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词汇 adrenal
释义

Definition of adrenal in English:

adrenal

adjective əˈdriːn(ə)ləˈdrinl
  • Relating to or denoting a pair of ductless glands situated above the kidneys. Each consists of a core region (adrenal medulla) secreting adrenaline and noradrenaline, and an outer region (adrenal cortex) secreting corticosteroids.

    肾上腺的

    adrenal function was normal in this group of patients
    Example sentencesExamples
    • Computed tomography of her abdomen showed normal adrenal glands.
    • In nonpregnant women, the main sites of progesterone biosynthesis are the ovaries and the adrenal cortices.
    • Prolonged adrenal suppression results in atrophy of the adrenal cortex.
    • One, a 20 year old female, had deposits in the brain, liver, lung, bone marrow, adrenal glands, and ovaries.
    • Other reported sites, in order of prevalence, include the bones, brain, kidneys, and adrenal glands.
    • Certain problems with your kidneys, adrenal glands or even a complicated pregnancy can cause high blood pressure.
    • Cortisone is one of several steroid hormones secreted by the cortex (outer covering) of the adrenal gland.
    • There remains only a limited source of female sex hormones after the menopause, by conversion of androgens secreted by the adrenal cortex.
    • A hormone secreted by the adrenal gland that raises blood pressure by constricting arteries and increasing heart rate.
    • The activity level of the major organs increases, and hormones are secreted through the adrenal gland and nervous system.
    • Aldosterone, a steroid hormone produced in the outer layer of the adrenal cortex, promotes renal sodium retention and potassium loss.
    • Epinephrine is produced and released from the adrenal medulla in the kidney (ie, endogenous).
    • The adrenal glands are situated on the superior portion of each kidney.
    • Due to the proximity of and propensity for renal cell carcinoma to spread to the adrenal cortex, this possibility should be excluded.
    • Incidental renal or adrenal masses are sometimes found during imaging for problems unrelated to the kidneys and adrenal glands.
    • The nodules did not invade the adrenal capsule or adrenal medulla.
    • The ultrasound was normal, but an undifferentiated mass in the region of the right adrenal gland was detected.
    • The kidney and adrenal gland were grossly unremarkable.
    • The pituitary, in turn, tells the fetal adrenal gland to secrete more cortisol.
    • The pituitary gland is the ‘master’ gland, controlling the adrenal cortex and the thyroid.
noun əˈdriːn(ə)ləˈdrinl
usually adrenals
  • An adrenal gland.

    肾上腺

    Example sentencesExamples
    • Nongonadal organs, such as the adrenals and brain, may produce sex steroids.
    • The liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys, thymus, adrenals, and stomach were examined histopathologically and were all found to be normal.
    • Cadmium also accumulates in the bone, pancreas, adrenals, and placenta.
    • Reflexologists say these areas are connected to the adrenals, pituitary glands and uterus, respectively.
    • Lung cancers often metastasize to the brain, liver, adrenals, bone, and kidneys but evaluation of these organs is usually directed by symptoms and clinical suspicion rather than by routine scanning.
    • The finding may also mean that, in severe cases, it may be more appropriate to remove the defective adrenals and administer cortisol and other adrenal hormones artificially.
    • Under prolonged stress in the modern world the adrenals and the entire endocrine system are overworked and the adrenals may eventually ‘burnout’.
    • The lungs, bones, liver, and adrenals are the most common of metastasis.
    • Four patients responded despite extensive metastases to liver, brain, skin, and adrenals, with survival of 4 to 6 months.
    • The adrenals are triangular glands that sit atop each kidney.
    • When it circulates, it affects the thyroid, adrenals, and gonads.
    • Because these lesions are clinically silent, chest CT scans to evaluate for lung cancer should include cuts through the adrenals.
    • The diagnosis was revised to carcinoma of the lung with metastases to the adrenals.
    • The adrenals, located atop the kidneys, secrete cortisol, a hormone that protects the body in stressful situations.
    • The visible portions of the liver and adrenals were negative for metastases.
    • To give your adrenals time to recover this function, your doctor may advise you to reduce your dosage gradually over a period of weeks or even months.
    • The good news was that I could allow my adrenals to replenish themselves by incorporating some quieting activities into my hectic lifestyle, such as adding yoga and gentle bicycling to my five-day exercise regimen, Steelsmith said.
    • The adrenals are intimately involved in the stress response.
    • The adrenals are the fourth most common location for metastatic disease.
    • The hormone from the pituitary gland that prompts the adrenals to produce steroids is called adrenocorticotropic hormone.

Origin

Late 19th century: from ad- + renal.

