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词汇 mesoderm
释义

Definition of mesoderm in English:

mesoderm

noun ˈmɛzə(ʊ)dəːmˈmiːsə(ʊ)dəːmˈmɛsə(ʊ)dəːmˈmiːzə(ʊ)dəːm
mass nounEmbryology
  • The middle layer of cells or tissues of an embryo, or the parts derived from this (e.g. cartilage, muscles, and bone).

    Example sentencesExamples
    • Teratomas are germ cell tumors composed of various tissue elements representing more than one embryonic layer (ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm).
    • Teratoma typically contains tissues derived from all 3 germinal layers, whereas dermoid cyst presumably originates from ectoderm and mesoderm.
    • The stem cell lines also retain the ability, throughout the culture, to differentiate into tissue-derived endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm.
    • The most affected tissue being dorsal mesoderm; the notochord is disrupted and the tailbud fails to form.
    • Endoderm and mesoderm form from the lower layer of cells.
    • Derived from embryonic mesoderm, mesenchyme is the first connective tissue formed.
    • Cells from the ventrolateral dermomyotome migrate away from the midline forming a population of axially derived cells that differentiate within the lateral mesoderm.
    • We have used experimental manipulation of chick embryos to test the causal role of Hox genes in patterning derivatives of the paraxial mesoderm.
    • By the time segmentation is complete, strong mxp expression is detected in both ectoderm and mesoderm of the maxillary and labial limb buds.
    • Crystal cells constitute a class of hemocytes derived from the head mesoderm.
    • The stem cells for hematopoiesis in mammals are derived from mesoderm in the yolk sac blood islands and a region of the aorta.
    • Acrochordons, or skin tags, are derived from ectoderm and mesoderm and represent a hyperplastic epidermis.
    • Because neoblasts are likely derived from embryonic stem cells, a stem cell system may be even the original mode of mesoderm formation in the embryo.
    • Structures derived from ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm are commonly represented.
    • A similar pair of parachordal cartilages develop posteriorly from mesoderm, flanking the notochord.
    • The cells of the visceral mesoderm and dorsal vessel also express both genes.
    • The mesoderm also provides the mesenchyme (by sinking of cells from its epithelium into the extracellular matrix) from which organ development becomes possible.
    • Clearly the establishment of independent Hox codes in the paraxial and lateral plate mesoderm would have significance for both the development and the evolution of vertebrates.
    • Why is the origin of mesoderm from hypoblast in some groups not regarded as a secondary adaptation?
    • Expression is also detected variously in visceral endoderm, and anterior mesoderm and endoderm of the gut and pharynx in some vertebrates and amphioxus.

Derivatives

  • mesodermal

  • adjective mɛzə(ʊ)ˈdəːm(ə)lmiːzə(ʊ)ˈdəːm(ə)lmɛsə(ʊ)ˈdəːm(ə)lmiːsə(ʊ)ˈdəːm(ə)l
    Embryology
    • The cells of these paraxial mesodermal cords eventually coalesce into the somites.
      Example sentencesExamples
      • In most polychaetes, the ectodermal and mesodermal derivatives of the growth zone become incorporated into segmental tissues in an anterior-posterior sequence.
      • Alternative and related hypotheses include those that deal explicitly with engrailed in mesodermal units, chordate evolution, and terminal posterior addition of iterated elements in development.
      • All these adaptive explanations certainly have some truth in them as long as the conservation of some aspects of ectodermal or mesodermal segmentations in modern forms is concerned.
      • This emphasis on complexity has lead to delineations within the metazoans based on mesodermal features.

Origin

Late 19th century: from meso- 'middle' + Greek derma 'skin'.

Definition of mesoderm in US English:

mesoderm

noun
Embryology
  • The middle layer of an embryo in early development, between the endoderm and ectoderm.

    〔胚〕中胚层,中层

    Example sentencesExamples
    • The stem cell lines also retain the ability, throughout the culture, to differentiate into tissue-derived endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm.
    • Teratomas are germ cell tumors composed of various tissue elements representing more than one embryonic layer (ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm).
    • Acrochordons, or skin tags, are derived from ectoderm and mesoderm and represent a hyperplastic epidermis.
    • Teratoma typically contains tissues derived from all 3 germinal layers, whereas dermoid cyst presumably originates from ectoderm and mesoderm.
    • A similar pair of parachordal cartilages develop posteriorly from mesoderm, flanking the notochord.
    • Why is the origin of mesoderm from hypoblast in some groups not regarded as a secondary adaptation?
    • By the time segmentation is complete, strong mxp expression is detected in both ectoderm and mesoderm of the maxillary and labial limb buds.
    • We have used experimental manipulation of chick embryos to test the causal role of Hox genes in patterning derivatives of the paraxial mesoderm.
    • The most affected tissue being dorsal mesoderm; the notochord is disrupted and the tailbud fails to form.
    • The stem cells for hematopoiesis in mammals are derived from mesoderm in the yolk sac blood islands and a region of the aorta.
    • Derived from embryonic mesoderm, mesenchyme is the first connective tissue formed.
    • The mesoderm also provides the mesenchyme (by sinking of cells from its epithelium into the extracellular matrix) from which organ development becomes possible.
    • Expression is also detected variously in visceral endoderm, and anterior mesoderm and endoderm of the gut and pharynx in some vertebrates and amphioxus.
    • Endoderm and mesoderm form from the lower layer of cells.
    • The cells of the visceral mesoderm and dorsal vessel also express both genes.
    • Clearly the establishment of independent Hox codes in the paraxial and lateral plate mesoderm would have significance for both the development and the evolution of vertebrates.
    • Structures derived from ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm are commonly represented.
    • Because neoblasts are likely derived from embryonic stem cells, a stem cell system may be even the original mode of mesoderm formation in the embryo.
    • Crystal cells constitute a class of hemocytes derived from the head mesoderm.
    • Cells from the ventrolateral dermomyotome migrate away from the midline forming a population of axially derived cells that differentiate within the lateral mesoderm.

Origin

Late 19th century: from meso- ‘middle’ + Greek derma ‘skin’.

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