Definition of spine in English:

spine

noun spʌɪnspaɪn

1A series of vertebrae extending from the skull to the small of the back, enclosing the spinal cord and providing support for the thorax and abdomen; the backbone.
脊柱
a soft voice that sent a shiver down her spine
Example sentencesExamples
- A leg press machine is ideal, if available, as the spine is supported and the exercise simulates functional activities.
- A few other causes of low back pain are arthritis in the bones of your spine and narrowing of your spinal canal.
- This applies to an abnormality of an intervertebral disc in the spine.
- It works the muscles of your lower and middle back, which support and extend your spine.
- In addition to testing spinal motion in flexion, the standing child should be asked to extend the spine by bending backward.
- The coccygeus is a small muscle of the pelvic diaphragm, which connects the ischial spine to the sacrum and the coccyx.
- For example, when a bony joint in the spine, called a vertebra, is out of place, it is called a vertebral subluxation.
- Occasionally some fibers arising from the scapular spine extend superficially over the surface of the muscle and end in the skin of the arm.
- By doing this, there is generally a lift of the rib cage and a straightening of the upper spine or cervical vertebra.
- Cervical nerve roots exit the cervical spine through the intervertebral foramina between the vertebrae.
- From the skull extends the spine of the whale, and the hump of the whale rises above the larger vertebrae.
- The bones most likely to break as a result of osteoporosis are the hip, wrist and the vertebrae of the spine.
- One is a broken awl, probably made from the neural spine of a bison vertebra.
- It can result in spina bifida, where the bones of the spine do not completely enclose the spinal cord.
- Paget's disease most commonly affects your skull, spine and the bones in your arms, legs and pelvis.
- Direct injury to the spine may cause a bone fracture anywhere along your vertebral column.
- I tore my dura, which is the wrap around my spine which holds in spinal fluid.
- I had fractured two vertebrae in my upper spine between my shoulder blades.
- Below the lumbar spine is the sacrum, which is actually five vertebrae fused into one bone.
- The skull, spine and spinal movement, the pelvis, upper and lower legs and foot movements are examined.
Synonyms
backbone, spinal column, vertebral column, vertebrae
back
technical dorsum, rachis
1. 1.1 The central feature or main source of strength of something.
  〈喻〉中心力量；中流砥柱
  players of high quality who will form the spine of our side
  将成为我们队主力的运动员。
  Puerto Rico's mountainous spine
  波多黎各岛的中心山地。
  Example sentencesExamples
  The main spine would run between the existing and heavily-used west coast and east coast lines, with spurs to Birmingham, Leeds and Manchester.
  With Thierry Henry, a healthy Sol and a Viera who doesn't have to carry the midfield by himself, the spine of the team is still marvellously strong, it just needs adding to.
  Farina has positioned them down the spine of the team; Moore at centre back, Cahill in the midfield and Aloisi up front.
  He has featured in the spine of any Aberdeen sides reaching out towards respectability in the past seven years.
  He chose to leave wingers Derek Townsley and Kevin Twaddle on the bench in an attempt to strengthen the spine of the side, and it proved a fine piece of judgment.
  He may have been missing the spine of his team, but there was no lack of backbone in his team's performance.
  No Alan Cummins, no Alan Browne, no Noel Keane, the spine of the team.
  Key players down the spine of the team - notably Hyppia, Henchoz and Hamann - are starting to betray their age.
  Pocklington's Mal Harrison provided the spine to his team's 154-7 with a steady 57.
  Despite the kitty being slightly emptier than last season, Patterson has managed to retain the spine of his side and even to build upon it.
  That team has solid foundations, because the spine of the side is very strong.
  The spine incorporates Main and Fox streets, where pedestrians treading on the colourful paved streets have right of way.
  All but full forward Noel Costelloe in the central spine of the team were switched from their starting positions.
  Strange can paper over these cracks, but much more alarming for him are the below par performances of two players he was entitled to regard as helping to shape the spine of his side.
  Sited at the northern end of the campus, the building wraps around a shared plaza that is bisected by one of the university's main pedestrian spines.
  No Turley, Duffy, Martyn or Knott - four major players missing from the spine of the team.
  They had a solid spine in central defenders David Gorry and Stuart Gleeson and midfielders Conlon and the youthful Declan Gormley.
  In accommodating the redoubtable spine of the side Strachan inherited, only Aliadiere of the summer striking signings was deployed from the start.
  The bearded coach is looking to the spine of the team to supply the base for victory.
  Olivier Tebily and Stephane Mahe have hardly played since then and with Chris Sutton already on board, the spine of the team was taking shape.
  Synonyms
  mainstay, backbone, cornerstone, foundation, basis
2. 1.2mass noun Resolution or strength of character.
  〈喻〉骨气；坚定；勇气
  Example sentencesExamples
  But wait, surely our PM might step in around election time and show some spine.
  First, a little sweetener never goes amiss to put some spine into your bought-and-paid-for pol.
  In another case, also featuring a desperate mother and a child who'd gone bad, Judge Hatchett lectured the mother to get some spine.
  He is one of the few men who had enough spine to stand up to Mrs Thatcher and thus found himself out of a job for fifteen years.
  But even his critics, like me, have to point out that he gave us some spine, he gave us some soul.
  Still, it's nice to see the Beltway Dems showing some spine on this one.
  Sabu's youthful charm and popularity encouraged Alex to build his future Empire films with a more careful regard for character and a stronger dramatic spine.
  And there are men and women of spine in the private media in Zimbabwe who are determined to continue doing their job despite all the risks.
  And if that fails and you show some spine, then they simply lie about you.
