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词汇 despotism
释义

Definition of despotism in English:

despotism

noun ˈdɛspətɪz(ə)mˈdɛspəˌtɪzəm
mass noun
  • 1The exercise of absolute power, especially in a cruel and oppressive way.

    (尤指严酷的)专制政治;专制;暴政

    the ideology of enlightened despotism

    开明专制的意识形态。

    Example sentencesExamples
    • The German law is wider, as it refers to persecution under National Socialism or any other form of despotism or tyranny.
    • The more we nourish widespread ambition, the less we have to fear the overweening power of mild despotism.
    • There is still a recognizable contrast with the European experience on the continent, with absolutism and enlightened despotism.
    • Today we define despotism (along with dictatorship and totalitarianism) as a form of government.
    • This places limits on governments and reduces the likelihood of tyranny and despotism.
    • The best way to do this is to actively encourage its sponsoring regimes towards democracy and away from the tyranny and despotism that breeds it.
    • The fact is that every Christian government that preceded them thought that Christianity implied tyranny, despotism, and the oppression of non-Christians.
    • They smack of totalitarian despotism, and their quaint claim for absolute certainty seems anachronistic in this postmodern age of relativism and deconstruction.
    • He wanted to free Europe from tyranny, oppression and despotism.
    • Along with magnanimous Turks and philosophical Persians, the Chinese as exemplars of the world's greatest enlightened despotism played an important role in transforming Europe's self-image.
    • The primary cause of all this danger is the Arab world's endemic despotism, corruption, poverty, and economic stagnation.
    • The corruption and despotism of his regime are not new phenomena.
    • From exile during the Revolutionary and Napoleonic period nobles and clergy who had defended their privileges against enlightened despotism before 1789 now saw things in a different light.
    • America was born in a revolution against Western imperialism, born as a haven of freedom against the tyrannies and despotism, the wars and intrigues of the old world.
    • This kind of freedom may coincide with the cruellest despotism and with the subjugation of the overwhelming majority of the people.
    • I do admire in that work your condemnation of arbitrary power and despotism as destructive of freedom.
    • That's not the rule of law; it's the arbitrary despotism of kings.
    • Cultural sovereigns in their own right, Ovid and Dante, despite official exile from their native home, had made their poetic stand against tyranny and despotism.
    • Some believe that the only solution for government in parts of the world is for there to be tyranny or despotism.
    • In a word, no distinction was now drawn between despotism, tyranny, and absolute monarchy.
    Synonyms
    tyranny, dictatorship, totalitarianism, authoritarianism, absolute rule, absolutism
    oppression, repression, suppression
    autocracy, monocracy, autarchy
    1. 1.1count noun A country or political system where the ruler holds absolute power.
      专制国家;专制政治制度
      some nations are democracies, others are despotisms
      Example sentencesExamples
      • Of course, history has been replete with despotisms and petty dictatorships.
      • As the poet Walt Whitman once wrote, ‘A democracy may rule as outrageously as a despotism.’
      • While the existence of dissident voices should never be ignored, the French monarchy was nevertheless viewed by the majority of its subjects not as a despotism, but as a government tempered by the laws.
      • This was because refugees and terrorists were widely regarded as freedom fighters, against Continental despotisms.
      • The Temple elite did what it took to see that a political charge was made against him and Rome, alive to politics, not theology, did what despotisms do best.
      • In the modern world it is only despotisms which have recourse to the firing squad or the noose.
      • Machiavelli relied heavily on the dichotomy between republican and princely government, Montesquieu on a trichotomy of republics, monarchies, and despotisms.
      • Warmongering liberals have effectively been as great a bane to human liberty at home and abroad as any foreign dictator, and a considerable number of modern despotisms have emerged from the wreckage of misguided liberal zeal.
      • Inside the UN, a bloody despotism is every inch the equal of a liberal democracy.
      • Russia closely resembled the ancient Oriental despotisms such as those in Mesopotamia and pharaonic Egypt, where the rulers were the exclusive owners of all that lay within their domain.
      • Unless appropriate checks and balances are constructed, we'll inevitably end up with a malign despotism.
      • Not only was their empire a military despotism, it was also peculiarly distrustful of any form of self-help, much less self-government, on the part of its subjects.
      • As in so much else, the French revolutionary regime was the precursor of the centralized, totalitarian, managerial, pseudo-democratic despotisms that now reign over the West.
      • Though the Syrian and Iraqi Baath parties were bitter foes, there was consolation in that both were members of a confederacy of despotisms.
      • They typically sealed their victory by unseating kings, although often creating a new despotism.
      • He also charged that ‘the men in power are attempting to establish a despotism in this country, more cruel and more oppressive than ever existed before.’
      • Stalin's paranoid nature turned the regime into a dangerous despotism.
      • Russia was a despotism and there's a difference; Britain wasn't, and hadn't been for a long, long time and was never going to be again, and finally that made all the difference.
      • Hardly - like DPF, I think that it was a murderous totalitarian despotism whose passing should not be mourned for an instant.
      • In other words, the United States, to satisfy the State Department and certain of our so-called allies in the region, must be complicit in the creation of a new despotism.

