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词汇 calque
释义

Definition of calque in English:

calque

noun kalkkælk
Linguistics
  • another term for loan translation
    Example sentencesExamples
    • In either case, English-speakers may have adopted the phrase via a direct, word-for-word translation of the German idiom; linguists call this a calque.
    • Yesterday, Geraint Jennings pointed out that the ‘flights’ of drinks offered on upscale restaurant menus are a calque of French ‘volée ’, which has been borrowed directly as volley.
    • So ‘butt naked’ would be a straightforward calque of a common expression whose word for ‘butt’ had dropped out of the language.
    • A calque or loan-translation is a borrowing of a compound word from another language where each component is translated into native words and then joined together.
    • Anyway, Joe has been doing French calques for sixteen years.
verbkalkkælk
be calqued onLinguistics
  • Originate or function as a loan translation of.

    由仿造词而来;起仿造词作用

    ‘it goes without saying’ is calqued on French ‘cela va sans dire’
    Example sentencesExamples
    • In addition, 103 main entries are borrowed from personal or place names, and 70 further entries are calqued on models in foreign languages.
    • Besides, even when the new meanings of existing words were calqued on cognate words in other languages.
    • He is aware that the French in the above poem is purposefully calqued on English, rather than based on standard French.
    • The most plausible explanation of its origin seems to be that it came in via American English, calqued on German ‘hoffentlich’.
    • The Kriyol system has changed from a system calqued on Mandika to a system closer to Portuguese.

Origin

1930s: from French, literally 'copy, tracing', from calquer 'to trace', via Italian from Latin calcare 'to tread'.

Rhymes

talc

Definition of calque in US English:

calque

nounkælkkalk
Linguistics
  • another term for loan translation
    Example sentencesExamples
    • So ‘butt naked’ would be a straightforward calque of a common expression whose word for ‘butt’ had dropped out of the language.
    • In either case, English-speakers may have adopted the phrase via a direct, word-for-word translation of the German idiom; linguists call this a calque.
    • Anyway, Joe has been doing French calques for sixteen years.
    • A calque or loan-translation is a borrowing of a compound word from another language where each component is translated into native words and then joined together.
    • Yesterday, Geraint Jennings pointed out that the ‘flights’ of drinks offered on upscale restaurant menus are a calque of French ‘volée ’, which has been borrowed directly as volley.
verbkælkkalk
be calqued onLinguistics
  • Originate or function as a loan translation of.

    由仿造词而来;起仿造词作用

    “it goes without saying” is calqued on French “cela va sans dire”
    Example sentencesExamples
    • The Kriyol system has changed from a system calqued on Mandika to a system closer to Portuguese.
    • In addition, 103 main entries are borrowed from personal or place names, and 70 further entries are calqued on models in foreign languages.
    • He is aware that the French in the above poem is purposefully calqued on English, rather than based on standard French.
    • The most plausible explanation of its origin seems to be that it came in via American English, calqued on German ‘hoffentlich’.
    • Besides, even when the new meanings of existing words were calqued on cognate words in other languages.

Origin

1930s: from French, literally ‘copy, tracing’, from calquer ‘to trace’, via Italian from Latin calcare ‘to tread’.

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