  Walls are for cowards - those of massive ego but flimsy spine.
  Australia desperately needs a statesman/woman to get through the very difficult times ahead, someone with integrity and spine.
  McCormack is breaking with his pattern of cowardice and exhibiting some spine for a change.
  It seems more plausible that this was not an attempt to put spine in the United Nations and NATO, but to discredit them.
  They're also complete cowards lacking any kind of spine.
  The actors need a lot more work with their props and seeing as we're supposed to be watching savage highland warriors, the men need to grow a bit of spine.
  I'm not a big fan of Frist to begin with, but I think Allen has more spine.
  Crikey can bring you a sneak preview from what is a wonderful piece that Herald editors will hopefully develop some spine over and run in tomorrow's paper.
  Synonyms
  strength of character, strength of will, firmness of purpose, firmness, resolution, resolve, determination, fortitude, mettle, moral fibre, backbone, steel, nerve, spirit, pluck, pluckiness, courage, courageousness, bravery, braveness, valour, manliness
  informal guts, grit, spunk
  British informal bottle
  vulgar slang balls
2The part of a book's jacket or cover that encloses the inner edges of the pages, facing outwards when the book is on a shelf and typically bearing the title and the author's name.
书脊
Example sentencesExamples
- Yet its opulent, mouldering furnishings appear intact, its books look down from the shelves, their spines unspoiled but their pages crumbled by termites.
- It is beautifully bound in half-leather, with richly gold-tooled spine and sumptuous marbled end-papers.
- Their copies gleam shiny black and perfect, with uncracked spines, uncreased pages, and a redesigned cover.
- Most packages contain two tapes within a box about the size of a book, arranged on bookstore shelves with the spine displaying the author and title.
- Another strange detail in the image is revealed through a close examination of the book spines on a shelf in the room, among which a single title is reversed.
- The TV cabinet was a curbside find that Nan disguised with old book covers and spines to make it look like a bookcase.
- Fitzsimmons moved his light around and saw that the blood was splattered over one of the shelves and ran in rivulets down spines of the books.
- As she entered the waiting room, she noticed Adam standing by the bookcase, looking at the titles printed on the spines of the books.
- She brought her piano from home and put it against one wall, right next to a bookshelf containing some board games, not far from shelves lined with books, their spines worn and inviting.
- On the very first visit as I browsed the shelves, the name Miklos Szentkuthy on the spine of a book caught my eye and brought a flood of memories.
- Skyway's trails are easy, and its northeastern section provides a dramatic view of the Book Cliffs, deeply eroded shale walls that resemble taupe book spines lined up on a shelf.
- You may need to repair the spine and actual page bindings in order to install a new cover.
- Niko laughed at me when I ran my fingers across the book's spines and flipped through the pages in order to breathe in the scent of crisp parchment.
- There's two stacks: one with bent spines and dull covers, the other with straight spines and shiny perfect covers.
- The books remained on the shelf, but their spines were broken.
- It had been several minutes when Lara noticed Sasha's head turned sideways, reading the titles of the books on their spines.
- It's fantastic news which should put the rest of us who aspire to have our names on book spines to shame…
- The copyright page of my Random House Collegiate Dictionary, like the book's cover and spine, disappeared years ago.
- Yet the figurative illusion disappears when one peers under the glass shelves to read the spines of both Chinese and English books; then it is obvious these are not bodies, but books.
- She'd run her fingers gently over the book spines and read the titles he kept on the shelf above his writing desk.
3Zoology Botany
Any hard, pointed defensive projection or structure, such as a prickle of a hedgehog, a spike-like projection on a sea urchin, a sharp ray in a fish's fin, or a spike on the stem of a plant.
〔动，植〕棘，刺（如刺猬和海胆的刺）；鱼鳍的刺；植物上的刺
Example sentencesExamples
- The dorsal and pectoral fins have hard spines whereas the other rays are soft like the anal and caudal fins.
- The fins have strong leading rays, which form a row of sharp spines along the dorsal fin.
- Moreover, the auxiliary spines project from the ventral spines at approximately the same angle.
- Bream have a needle sharp set of spines running through the dorsal fin similar to bass.
- The sheath of thin bony plates extends beyond the head to form spines dorsally and ventrally.
Synonyms
needle, quill, bristle, barb, spike, prickle
thorn
technical spicule, spicula, spiculum, spinule
4A linear pay scale operated by some large organizations that allows flexibility for local and specific conditions.
直线型薪酬级别制（大型机构实行的一种薪酬级别制，薪酬因地区及具体情况的不同而有所变化）
Example sentencesExamples
- This introduced a new harmonised pay spine, allowing the lowest paid staff to climb the salary scale quicker.
- Lecturers had already staged four one-day strikes in protest at the job losses and management's refusal to implement a national harmonised pay spine to make the pay system fairer.
- They say academic staff will get at least 6.5% by August 2004, with a further 1.2% on average where universities and colleges can introduce the new pay spine by that date.
- There were two parts to the deal - a 3 percent pay increase and a second tranche that would introduce a new pay spine to allow many staff to get to a higher pay level more quickly.
- The new salary introduces two forms of performance related pay: the revamped merit award scheme and the basic pay spine.
5Geology
A tall mass of viscous lava extruded from a volcano.
〔地质〕火山栓，熔岩塔
the Mt Pelee spine was exceptional only for its extreme height—over 300 metres
Example sentencesExamples
- East of Eagle Harbor, Brockway Mountain Drive climbs the Keweenaw's volcanic spine.
- It's an area of tundra and lakes with the volcanic spine of the Alaskan peninsula visible in the distance.
- From north and south, swamps or dense jungle rose toward a volcanic spine that was thought for decades to be too wild to support human life.