Origin

Early 18th century: from French despotisme, from despote (see despot).

Definition of despotism in US English:

despotism

nounˈdɛspəˌtɪzəmˈdespəˌtizəm
  • 1The exercise of absolute power, especially in a cruel and oppressive way.

    (尤指严酷的)专制政治;专制;暴政

    the King's arbitrary despotism
    Example sentencesExamples
    • The fact is that every Christian government that preceded them thought that Christianity implied tyranny, despotism, and the oppression of non-Christians.
    • The corruption and despotism of his regime are not new phenomena.
    • There is still a recognizable contrast with the European experience on the continent, with absolutism and enlightened despotism.
    • I do admire in that work your condemnation of arbitrary power and despotism as destructive of freedom.
    • The more we nourish widespread ambition, the less we have to fear the overweening power of mild despotism.
    • This places limits on governments and reduces the likelihood of tyranny and despotism.
    • Today we define despotism (along with dictatorship and totalitarianism) as a form of government.
    • From exile during the Revolutionary and Napoleonic period nobles and clergy who had defended their privileges against enlightened despotism before 1789 now saw things in a different light.
    • Along with magnanimous Turks and philosophical Persians, the Chinese as exemplars of the world's greatest enlightened despotism played an important role in transforming Europe's self-image.
    • Some believe that the only solution for government in parts of the world is for there to be tyranny or despotism.
    • This kind of freedom may coincide with the cruellest despotism and with the subjugation of the overwhelming majority of the people.
    • The primary cause of all this danger is the Arab world's endemic despotism, corruption, poverty, and economic stagnation.
    • He wanted to free Europe from tyranny, oppression and despotism.
    • The German law is wider, as it refers to persecution under National Socialism or any other form of despotism or tyranny.
    • The best way to do this is to actively encourage its sponsoring regimes towards democracy and away from the tyranny and despotism that breeds it.
    • Cultural sovereigns in their own right, Ovid and Dante, despite official exile from their native home, had made their poetic stand against tyranny and despotism.
    • That's not the rule of law; it's the arbitrary despotism of kings.
    • America was born in a revolution against Western imperialism, born as a haven of freedom against the tyrannies and despotism, the wars and intrigues of the old world.
    • In a word, no distinction was now drawn between despotism, tyranny, and absolute monarchy.
    • They smack of totalitarian despotism, and their quaint claim for absolute certainty seems anachronistic in this postmodern age of relativism and deconstruction.
    Synonyms
    tyranny, dictatorship, totalitarianism, authoritarianism, absolute rule, absolutism
    1. 1.1 A country or political system where the ruler holds absolute power.
      专制国家;专制政治制度
      Example sentencesExamples
      • Russia was a despotism and there's a difference; Britain wasn't, and hadn't been for a long, long time and was never going to be again, and finally that made all the difference.
      • He also charged that ‘the men in power are attempting to establish a despotism in this country, more cruel and more oppressive than ever existed before.’
      • As in so much else, the French revolutionary regime was the precursor of the centralized, totalitarian, managerial, pseudo-democratic despotisms that now reign over the West.
      • Machiavelli relied heavily on the dichotomy between republican and princely government, Montesquieu on a trichotomy of republics, monarchies, and despotisms.
      • While the existence of dissident voices should never be ignored, the French monarchy was nevertheless viewed by the majority of its subjects not as a despotism, but as a government tempered by the laws.
      • As the poet Walt Whitman once wrote, ‘A democracy may rule as outrageously as a despotism.’
      • This was because refugees and terrorists were widely regarded as freedom fighters, against Continental despotisms.
      • Though the Syrian and Iraqi Baath parties were bitter foes, there was consolation in that both were members of a confederacy of despotisms.
      • The Temple elite did what it took to see that a political charge was made against him and Rome, alive to politics, not theology, did what despotisms do best.
      • Hardly - like DPF, I think that it was a murderous totalitarian despotism whose passing should not be mourned for an instant.
      • Stalin's paranoid nature turned the regime into a dangerous despotism.
      • In other words, the United States, to satisfy the State Department and certain of our so-called allies in the region, must be complicit in the creation of a new despotism.
      • Russia closely resembled the ancient Oriental despotisms such as those in Mesopotamia and pharaonic Egypt, where the rulers were the exclusive owners of all that lay within their domain.
      • Unless appropriate checks and balances are constructed, we'll inevitably end up with a malign despotism.
      • Warmongering liberals have effectively been as great a bane to human liberty at home and abroad as any foreign dictator, and a considerable number of modern despotisms have emerged from the wreckage of misguided liberal zeal.
      • Inside the UN, a bloody despotism is every inch the equal of a liberal democracy.
      • Of course, history has been replete with despotisms and petty dictatorships.
      • In the modern world it is only despotisms which have recourse to the firing squad or the noose.
      • They typically sealed their victory by unseating kings, although often creating a new despotism.
      • Not only was their empire a military despotism, it was also peculiarly distrustful of any form of self-help, much less self-government, on the part of its subjects.

Origin

Early 18th century: from French despotisme, from despote (see despot).

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