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词汇 deontology
释义

Definition of deontology in English:

deontology

noun ˌdiːɒnˈtɒlədʒiˌdiɑnˈtɑlədʒi
mass nounPhilosophy
  • The study of the nature of duty and obligation.

    〔哲〕义务论

    Example sentencesExamples
    • While both deontologists and rule - utilitarians are rule-followers, deontology explicitly stresses duty and intention rather than outcome, whereas the ultimate focus of rule-utilitarianism is on consequences.
    • Another problem for virtue ethics, which is shared by both utilitarianism and deontology, is ‘the justification problem.’
    • Traditionally, the field of normative ethics is discussed in terms of two broad categories of ethical orientation, deontology and teleology.
    • There are two main categories of deontological theories in the literature: rule deontology and act deontology.
    • This may be the difference between Cohen's deontology, concerned with duty for its own sake, and a teleological world view, concerned with the consequences of actions.

Derivatives

  • deontological

  • adjective ˌdiːɒntəˈlɒdʒɪk(ə)l
    Philosophy
    • These theories are sometimes called deontological, from the Greek word deon, or duty, in view of the foundational nature of our duty or obligation.
      Example sentencesExamples
      • This distinction mirrors a major fault line in ethics between what are known as consequentialist and deontological theories.
      • Classic utilitarianism is consequentialist as opposed to deontological because of what it denies.
      • As with many hybrid views, the deontological and consequentialist components tend to pull apart, with each threatening to subordinate the other.
      • In the business ethics literature, one finds two dominant approaches to evaluate the ethical nature of one's conduct: teleological ethics and deontological ethics.
  • deontologist

  • noun
    Philosophy
    • Many of the leading approaches are commonly grouped into competing camps of deontologists and Kantians on the one hand and consequentialists or utilitarians on the other.
      Example sentencesExamples
      • When I visit a friend in the hospital, for example, for the deontologist I must be guided by a commitment to honor the moral law rather than by the actuality of my friend and her suffering.
      • It is consequentialist overall, but in the conduct of life, just as in the conduct of a game, rules and principles have the paramount authority that deontologists wish.
      • So, for example, a deontologist such as Immanuel Kant might say that lying is always morally wrong, even when it results in a greater good.
      • When asked to justify an alleged moral rule, duty or its corresponding right, deontologists may appeal to the intrinsic value of those beings to whom it applies.

Origin

Early 19th century: from Greek deont- 'being needed or necessary' (from dei 'it is necessary') + -logy.

Definition of deontology in US English:

deontology

nounˌdēänˈtäləjēˌdiɑnˈtɑlədʒi
Philosophy
  • The study of the nature of duty and obligation.

    〔哲〕义务论

    Example sentencesExamples
    • This may be the difference between Cohen's deontology, concerned with duty for its own sake, and a teleological world view, concerned with the consequences of actions.
    • There are two main categories of deontological theories in the literature: rule deontology and act deontology.
    • Another problem for virtue ethics, which is shared by both utilitarianism and deontology, is ‘the justification problem.’
    • Traditionally, the field of normative ethics is discussed in terms of two broad categories of ethical orientation, deontology and teleology.
    • While both deontologists and rule - utilitarians are rule-followers, deontology explicitly stresses duty and intention rather than outcome, whereas the ultimate focus of rule-utilitarianism is on consequences.

Origin

Early 19th century: from Greek deont- ‘being needed or necessary’ (from dei ‘it is necessary’) + -logy.

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