Derivatives

spined

adjective

in combination broken-spined paperbacks
书脊残破的平装本书。
Example sentencesExamples
- The wasp then digs a burrow nearby using her strongly spined forelegs alternately.
- Nothing worth jumping for joy in the first three, but there in Philosophy were a couple of grey spined illegibly titled books.
- This is classic Chinese gardening at its finest with dragon spined walls, glazed porcelain tiles and an abundance of well-pruned plants and peaceful ponds.
- These small fish are deep bodied with a long spined dorsal fin.
- Leaves are quite different from H. foetidus, having three large, spined leaflets.

Origin

Late Middle English: shortening of Old French espine, or from Latin spina 'thorn, prickle, backbone'.

Spine is from Latin spina ‘thorn, prickle, backbone’. The word has been used to denote the back of a book from the 1920s. Spinney (late 16th century) is a shortening of Old French espinei, from an alteration of Latin spinetum ‘thicket’, from spina.

Rhymes

align, assign, benign, brine, chine, cline, combine, condign, confine, consign, dine, divine, dyne, enshrine, entwine, fine, frontline, hardline, interline, intertwine, kine, Klein, line, Main, malign, mine, moline, nine, on-line, opine, outshine, pine, Rhein, Rhine, shine, shrine, sign, sine, spline, stein, Strine, swine, syne, thine, tine, trine, twine, Tyne, underline, undermine, vine, whine, wine

Definition of spine in US English:

