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词汇 metabolism
释义

Definition of metabolism in English:

metabolism

noun mɪˈtabəlɪz(ə)mməˈtæbəˌlɪzəm
mass noun
  • The chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life.

    新陈代谢

    the metabolism of fatty acids in the kidney
    with modifier abnormalities in protein metabolism
    Example sentencesExamples
    • These fragments are possibly the consequence of metabolism in plasma or kidney.
    • Altered carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism leads to a catabolic state.
    • Nitrogen uptake and metabolism are central for vegetative and reproductive plant growth.
    • Lysine metabolism in plants is regulated both by the rate of its synthesis and catabolism.
    • One of the effects of flavonoids is the ability to modulate xenobiotic metabolism.
    • There appears to be a common logic that can be discerned behind the list of these pleiotropic changes in cell metabolism.
    • Soluble carbohydrates have a key regulatory role in carbohydrate metabolism.
    • Seed germination is a developmental process of reactivation of metabolism to originate a new plant.
    • Phenotypic variation can be brought about by altering hormone metabolism.
    • There are many examples in which hexose metabolism is required for sensing.
    • Dietary fructose effects on lipoprotein metabolism and risk for coronary artery disease.
    • Legume seed development is closely related to metabolism and nutrient transport.
    • This whole process of metabolism is analogous to filling a tank with fluid until it overflows.
    • There are three enzyme systems directly involved in sucrose metabolism.
    • Cysteine represents the site at which sulphur enters amino acid metabolism.
    • The research programme aims to examine the nucleotide metabolism of germinating plant seeds.
    • It is also known that peroxisomal metabolism is lower in fish than in mammals.
    • In addition to carbohydrate metabolism, other processes were affected by stress.
    • These hormones are related to metabolism, and thus to nutritional and metabolic status.
    • Its function for anaerobic glycerol metabolism is unknown and in fact has not been studied so far.

Two kinds of metabolism are often distinguished: constructive metabolism, the synthesis of the proteins, carbohydrates, and fats which form tissue and store energy, and destructive metabolism, the breakdown of complex substances and the consequent production of energy and waste matter

Origin

Late 19th century: from Greek metabolē 'change' (from metaballein 'to change') + -ism.

  • midwife from Middle English:

    The original sense of midwife seems to have been ‘a woman who is with the mother’. Mid- here is not connected to middle, but is an old word meaning ‘with’ that is related to Greek meta ‘with’, which appears in English words beginning meta-, such as metabolism (late 19th century), metaphorical (mid 16th century), and metaphysics (mid 16th century). ‘A woman’ (rather than ‘a married woman’) is the oldest sense of wife, still used in Scotland.

Definition of metabolism in US English:

metabolism

nounməˈtabəˌlizəmməˈtæbəˌlɪzəm
  • The chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life.

    新陈代谢

    Two kinds of metabolism are often distinguished: constructive metabolism, the synthesis of the proteins, carbohydrates, and fats that form tissue and store energy, and destructive metabolism, the breakdown of complex substances and the consequent production of energy and waste matter

    the metabolism of fatty acids in the kidney
    with modifier abnormalities in protein metabolism
    Example sentencesExamples
    • In addition to carbohydrate metabolism, other processes were affected by stress.
    • Nitrogen uptake and metabolism are central for vegetative and reproductive plant growth.
    • Legume seed development is closely related to metabolism and nutrient transport.
    • Lysine metabolism in plants is regulated both by the rate of its synthesis and catabolism.
    • Cysteine represents the site at which sulphur enters amino acid metabolism.
    • There are three enzyme systems directly involved in sucrose metabolism.
    • There appears to be a common logic that can be discerned behind the list of these pleiotropic changes in cell metabolism.
    • There are many examples in which hexose metabolism is required for sensing.
    • It is also known that peroxisomal metabolism is lower in fish than in mammals.
    • Altered carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism leads to a catabolic state.
    • The research programme aims to examine the nucleotide metabolism of germinating plant seeds.
    • Its function for anaerobic glycerol metabolism is unknown and in fact has not been studied so far.
    • Dietary fructose effects on lipoprotein metabolism and risk for coronary artery disease.
    • Soluble carbohydrates have a key regulatory role in carbohydrate metabolism.
    • This whole process of metabolism is analogous to filling a tank with fluid until it overflows.
    • Phenotypic variation can be brought about by altering hormone metabolism.
    • One of the effects of flavonoids is the ability to modulate xenobiotic metabolism.
    • Seed germination is a developmental process of reactivation of metabolism to originate a new plant.
    • These fragments are possibly the consequence of metabolism in plasma or kidney.
    • These hormones are related to metabolism, and thus to nutritional and metabolic status.

Origin

Late 19th century: from Greek metabolē ‘change’ (from metaballein ‘to change’) + -ism.

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