Rhymes

officinal, penal, renal, venal

Definition of adrenal in US English:

adrenal

adjectiveəˈdrēnləˈdrinl
  • Relating to or denoting a pair of ductless glands situated above the kidneys. Each consists of a core region (adrenal medulla) secreting epinephrine and norepinephrine, and an outer region (adrenal cortex) secreting corticosteroids.

    肾上腺的

    adrenal function was normal in this group of patients
    Example sentencesExamples
    • The pituitary gland is the ‘master’ gland, controlling the adrenal cortex and the thyroid.
    • Incidental renal or adrenal masses are sometimes found during imaging for problems unrelated to the kidneys and adrenal glands.
    • The activity level of the major organs increases, and hormones are secreted through the adrenal gland and nervous system.
    • One, a 20 year old female, had deposits in the brain, liver, lung, bone marrow, adrenal glands, and ovaries.
    • There remains only a limited source of female sex hormones after the menopause, by conversion of androgens secreted by the adrenal cortex.
    • Other reported sites, in order of prevalence, include the bones, brain, kidneys, and adrenal glands.
    • Computed tomography of her abdomen showed normal adrenal glands.
    • The nodules did not invade the adrenal capsule or adrenal medulla.
    • Certain problems with your kidneys, adrenal glands or even a complicated pregnancy can cause high blood pressure.
    • In nonpregnant women, the main sites of progesterone biosynthesis are the ovaries and the adrenal cortices.
    • The pituitary, in turn, tells the fetal adrenal gland to secrete more cortisol.
    • Cortisone is one of several steroid hormones secreted by the cortex (outer covering) of the adrenal gland.
    • A hormone secreted by the adrenal gland that raises blood pressure by constricting arteries and increasing heart rate.
    • The ultrasound was normal, but an undifferentiated mass in the region of the right adrenal gland was detected.
    • Due to the proximity of and propensity for renal cell carcinoma to spread to the adrenal cortex, this possibility should be excluded.
    • Prolonged adrenal suppression results in atrophy of the adrenal cortex.
    • Aldosterone, a steroid hormone produced in the outer layer of the adrenal cortex, promotes renal sodium retention and potassium loss.
    • The adrenal glands are situated on the superior portion of each kidney.
    • Epinephrine is produced and released from the adrenal medulla in the kidney (ie, endogenous).
    • The kidney and adrenal gland were grossly unremarkable.
nounəˈdrēnləˈdrinl
usually adrenals
  • An adrenal gland.

    肾上腺

    Example sentencesExamples
    • The diagnosis was revised to carcinoma of the lung with metastases to the adrenals.
    • Reflexologists say these areas are connected to the adrenals, pituitary glands and uterus, respectively.
    • The hormone from the pituitary gland that prompts the adrenals to produce steroids is called adrenocorticotropic hormone.
    • The visible portions of the liver and adrenals were negative for metastases.
    • The lungs, bones, liver, and adrenals are the most common of metastasis.
    • The adrenals, located atop the kidneys, secrete cortisol, a hormone that protects the body in stressful situations.
    • Cadmium also accumulates in the bone, pancreas, adrenals, and placenta.
    • Four patients responded despite extensive metastases to liver, brain, skin, and adrenals, with survival of 4 to 6 months.
    • The good news was that I could allow my adrenals to replenish themselves by incorporating some quieting activities into my hectic lifestyle, such as adding yoga and gentle bicycling to my five-day exercise regimen, Steelsmith said.
    • The adrenals are intimately involved in the stress response.
    • The finding may also mean that, in severe cases, it may be more appropriate to remove the defective adrenals and administer cortisol and other adrenal hormones artificially.
    • The liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys, thymus, adrenals, and stomach were examined histopathologically and were all found to be normal.
    • Nongonadal organs, such as the adrenals and brain, may produce sex steroids.
    • When it circulates, it affects the thyroid, adrenals, and gonads.
    • The adrenals are the fourth most common location for metastatic disease.
    • Under prolonged stress in the modern world the adrenals and the entire endocrine system are overworked and the adrenals may eventually ‘burnout’.
    • Lung cancers often metastasize to the brain, liver, adrenals, bone, and kidneys but evaluation of these organs is usually directed by symptoms and clinical suspicion rather than by routine scanning.
    • The adrenals are triangular glands that sit atop each kidney.
    • To give your adrenals time to recover this function, your doctor may advise you to reduce your dosage gradually over a period of weeks or even months.
    • Because these lesions are clinically silent, chest CT scans to evaluate for lung cancer should include cuts through the adrenals.

Origin

Late 19th century: from ad- + renal.

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