal language acquisition or learning comprehension and retention when using weblogs.
   • While a movie fades over time, two hours of consumption leads to a lot of immediate retention.
   • Selective retention occurs when an individual remembers only those aspects of the message perceived as being necessary to the receiver.
   • Do you hold store in ‘knowledge’ or retention of facts as an identifier to intellectual ability?
   • Such a quid-pro-quo method, Arnold complained, turned school inspectors into wage laborers mechanically examining each student on his or her passive retention of knowledge.
   • She possessed the ability to read at lightning speed and had near photographic memory retention whenever she was actually paying attention.
   • Nearly all cases of exceptional memory are domain-specific, and retention of sequences or arrays of digits is the most common locus.
   • Metrical speech not only produces some heightened form of attention that increases mnemonic retention; it also seems to provide innate physical pleasure in both the auditor and orator.
   • Ezekiel waved his arms, as if the gesture aided in memory retention.
   • The acquisition of knowledge, its retention, and measurable learning will all be greatly enhanced through careful and thoughtful utilization of true experiential learning concepts.
   • Mr. Lorry asks if the retention of the thing might not lead to the retention of the ideas that plague him and cause his shock.

   Synonyms

   ability to remember, powers of recall, recall, powers of retention, mind
2. 1.2 The action of absorbing and continuing to hold a substance.
   （对物质的）吸收和保持
   the soil's retention of moisture

   土壤对水分的吸收和保持。

   Example sentencesExamples

   • In areas prone to frost heave or with poor drainage, additional drainage material such as drain rock can be placed below the footings to reduce water retention in the soil.
   • This helps moisture retention and provides nutrients.
   • According to president Ed Snodgrass, these plants provide maximum groundcover, water retention, erosion resistance, and respirative transpiration of moisture.
   • A micrometer-thick coating of steam-jet-cooked starch is just the thing to improve plastic films' retention of the water-based dyes and printing inks used on food labels.
   • Improvement in air tightness can paradoxically create problems in moisture retention, because the lack of air flow slows drying.
   • No-tillage is preferable because retention of previous crop residue is valuable for conserving soil moisture on minesoils, which tend to be droughty.
   • The retention of vitamins during cooking ranges from 67 to 76 percent, while that of minerals is over 100 percent, as the minerals become more concentrated.
   • In addition to sawlogs and traditional forest products, huge tracts of land could be managed for wildlife, recreation, and eco-services such as carbon sequestration and water retention.
   • Labor and time are saved when the farmer doesn't plow the field, and the organic matter sitting on the soil works effectively to decrease water run-off and erosion and boost the soil's nutrient retention.
   • Acrylic paints, like oil paints that are rich in medium, become soft and vulnerable to damage and dirt retention at high temperatures and humidities or brittle and friable at low temperatures.
   • To conserve moisture or develop a xeriscape, a landscape requiring little water, it is essential to have soil with good water retention.
   • So, for instance, fissures in the underlying bedrock or a man-made trench or pit will often fill with soils and matter that have greater moisture retention and more nutrients than the surrounding, undisturbed subsoil.
   • Gums help low-fat cheese products retain their shape, cuttability, melting characteristics, spreadability and moisture retention.
   • The results showed that large droplets have slightly reduced retention in corn but have increased absorption, resulting in increased translocation of glyphosate to growing sink tissues.
   • Apply a thin top dress of bark mulch to improve water retention but do not cover stems.
   • Agricultural potential is limited by the high alkalinity of the soil and its poor water retention.
   • If it's sandy or stiff with clay, dig in humus to improve water retention and aeration.
   • Bedding is necessary for worms to burrow, bury food scraps, and also for moisture retention.
3. 1.3 Failure to eliminate a substance from the body.
   潴留；停滞
   eating too much salt can lead to fluid retention

   吃盐太多可能会导致液潴留。

   Example sentencesExamples

   • The ratio of P and Ca retention to protein gain for all animals older than the newborn calves was then plotted against animal age.
   • For example, diuretics may be helpful in reducing the fluid retention caused by high dietary salt intake.
   • MuscleTech has thoroughly researched the ability of various nutrients to increase creatine retention in the muscles.
   • Talk to your doctor before you take any medicine, because some can cause fluid retention.
   • Others have reported increased fecal P excretion and decreased P absorption and retention with increased dietary Mg concentrations.
   • Research has demonstrated that specific amino acid complexes of trace minerals are more bioavailable and have better retention than inorganic sources.
   • It has been found to act as a satisfactory fat replacement in many processed foods, helping to give them pleasing texture, mouth feel, body, and moisture retention.
   • Improved nitrogen retention and utilization also were observed in pigs fed Bacilli.
   • Autonomic dysfunction can cause urinary retention or, less frequently, bladder or bowel incontinence.
   • She still looked just as lovely as ever, despite slight edema in her legs and arms and fluid retention in her face.
   • The aged and dying marshal de Biron showed himself an unreliable instrument of force in Paris, while at Grenoble the 86-year-old marshal de Vaux was immobilized by retention of urine.
   • In animal trials of a three-in-one drug candidate, he says, ‘we don't see weight gain, we don't see fluid retention, and we see a great lowering of fats.’
   • For example, dietary protein restriction reduced Zn absorption and retention in calves.
   • The risk of urinary retention was reduced 81 percent by combination therapy, 68 percent by finasteride alone.
   • The symptoms were nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal swelling, kidney damage, breathlessness due to retention of fluid in the lungs, and even death due to heart and liver failure.
   • A higher intake and body retention of selenium and vitamin E fed to replacement gilts will also be beneficial later in the sow's reproductive life.
   • The first signs of potential clot formation include swollen, aching feet and legs with edema and increasing fluid retention.
   • Nuclear retention of annexin II results in reduced cell proliferation and increased doubling time of cells.
   • In that study, lambs fed either Mg source had higher apparent Mg absorption and retention (g/d) than lambs fed the control diet.
   • Gain requirement recommendations are from limited body composition data and relate P requirements to protein retention.