spine

nounspīnspaɪn

1A series of vertebrae extending from the skull to the small of the back, enclosing the spinal cord and providing support for the thorax and abdomen; the backbone.
脊柱
Example sentencesExamples
- The bones most likely to break as a result of osteoporosis are the hip, wrist and the vertebrae of the spine.
- By doing this, there is generally a lift of the rib cage and a straightening of the upper spine or cervical vertebra.
- I tore my dura, which is the wrap around my spine which holds in spinal fluid.
- The coccygeus is a small muscle of the pelvic diaphragm, which connects the ischial spine to the sacrum and the coccyx.
- From the skull extends the spine of the whale, and the hump of the whale rises above the larger vertebrae.
- Occasionally some fibers arising from the scapular spine extend superficially over the surface of the muscle and end in the skin of the arm.
- For example, when a bony joint in the spine, called a vertebra, is out of place, it is called a vertebral subluxation.
- It can result in spina bifida, where the bones of the spine do not completely enclose the spinal cord.
- I had fractured two vertebrae in my upper spine between my shoulder blades.
- In addition to testing spinal motion in flexion, the standing child should be asked to extend the spine by bending backward.
- A leg press machine is ideal, if available, as the spine is supported and the exercise simulates functional activities.
- Cervical nerve roots exit the cervical spine through the intervertebral foramina between the vertebrae.
- Direct injury to the spine may cause a bone fracture anywhere along your vertebral column.
- It works the muscles of your lower and middle back, which support and extend your spine.
- A few other causes of low back pain are arthritis in the bones of your spine and narrowing of your spinal canal.
- Paget's disease most commonly affects your skull, spine and the bones in your arms, legs and pelvis.
- One is a broken awl, probably made from the neural spine of a bison vertebra.
- The skull, spine and spinal movement, the pelvis, upper and lower legs and foot movements are examined.
- Below the lumbar spine is the sacrum, which is actually five vertebrae fused into one bone.
- This applies to an abnormality of an intervertebral disc in the spine.
Synonyms
backbone, spinal column, vertebral column, vertebrae
1. 1.1 A thing's central feature or main source of strength.
  〈喻〉中心力量；中流砥柱
  players who will form the spine of our team
  将成为我们队主力的运动员。
  Example sentencesExamples
  With Thierry Henry, a healthy Sol and a Viera who doesn't have to carry the midfield by himself, the spine of the team is still marvellously strong, it just needs adding to.
  No Turley, Duffy, Martyn or Knott - four major players missing from the spine of the team.
  The main spine would run between the existing and heavily-used west coast and east coast lines, with spurs to Birmingham, Leeds and Manchester.
  The spine incorporates Main and Fox streets, where pedestrians treading on the colourful paved streets have right of way.
  That team has solid foundations, because the spine of the side is very strong.
  All but full forward Noel Costelloe in the central spine of the team were switched from their starting positions.
  They had a solid spine in central defenders David Gorry and Stuart Gleeson and midfielders Conlon and the youthful Declan Gormley.
  Pocklington's Mal Harrison provided the spine to his team's 154-7 with a steady 57.
  He may have been missing the spine of his team, but there was no lack of backbone in his team's performance.
  In accommodating the redoubtable spine of the side Strachan inherited, only Aliadiere of the summer striking signings was deployed from the start.
  Olivier Tebily and Stephane Mahe have hardly played since then and with Chris Sutton already on board, the spine of the team was taking shape.
  He chose to leave wingers Derek Townsley and Kevin Twaddle on the bench in an attempt to strengthen the spine of the side, and it proved a fine piece of judgment.
  Sited at the northern end of the campus, the building wraps around a shared plaza that is bisected by one of the university's main pedestrian spines.
  Strange can paper over these cracks, but much more alarming for him are the below par performances of two players he was entitled to regard as helping to shape the spine of his side.
  Farina has positioned them down the spine of the team; Moore at centre back, Cahill in the midfield and Aloisi up front.
  Key players down the spine of the team - notably Hyppia, Henchoz and Hamann - are starting to betray their age.
  The bearded coach is looking to the spine of the team to supply the base for victory.
  Despite the kitty being slightly emptier than last season, Patterson has managed to retain the spine of his side and even to build upon it.
  No Alan Cummins, no Alan Browne, no Noel Keane, the spine of the team.
  He has featured in the spine of any Aberdeen sides reaching out towards respectability in the past seven years.
  Synonyms
  mainstay, backbone, cornerstone, foundation, basis
2. 1.2 Resolution or strength of character.
  〈喻〉骨气；坚定；勇气
  Example sentencesExamples
  But even his critics, like me, have to point out that he gave us some spine, he gave us some soul.
  McCormack is breaking with his pattern of cowardice and exhibiting some spine for a change.
  And there are men and women of spine in the private media in Zimbabwe who are determined to continue doing their job despite all the risks.
  He is one of the few men who had enough spine to stand up to Mrs Thatcher and thus found himself out of a job for fifteen years.
  Still, it's nice to see the Beltway Dems showing some spine on this one.
  It seems more plausible that this was not an attempt to put spine in the United Nations and NATO, but to discredit them.
  The actors need a lot more work with their props and seeing as we're supposed to be watching savage highland warriors, the men need to grow a bit of spine.
  Sabu's youthful charm and popularity encouraged Alex to build his future Empire films with a more careful regard for character and a stronger dramatic spine.
  Crikey can bring you a sneak preview from what is a wonderful piece that Herald editors will hopefully develop some spine over and run in tomorrow's paper.
  But wait, surely our PM might step in around election time and show some spine.
  In another case, also featuring a desperate mother and a child who'd gone bad, Judge Hatchett lectured the mother to get some spine.
  They're also complete cowards lacking any kind of spine.
  First, a little sweetener never goes amiss to put some spine into your bought-and-paid-for pol.
  Walls are for cowards - those of massive ego but flimsy spine.
  Australia desperately needs a statesman/woman to get through the very difficult times ahead, someone with integrity and spine.
  I'm not a big fan of Frist to begin with, but I think Allen has more spine.
  And if that fails and you show some spine, then they simply lie about you.
  Synonyms
  strength of character, strength of will, firmness of purpose, firmness, resolution, resolve, determination, fortitude, mettle, moral fibre, backbone, steel, nerve, spirit, pluck, pluckiness, courage, courageousness, bravery, braveness, valour, manliness
2The part of a book's jacket or cover that encloses the inner edges of the pages, facing outward when the book is on a shelf and typically bearing the title and the author's name.
书脊
Example sentencesExamples
- Yet the figurative illusion disappears when one peers under the glass shelves to read the spines of both Chinese and English books; then it is obvious these are not bodies, but books.
- She'd run her fingers gently over the book spines and read the titles he kept on the shelf above his writing desk.
- It had been several minutes when Lara noticed Sasha's head turned sideways, reading the titles of the books on their spines.
- She brought her piano from home and put it against one wall, right next to a bookshelf containing some board games, not far from shelves lined with books, their spines worn and inviting.
- It's fantastic news which should put the rest of us who aspire to have our names on book spines to shame…
- You may need to repair the spine and actual page bindings in order to install a new cover.
- Their copies gleam shiny black and perfect, with uncracked spines, uncreased pages, and a redesigned cover.
- Fitzsimmons moved his light around and saw that the blood was splattered over one of the shelves and ran in rivulets down spines of the books.
- Another strange detail in the image is revealed through a close examination of the book spines on a shelf in the room, among which a single title is reversed.
- It is beautifully bound in half-leather, with richly gold-tooled spine and sumptuous marbled end-papers.
- The TV cabinet was a curbside find that Nan disguised with old book covers and spines to make it look like a bookcase.
- Niko laughed at me when I ran my fingers across the book's spines and flipped through the pages in order to breathe in the scent of crisp parchment.
- Most packages contain two tapes within a box about the size of a book, arranged on bookstore shelves with the spine displaying the author and title.
- On the very first visit as I browsed the shelves, the name Miklos Szentkuthy on the spine of a book caught my eye and brought a flood of memories.
- The copyright page of my Random House Collegiate Dictionary, like the book's cover and spine, disappeared years ago.
- The books remained on the shelf, but their spines were broken.
- Skyway's trails are easy, and its northeastern section provides a dramatic view of the Book Cliffs, deeply eroded shale walls that resemble taupe book spines lined up on a shelf.
- As she entered the waiting room, she noticed Adam standing by the bookcase, looking at the titles printed on the spines of the books.
- Yet its opulent, mouldering furnishings appear intact, its books look down from the shelves, their spines unspoiled but their pages crumbled by termites.
- There's two stacks: one with bent spines and dull covers, the other with straight spines and shiny perfect covers.
3Botany Zoology
Any hard, pointed defensive projection or structure, such as a prickle of a hedgehog, a spike-like projection on a sea urchin, a sharp ray in a fish's fin, or a spike on the stem of a plant.
〔动，植〕棘，刺（如刺猬和海胆的刺）；鱼鳍的刺；植物上的刺
Example sentencesExamples
- The fins have strong leading rays, which form a row of sharp spines along the dorsal fin.
- The dorsal and pectoral fins have hard spines whereas the other rays are soft like the anal and caudal fins.
- The sheath of thin bony plates extends beyond the head to form spines dorsally and ventrally.
- Moreover, the auxiliary spines project from the ventral spines at approximately the same angle.
- Bream have a needle sharp set of spines running through the dorsal fin similar to bass.
Synonyms
needle, quill, bristle, barb, spike, prickle
4Geology
A tall mass of viscous lava extruded from a volcano.
〔地质〕火山栓，熔岩塔
Example sentencesExamples
- It's an area of tundra and lakes with the volcanic spine of the Alaskan peninsula visible in the distance.
- From north and south, swamps or dense jungle rose toward a volcanic spine that was thought for decades to be too wild to support human life.
- East of Eagle Harbor, Brockway Mountain Drive climbs the Keweenaw's volcanic spine.

