Definition of ergative in English:

ergative

adjective ˈəːɡətɪvˈərɡədɪv

Grammar

1Relating to or denoting a case of nouns (in some languages, e.g. Basque and Inuktitut) that identifies the doer of an action as the object rather than the subject of a verb.
（巴斯克语、爱斯基摩语等语言中的名词）动者格的，主动格的，唯被动格的
Example sentencesExamples
- But the ergative subject is the subject and comes first.
- In Kalaallisut (Greenlandic) for example the ergative case is used to mark subjects of transitive verbs and possessors of nouns.
- In the past tense configuration, however, the Pashto agreement system is ergative: the Agreement is verb - subject agreement with intransitives, but verb - object agreement with transitives.
1. 1.1 (in English) denoting verbs which can be used both transitively and intransitively to describe the same action, with the object in the former case being the subject in the latter, as in I boiled the kettle and the kettle boiled.
  （英语中的动词）通格的（指描写同一动作的既可用作及物动词又可用作不及物动词的动词，也即：用作及物动词时的宾语与用作不及物动词时的主语相同。如I boiled the kettle与the kettle boiled）比较INCHOATIVE
  Compare with inchoative
  Example sentencesExamples
  Given the same function condition, stated above, the non-pivot ergative noun phrase of the second clause cannot be omitted under coreference with the pivot noun phrase of the first clause, hence its ungrammaticality.
  An ergative system is one in which the subject of an intransitive verb is treated grammatically like the direct object of a transitive verb, while the subject of a transitive verb is treated differently.
  Two main linguistic features are analysed: the expression of causativity in ergative constructions and the expression of modality in’ projecting’ that clauses.

nounˈəːɡətɪvˈərɡədɪv

Grammar

1An ergative word.
主动格名词；通格动词
Example sentencesExamples
- Based on the traditional assumption that the ergative construction is the underlying construction and the ergative is the subject, the passive can be described as follows.
- In this language, the ergative is simply the oblique stem of the noun.
1. 1.1the ergative The ergative case.
  动者格，主动格，唯被动格；通格
  Example sentencesExamples
  Like the other case-marking postpositions in this language, the ergative is encliticised to the first word of the noun phrase.
  The other case, the ergative, is used for the agent.

Derivatives

ergativity

nounˌəːɡəˈtɪvɪti

Grammar

But what a cool correlation between language and genetics this could be - if the absence of grammatical gender and ergativity in Persian could tip us off to population mixtures that explain features in western Iran.
Example sentencesExamples
- Instead, every ergative language exhibits ergativity in some circumstances but not in others, and the range of observed ergative systems is enormous, though the differences are not arbitrary.
- This is baby-level English-structure stuff - not something like the that-trace effect, or ergativity in verbs, say - and very long-standard terminology.

Origin

1950s: from Greek ergatēs 'worker' (from ergon 'work') + -ive.

Definition of ergative in US English:

ergative

adjectiveˈərɡədivˈərɡədɪv

Grammar

1Relating to or denoting a case of nouns (in some languages, e.g., Basque and Inuktitut) that identifies the subject of a transitive verb and is different from the case that identifies the subject of an intransitive verb.
（巴斯克语、爱斯基摩语等语言中的名词）动者格的，主动格的，唯被动格的
Example sentencesExamples
- In the past tense configuration, however, the Pashto agreement system is ergative: the Agreement is verb - subject agreement with intransitives, but verb - object agreement with transitives.
- In Kalaallisut (Greenlandic) for example the ergative case is used to mark subjects of transitive verbs and possessors of nouns.
- But the ergative subject is the subject and comes first.
1. 1.1 (in English) denoting verbs which can be used both transitively and intransitively to describe the same action, with the object in the former case being the subject in the latter, as in I boiled the kettle and the kettle boiled.
  （英语中的动词）通格的（指描写同一动作的既可用作及物动词又可用作不及物动词的动词，也即：用作及物动词时的宾语与用作不及物动词时的主语相同。如I boiled the kettle与the kettle boiled）比较INCHOATIVE
  Compare with inchoative
  Example sentencesExamples
  An ergative system is one in which the subject of an intransitive verb is treated grammatically like the direct object of a transitive verb, while the subject of a transitive verb is treated differently.
  Given the same function condition, stated above, the non-pivot ergative noun phrase of the second clause cannot be omitted under coreference with the pivot noun phrase of the first clause, hence its ungrammaticality.
  Two main linguistic features are analysed: the expression of causativity in ergative constructions and the expression of modality in’ projecting’ that clauses.

nounˈərɡədivˈərɡədɪv

Grammar

1An ergative word.
主动格名词；通格动词
Example sentencesExamples
- Based on the traditional assumption that the ergative construction is the underlying construction and the ergative is the subject, the passive can be described as follows.
- In this language, the ergative is simply the oblique stem of the noun.
1. 1.1the ergative The ergative case.
  动者格，主动格，唯被动格；通格
  Example sentencesExamples
  The other case, the ergative, is used for the agent.
  Like the other case-marking postpositions in this language, the ergative is encliticised to the first word of the noun phrase.

