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词汇 morphology
释义

Definition of morphology in English:

morphology

nounPlural morphologies mɔːˈfɒlədʒimɔrˈfɑlədʒi
  • 1mass noun The study of the forms of things.

    形态学,尤指

    1. 1.1 The branch of biology that deals with the form of living organisms, and with relationships between their structures.
      〔生〕形态学
      Example sentencesExamples
      • Given the relationship with male morphology, another question arising from these studies is what determines wasp body size.
      • Analysis of covariance revealed some relationships between subspecies morphology / growth habit and local environmental conditions.
      • Organisms were identified by morphology and biochemical reactions.
      • Indeed, far more studies have examined the relationship between morphology and performance than between performance and fitness.
      • Gross changes in chromosome morphology occur at each mitosis.
    2. 1.2Linguistics The study of the forms of words, in particular inflected forms.
      形态学,尤指
      grammar is organized along two main dimensions: morphology and syntax
      a generative approach to Italian morphology
      Example sentencesExamples
      • Of central concern is the relationship between morphology and phonology.
      • The general implication is that the ambiguities that exist in the relationships between orthography, phonology, and morphology underlie spelling knowledge.
      • French has inflectional morphology to indicate plurality, person, number, and tense, so inflection is not a foreign concept.
      • In some circumstances, languages borrow morphology as well as vocabulary.
      • Dialect encompasses various aspects of the language - syntax, morphology, lexicon, phonology.
      Synonyms
      inflection, form, ending
  • 2A particular form, shape, or structure.

    Example sentencesExamples
    • Orchids display a vast array of floral morphologies and pollination mechanisms.
    • In addition, the species differ in wing morphologies.
    • So we can make a more general study of the functional morphology, the behaviour and the general anatomy of the animal.
    • It might be worth stating how problematic it can be to study morphology through time in a geographically restricted subset of a species.
    • Further, individual follicles produce feathers of different morphologies over the course of their life.
    • Leaf anatomy and morphology were studied in 11 tree species growing in an undisturbed forest for over 50 years.
    • Such flat morphologies are common in the Central Andes.
    • Ferns represent the majority of independent evolutions of leaf morphologies that suggest departures from strictly marginal growth.
    • The general geometric morphologies of elements from the two populations are also very similar.
    • Species were chosen to comprise a range of morphologies within the green stem habit, with large differences in the ratio of leaf to total photosynthetic area.
    • The largest and finest crystals - many having very complex morphologies - crystallize in the pillow pockets.
    • The morphologies of these previously distinct element types probably begin to merge, but they still represent two separate element pairs.
    • It will be important to directly quantify the flight costs of different tail morphologies in these and closely related species.
    • A single follicle will produce different morphologies on the same bird in the same spot depending on which generation the feather is.
    • Second, most morphologies related to strictly marginal growth are now associated only with ferns.
    • Many Paleozoic forms, now extinct, had very unusual morphologies.
    • The experiment was repeated for species of contrasting shoot and root morphologies: carrot, cabbage and onion, in separate years.
    • Students discovered unusual morphologies, and they learned of the often extreme physical and chemical attributes of urban soils.

Derivatives

  • morphologist

  • noun mɔːˈfɒlədʒɪstmɔrˈfɑlədʒəst
    • Early morphologists, such as Cuvier, felt that function was predictable from organismal form, to the extent that animals and plants represented perfect adaptations to their habits.
      Example sentencesExamples
      • For a plant morphologist, a quick look at the level of pollen production and the shape and distribution of the flowers and floral parts is usually enough to tell whether a plant is pollinated by wind or by animals.
      • As a highly skilled morphologist, he was in a position to assess the evidence.
      • Functional morphologists are not only interested in the way that morphological complexes function, they are deeply concerned with how such anatomical features have evolved over time.
      • Functional morphologists often investigate the functional consequences of key evolutionary adaptations, while developmental biologists investigate the mechanisms generating morphological features.

Origin

Mid 19th century: from Greek morphē 'form' + -logy.

Definition of morphology in US English:

morphology

nounmôrˈfäləjēmɔrˈfɑlədʒi
  • 1The study of the forms of things.

    形态学,尤指

    1. 1.1Biology The branch of biology that deals with the form of living organisms, and with relationships between their structures.
      〔生〕形态学
      Example sentencesExamples
      • Indeed, far more studies have examined the relationship between morphology and performance than between performance and fitness.
      • Analysis of covariance revealed some relationships between subspecies morphology / growth habit and local environmental conditions.
      • Given the relationship with male morphology, another question arising from these studies is what determines wasp body size.
      • Organisms were identified by morphology and biochemical reactions.
      • Gross changes in chromosome morphology occur at each mitosis.
    2. 1.2Linguistics The study of the forms of words.
      形态学,尤指
      Example sentencesExamples
      • French has inflectional morphology to indicate plurality, person, number, and tense, so inflection is not a foreign concept.
      • The general implication is that the ambiguities that exist in the relationships between orthography, phonology, and morphology underlie spelling knowledge.
      • In some circumstances, languages borrow morphology as well as vocabulary.
      • Dialect encompasses various aspects of the language - syntax, morphology, lexicon, phonology.
      • Of central concern is the relationship between morphology and phonology.
      Synonyms
      inflection, form, ending

Origin

Mid 19th century: from Greek morphē ‘form’ + -logy.

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