Origin

Late Middle English: shortening of Old French espine, or from Latin spina ‘thorn, prickle, backbone’.

词汇	spine
释义	Definition of spine in English: spine noun spʌɪnspaɪn 1A series of vertebrae extending from the skull to the small of the back, enclosing the spinal cord and providing support for the thorax and abdomen; the backbone. 脊柱 a soft voice that sent a shiver down her spine Example sentencesExamples A leg press machine is ideal, if available, as the spine is supported and the exercise simulates functional activities. A few other causes of low back pain are arthritis in the bones of your spine and narrowing of your spinal canal. This applies to an abnormality of an intervertebral disc in the spine. It works the muscles of your lower and middle back, which support and extend your spine. In addition to testing spinal motion in flexion, the standing child should be asked to extend the spine by bending backward. The coccygeus is a small muscle of the pelvic diaphragm, which connects the ischial spine to the sacrum and the coccyx. For example, when a bony joint in the spine, called a vertebra, is out of place, it is called a vertebral subluxation. Occasionally some fibers arising from the scapular spine extend superficially over the surface of the muscle and end in the skin of the arm. By doing this, there is generally a lift of the rib cage and a straightening of the upper spine or cervical vertebra. Cervical nerve roots exit the cervical spine through the intervertebral foramina between the vertebrae. From the skull extends the spine of the whale, and the hump of the whale rises above the larger vertebrae. The bones most likely to break as a result of osteoporosis are the hip, wrist and the vertebrae of the spine. One is a broken awl, probably made from the neural spine of a bison vertebra. It can result in spina bifida, where the bones of the spine do not completely enclose the spinal cord. Paget's disease most commonly affects your skull, spine and the bones in your arms, legs and pelvis. Direct injury to the spine may cause a bone fracture anywhere along your vertebral column. I tore my dura, which is the wrap around my spine which holds in spinal fluid. I had fractured two vertebrae in my upper spine between my shoulder blades. Below the lumbar spine is the sacrum, which is actually five vertebrae fused into one bone. The skull, spine and spinal movement, the pelvis, upper and lower legs and foot movements are examined. Synonyms backbone, spinal column, vertebral column, vertebrae back technical dorsum, rachis 1.1 The central feature or main source of strength of something. 〈喻〉中心力量；中流砥柱 players of high quality who will form the spine of our side 将成为我们队主力的运动员。 Puerto Rico's mountainous spine 波多黎各岛的中心山地。 Example sentencesExamples The main spine would run between the existing and heavily-used west coast and east coast lines, with spurs to Birmingham, Leeds and Manchester. With Thierry Henry, a healthy Sol and a Viera who doesn't have to carry the midfield by himself, the spine of the team is still marvellously strong, it just needs adding to. Farina has positioned them down the spine of the team; Moore at centre back, Cahill in the midfield and Aloisi up front. He has featured in the spine of any Aberdeen sides reaching out towards respectability in the past seven years. He chose to leave wingers Derek Townsley and Kevin Twaddle on the bench in an attempt to strengthen the spine of the side, and it proved a fine piece of judgment. He may have been missing the spine of his team, but there was no lack of backbone in his team's performance. No Alan Cummins, no Alan Browne, no Noel Keane, the spine of the team. Key players down the spine of the team - notably Hyppia, Henchoz and Hamann - are starting to betray their age. Pocklington's Mal Harrison provided the spine to his team's 154-7 with a steady 57. Despite the kitty being slightly emptier than last season, Patterson has managed to retain the spine of his side and even to build upon it. That team has solid foundations, because the spine of the side is very strong. The spine incorporates Main and Fox streets, where pedestrians treading on the colourful paved streets have right of way. All but full forward Noel Costelloe in the central spine of the team were switched from their starting positions. Strange can paper over these cracks, but much more alarming for him are the below par performances of two players he was entitled to regard as helping to shape the spine of his side. Sited at the northern end of the campus, the building wraps around a shared plaza that is bisected by one of the university's main pedestrian spines. No Turley, Duffy, Martyn or Knott - four major players missing from the spine of the team. They had a solid spine in central defenders David Gorry and Stuart Gleeson and midfielders Conlon and the youthful Declan Gormley. In accommodating the redoubtable spine of the side Strachan inherited, only Aliadiere of the summer striking signings was deployed from the start. The bearded coach is looking to the spine of the team to supply the base for victory. Olivier Tebily and Stephane Mahe have hardly played since then and with Chris Sutton already on board, the spine of the team was taking shape. Synonyms mainstay, backbone, cornerstone, foundation, basis 1.2mass noun Resolution or strength of character. 〈喻〉骨气；坚定；勇气 Example sentencesExamples But wait, surely our PM might step in around election time and show some spine. First, a little sweetener never goes amiss to put some spine into your bought-and-paid-for pol. In another case, also featuring a desperate mother and a child who'd gone bad, Judge Hatchett lectured the mother to get some spine. He is one of the few men who had enough spine to stand up to Mrs Thatcher and thus found himself out of a job for fifteen years. But even his critics, like me, have to point out that he gave us some spine, he gave us some soul. Still, it's nice to see the Beltway Dems showing some spine on this one. Sabu's youthful charm and popularity encouraged Alex to build his future Empire films with a more careful regard for character and a stronger dramatic spine. And there are men and women of spine in the private media in Zimbabwe who are determined to continue doing their job despite all the risks. And if that fails and you show some spine, then they simply lie about you. Walls