Origin

1950s: from Greek ergatēs ‘worker’ (from ergon ‘work’) + -ive.

词汇	ergative
释义	Definition of ergative in English: ergative adjective ˈəːɡətɪvˈərɡədɪv Grammar 1Relating to or denoting a case of nouns (in some languages, e.g. Basque and Inuktitut) that identifies the doer of an action as the object rather than the subject of a verb. （巴斯克语、爱斯基摩语等语言中的名词）动者格的，主动格的，唯被动格的 Example sentencesExamples But the ergative subject is the subject and comes first. In Kalaallisut (Greenlandic) for example the ergative case is used to mark subjects of transitive verbs and possessors of nouns. In the past tense configuration, however, the Pashto agreement system is ergative: the Agreement is verb - subject agreement with intransitives, but verb - object agreement with transitives. 1.1 (in English) denoting verbs which can be used both transitively and intransitively to describe the same action, with the object in the former case being the subject in the latter, as in I boiled the kettle and the kettle boiled. （英语中的动词）通格的（指描写同一动作的既可用作及物动词又可用作不及物动词的动词，也即：用作及物动词时的宾语与用作不及物动词时的主语相同。如I boiled the kettle与the kettle boiled）比较INCHOATIVE Compare with inchoative Example sentencesExamples Given the same function condition, stated above, the non-pivot ergative noun phrase of the second clause cannot be omitted under coreference with the pivot noun phrase of the first clause, hence its ungrammaticality. An ergative system is one in which the subject of an intransitive verb is treated grammatically like the direct object of a transitive verb, while the subject of a transitive verb is treated differently. Two main linguistic features are analysed: the expression of causativity in ergative constructions and the expression of modality in’ projecting’ that clauses. nounˈəːɡətɪvˈərɡədɪv Grammar 1An ergative word. 主动格名词；通格动词 Example sentencesExamples Based on the traditional assumption that the ergative construction is the underlying construction and the ergative is the subject, the passive can be described as follows. In this language, the ergative is simply the oblique stem of the noun. 1.1the ergative The ergative case. 动者格，主动格，唯被动格；通格 Example sentencesExamples Like the other case-marking postpositions in this language, the ergative is encliticised to the first word of the noun phrase. The other case, the ergative, is used for the agent. Derivatives ergativity nounˌəːɡəˈtɪvɪti Grammar But what a cool correlation between language and genetics this could be - if the absence of grammatical gender and ergativity in Persian could tip us off to population mixtures that explain features in western Iran. Example sentencesExamples Instead, every ergative language exhibits ergativity in some circumstances but not in others, and the range of observed ergative systems is enormous, though the differences are not arbitrary. This is baby-level English-structure stuff - not something like the that-trace effect, or ergativity in verbs, say - and very long-standard terminology. Origin 1950s: from Greek ergatēs 'worker' (from ergon 'work') + -ive. Definition of ergative in US English: ergative adjectiveˈərɡədivˈərɡədɪv Grammar 1Relating to or denoting a case of nouns (in some languages, e.g., Basque and Inuktitut) that identifies the subject of a transitive verb and is different from the case that identifies the subject of an intransitive verb. （巴斯克语、爱斯基摩语等语言中的名词）动者格的，主动格的，唯被动格的 Example sentencesExamples In the past tense configuration, however, the Pashto agreement system is ergative: the Agreement is verb - subject agreement with intransitives, but verb - object agreement with transitives. In Kalaallisut (Greenlandic) for example the ergative case is used to mark subjects of transitive verbs and possessors of nouns. But the ergative subject is the subject and comes first. 1.1 (in English) denoting verbs which can be used both transitively and intransitively to describe the same action, with the object in the former case being the subject in the latter, as in I boiled the kettle and the kettle boiled. （英语中的动词）通格的（指描写同一动作的既可用作及物动词又可用作不及物动词的动词，也即：用作及物动词时的宾语与用作不及物动词时的主语相同。如I boiled the kettle与the kettle boiled）比较INCHOATIVE Compare with inchoative Example sentencesExamples An ergative system is one in which the subject of an intransitive verb is treated grammatically like the direct object of a transitive verb, while the subject of a transitive verb is treated differently. Given the same function condition, stated above, the non-pivot ergative noun phrase of the second clause cannot be omitted under coreference with the pivot noun phrase of the first clause, hence its ungrammaticality. Two main linguistic features are analysed: the expression of causativity in ergative constructions and the expression of modality in’ projecting’ that clauses. nounˈərɡədivˈərɡədɪv Grammar 1An ergative word. 主动格名词；通格动词 Example sentencesExamples Based on the traditional assumption that the ergative construction is the underlying construction and the ergative is the subject, the passive can be described as follows. In this language, the ergative is simply the oblique stem of the noun. 1.1the ergative The ergative case. 动者格，主动格，唯被动格；通格 Example sentencesExamples The other case, the ergative, is used for the agent. Like the other case-marking postpositions in this language, the ergative is encliticised to the first word of the noun phrase. Origin 1950s: from Greek ergatēs ‘worker’ (from ergon ‘work’) + -ive.
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