are for cowards - those of massive ego but flimsy spine. Australia desperately needs a statesman/woman to get through the very difficult times ahead, someone with integrity and spine. McCormack is breaking with his pattern of cowardice and exhibiting some spine for a change. It seems more plausible that this was not an attempt to put spine in the United Nations and NATO, but to discredit them. They're also complete cowards lacking any kind of spine. The actors need a lot more work with their props and seeing as we're supposed to be watching savage highland warriors, the men need to grow a bit of spine. I'm not a big fan of Frist to begin with, but I think Allen has more spine. Crikey can bring you a sneak preview from what is a wonderful piece that Herald editors will hopefully develop some spine over and run in tomorrow's paper. Synonyms strength of character, strength of will, firmness of purpose, firmness, resolution, resolve, determination, fortitude, mettle, moral fibre, backbone, steel, nerve, spirit, pluck, pluckiness, courage, courageousness, bravery, braveness, valour, manliness informal guts, grit, spunk British informal bottle vulgar slang balls 2The part of a book's jacket or cover that encloses the inner edges of the pages, facing outwards when the book is on a shelf and typically bearing the title and the author's name. 书脊 Example sentencesExamples Yet its opulent, mouldering furnishings appear intact, its books look down from the shelves, their spines unspoiled but their pages crumbled by termites. It is beautifully bound in half-leather, with richly gold-tooled spine and sumptuous marbled end-papers. Their copies gleam shiny black and perfect, with uncracked spines, uncreased pages, and a redesigned cover. Most packages contain two tapes within a box about the size of a book, arranged on bookstore shelves with the spine displaying the author and title. Another strange detail in the image is revealed through a close examination of the book spines on a shelf in the room, among which a single title is reversed. The TV cabinet was a curbside find that Nan disguised with old book covers and spines to make it look like a bookcase. Fitzsimmons moved his light around and saw that the blood was splattered over one of the shelves and ran in rivulets down spines of the books. As she entered the waiting room, she noticed Adam standing by the bookcase, looking at the titles printed on the spines of the books. She brought her piano from home and put it against one wall, right next to a bookshelf containing some board games, not far from shelves lined with books, their spines worn and inviting. On the very first visit as I browsed the shelves, the name Miklos Szentkuthy on the spine of a book caught my eye and brought a flood of memories. Skyway's trails are easy, and its northeastern section provides a dramatic view of the Book Cliffs, deeply eroded shale walls that resemble taupe book spines lined up on a shelf. You may need to repair the spine and actual page bindings in order to install a new cover. Niko laughed at me when I ran my fingers across the book's spines and flipped through the pages in order to breathe in the scent of crisp parchment. There's two stacks: one with bent spines and dull covers, the other with straight spines and shiny perfect covers. The books remained on the shelf, but their spines were broken. It had been several minutes when Lara noticed Sasha's head turned sideways, reading the titles of the books on their spines. It's fantastic news which should put the rest of us who aspire to have our names on book spines to shame… The copyright page of my Random House Collegiate Dictionary, like the book's cover and spine, disappeared years ago. Yet the figurative illusion disappears when one peers under the glass shelves to read the spines of both Chinese and English books; then it is obvious these are not bodies, but books. She'd run her fingers gently over the book spines and read the titles he kept on the shelf above his writing desk. 3Zoology Botany Any hard, pointed defensive projection or structure, such as a prickle of a hedgehog, a spike-like projection on a sea urchin, a sharp ray in a fish's fin, or a spike on the stem of a plant. 〔动，植〕棘，刺（如刺猬和海胆的刺）；鱼鳍的刺；植物上的刺 Example sentencesExamples The dorsal and pectoral fins have hard spines whereas the other rays are soft like the anal and caudal fins. The fins have strong leading rays, which form a row of sharp spines along the dorsal fin. Moreover, the auxiliary spines project from the ventral spines at approximately the same angle. Bream have a needle sharp set of spines running through the dorsal fin similar to bass. The sheath of thin bony plates extends beyond the head to form spines dorsally and ventrally. Synonyms needle, quill, bristle, barb, spike, prickle thorn technical spicule, spicula, spiculum, spinule 4A linear pay scale operated by some large organizations that allows flexibility for local and specific conditions. 直线型薪酬级别制（大型机构实行的一种薪酬级别制，薪酬因地区及具体情况的不同而有所变化） Example sentencesExamples This introduced a new harmonised pay spine, allowing the lowest paid staff to climb the salary scale quicker. Lecturers had already staged four one-day strikes in protest at the job losses and management's refusal to implement a national harmonised pay spine to make the pay system fairer. They say academic staff will get at least 6.5% by August 2004, with a further 1.2% on average where universities and colleges can introduce the new pay spine by that date. There were two parts to the deal - a 3 percent pay increase and a second tranche that would introduce a new pay spine to allow many staff to get to a higher pay level more quickly. The new salary introduces two forms of performance related pay: the revamped merit award scheme and the basic pay spine. 5Geology A tall mass of viscous lava extruded from a volcano. 〔地质〕火山栓，熔岩塔 the Mt Pelee spine was exceptional only for its extreme height—over 300 metres Example sentencesExamples East of Eagle Harbor, Brockway Mountain Drive climbs the Keweenaw's volcanic spine. It's an area of tundra and lakes with the volcanic spine of the Alaskan peninsula visible in the distance. From north and south, swamps or dense jungle rose toward a volcanic spine that was thought for decades to be too wild to support human life. Derivatives spined adjective in combination broken-spined paperbacks 书脊残破的平装本书。 Example sentencesExamples The wasp then digs a burrow nearby using her strongly spined forelegs alternately. Nothing worth jumping for joy in the first three, but there in Philosophy were a couple of grey spined illegibly titled books. This is classic Chinese gardening at its finest with dragon spined walls, glazed porcelain tiles and an abundance of well-pruned plants and peaceful ponds. These small fish are deep bodied with a long spined dorsal fin. Leaves are quite different from H. foetidus, having three large, spined leaflets. Origin Late Middle English: shortening of Old French espine, or from Latin spina 'thorn, prickle, backbone'. Spine is from Latin spina ‘thorn, prickle, backbone’. The word has been used to denote the back of a book from the 1920s. Spinney (late 16th century) is a shortening of Old French espinei, from an alteration of Latin spinetum ‘thicket’, from spina. Rhymes align, assign, benign, brine, chine, cline, combine, condign, confine, consign, dine, divine, dyne, enshrine, entwine, fine, frontline, hardline, interline, intertwine, kine, Klein, line, Main, malign, mine, moline, nine, on-line, opine, outshine, pine, Rhein, Rhine, shine, shrine, sign, sine, spline, stein, Strine, swine, syne, thine, tine, trine, twine, Tyne, underline, undermine, vine, whine, wine Definition of spine in US English: spine nounspīnspaɪn 1A series of vertebrae extending from the skull to the small of the back, enclosing the spinal cord and providing support for the thorax and abdomen; the backbone. 脊柱 Example sentencesExamples The bones most likely to break as a result of osteoporosis are the hip, wrist and the vertebrae of the spine. By doing this, there is generally a lift of the rib cage and a straightening of the upper spine or cervical vertebra. I tore my dura, which is the wrap around my spine which holds in spinal fluid. The coccygeus is a small muscle of the pelvic diaphragm, which connects the ischial spine to the sacrum and the coccyx. From the skull extends the spine of the whale, and the hump of the whale rises above the larger vertebrae. Occasionally some fibers arising from the scapular spine extend superficially over the surface of the muscle and end in the skin of the arm. For example, when a bony joint in the spine, called a vertebra, is out of place, it is called a vertebral subluxation. It can result in spina bifida, where the bones of the spine do not completely enclose the spinal cord. I had fractured two vertebrae in my upper spine between my shoulder blades. In addition to testing spinal motion in flexion, the standing child should be asked to extend the spine by bending backward. A leg press machine is ideal, if available, as the spine is supported and the exercise simulates functional activities. Cervical nerve roots exit the cervical spine through the intervertebral foramina between the vertebrae. Direct injury to the spine may cause a bone fracture anywhere along your vertebral column. It works the muscles of your lower and middle back, which support and extend your spine. A few other causes of low back pain are arthritis in the bones of your spine and narrowing of your spinal canal. Paget's disease most commonly affects your skull, spine and the bones in your arms, legs and pelvis. One is a broken awl, probably made from the neural spine of a bison vertebra. The skull, spine and spinal movement, the pelvis, upper and lower legs and foot movements are examined. Below the lumbar spine is the sacrum, which is actually five vertebrae fused into one bone. This applies to an abnormality of an intervertebral disc in the spine. Synonyms backbone, spinal column, vertebral column, vertebrae 1.1 A thing's central feature or main source of strength. 〈喻〉中心力量；中流砥柱 players who will form the spine of our team 将成为我们队主力的运动员。 Example sentencesExamples With Thierry Henry, a healthy Sol and a Viera who doesn't have to carry the midfield by himself, the spine of the team is still marvellously strong, it just needs adding to. No Turley, Duffy, Martyn or Knott - four major players missing from the spine of the team. The main spine would run between the existing and heavily-used west coast and east coast lines, with spurs to Birmingham, Leeds and Manchester. The spine incorporates Main and Fox streets, where pedestrians treading on the colourful paved streets have right of way. That team has solid foundations, because the spine of the side is very strong. All but full forward Noel Costelloe in the central spine of the team were switched from their starting positions. They had a solid spine in central defenders David Gorry and Stuart Gleeson and midfielders Conlon and the youthful Declan Gormley. Pocklington's Mal Harrison provided the spine to his team's 154-7 with a steady 57. He may have been missing the spine of his team, but there was no lack of backbone in his team's performance. In accommodating the redoubtable spine of the side Strachan inherited, only Aliadiere of the summer striking signings was deployed from the start. Olivier Tebily and Stephane Mahe have hardly played since then and with Chris Sutton already on board, the spine of the team was taking shape. He chose to leave wingers Derek Townsley and Kevin Twaddle on the bench in an attempt to strengthen the spine of the side, and it proved a fine piece of judgment. Sited at the northern end of the campus, the building wraps around a shared plaza that is bisected by one of the university's main pedestrian spines. Strange can paper over these cracks, but much more alarming for him are the below par performances of two players he was entitled to regard as helping to shape the spine of his side. Farina has positioned them down the spine of the team; Moore at centre back, Cahill in the midfield and Aloisi up front. Key players down the spine of the team - notably Hyppia, Henchoz and Hamann - are starting to betray their age. The bearded coach is looking to the spine of the team to supply the base for victory. Despite the kitty being slightly emptier than last season, Patterson has managed to retain the spine of his side and even to build upon it. No Alan Cummins, no Alan Browne, no Noel Keane, the spine of the team. He has featured in the spine of any Aberdeen sides reaching out towards respectability in the past seven years. Synonyms mainstay, backbone, cornerstone, foundation, basis 1.2 Resolution or strength of character. 〈喻〉骨气；坚定；勇气 Example sentencesExamples But even his critics, like me, have to point out that he gave us some spine, he gave us some soul. McCormack is breaking with his pattern of cowardice and exhibiting some spine for a change. And there are men and women of spine in the private media in Zimbabwe who are determined to continue doing their job despite all the risks. He is one of the few men who had enough spine to stand up to Mrs Thatcher and thus found himself out of a job for fifteen years. Still, it's nice to see the Beltway Dems showing some spine on this one. It seems more plausible that this was not an attempt to put spine in the United Nations and NATO, but to discredit them. The actors need a lot more work with their props and seeing as we're supposed to be watching savage highland warriors, the men need to grow a bit of spine. Sabu's youthful charm and popularity encouraged Alex to build his future Empire films with a more careful regard for character and a stronger dramatic spine. Crikey can bring you a sneak preview from what is a wonderful piece that Herald editors will hopefully develop some spine over and run in tomorrow's paper. But wait, surely our PM might step in around election time and show some spine. In another case, also featuring a desperate mother and a child who'd gone bad, Judge Hatchett lectured the mother to get some spine. They're also complete cowards lacking any kind of spine. First, a little sweetener never goes amiss to put some spine into your bought-and-paid-for pol. Walls are for cowards - those of massive ego but flimsy spine. Australia desperately needs a statesman/woman to get through the very difficult times ahead, someone with integrity and spine. I'm not a big fan of Frist to begin with, but I think Allen has more spine. And if that fails and you show some spine, then they simply lie about you. Synonyms strength of character, strength of will, firmness of purpose, firmness, resolution, resolve, determination, fortitude, mettle, moral fibre, backbone, steel, nerve, spirit, pluck, pluckiness, courage, courageousness, bravery, braveness, valour, manliness 2The part of a book's jacket or cover that encloses the inner edges of the pages, facing outward when the book is on a shelf and typically bearing the title and the author's name. 书脊 Example sentencesExamples Yet the figurative illusion disappears when one peers under the glass shelves to read the spines of both Chinese and English books; then it is obvious these are not bodies, but books. She'd run her fingers gently over the book spines and read the titles he kept on the shelf above his writing desk. It had been several minutes when Lara noticed Sasha's head turned sideways, reading the titles of the books on their spines. She brought her piano from home and put it against one wall, right next to a bookshelf containing some board games, not far from shelves lined with books, their spines worn and inviting. It's fantastic news which should put the rest of us who aspire to have our names on book spines to shame… You may need to repair the spine and actual page bindings in order to install a new cover. Their copies gleam shiny black and perfect, with uncracked spines, uncreased pages, and a redesigned cover. Fitzsimmons moved his light around and saw that the blood was splattered over one of the shelves and ran in rivulets down spines of the books. Another strange detail in the image is revealed through a close examination of the book spines on a shelf in the room, among which a single title is reversed. It is beautifully bound in half-leather, with richly gold-tooled spine and sumptuous marbled end-papers. The TV cabinet was a curbside find that Nan disguised with old book covers and spines to make it look like a bookcase. Niko laughed at me when I ran my fingers across the book's spines and flipped through the pages in order to breathe in the scent of crisp parchment. Most packages contain two tapes within a box about the size of a book, arranged on bookstore shelves with the spine displaying the author and title. On the very first visit as I browsed the shelves, the name Miklos Szentkuthy on the spine of a book caught my eye and brought a flood of memories. The copyright page of my Random House Collegiate Dictionary, like the book's cover and spine, disappeared years ago. The books remained on the shelf, but their spines were broken. Skyway's trails are easy, and its northeastern section provides a dramatic view of the Book Cliffs, deeply eroded shale walls that resemble taupe book spines lined up on a shelf. As she entered the waiting room, she noticed Adam standing by the bookcase, looking at the titles printed on the spines of the books. Yet its opulent, mouldering furnishings appear intact, its books look down from the shelves, their spines unspoiled but their pages crumbled by termites. There's two stacks: one with bent spines and dull covers, the other with straight spines and shiny perfect covers. 3Botany Zoology Any hard, pointed defensive projection or structure, such as a prickle of a hedgehog, a spike-like projection on a sea urchin, a sharp ray in a fish's fin, or a spike on the stem of a plant. 〔动，植〕棘，刺（如刺猬和海胆的刺）；鱼鳍的刺；植物上的刺 Example sentencesExamples The fins have strong leading rays, which form a row of sharp spines along the dorsal fin. The dorsal and pectoral fins have hard spines whereas the other rays are soft like the anal and caudal fins. The sheath of thin bony plates extends beyond the head to form spines dorsally and ventrally. Moreover, the auxiliary spines project from the ventral spines at approximately the same angle. Bream have a needle sharp set of spines running through the dorsal fin similar to bass. Synonyms needle, quill, bristle, barb, spike, prickle 4Geology A tall mass of viscous lava extruded from a volcano. 〔地质〕火山栓，熔岩塔 Example sentencesExamples It's an area of tundra and lakes with the volcanic spine of the Alaskan peninsula visible in the distance. From north and south, swamps or dense jungle rose toward a volcanic spine that was thought for decades to be too wild to support human life. East of Eagle Harbor, Brockway Mountain Drive climbs the Keweenaw's volcanic spine. Origin Late Middle English: shortening of Old French espine, or from Latin spina ‘thorn, prickle, backbone’.
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