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词汇 mufti
释义

mufti1

nounPlural muftis ˈmʌftiˈməfti
  • A Muslim legal expert who is empowered to give rulings on religious matters.

    穆夫提(伊斯兰教教法说明官)

    Example sentencesExamples
    • In the days when this was a hospital, serving mainly Jews and Muslims, Torrance would meet regularly with the chief rabbi and mufti (Muslim religious leader), both of whom held the doctor in great respect.
    • Reportedly around a hundred persons have already been to the US under this scheme for madrasah people, like religious leaders, teachers and muftis.
    • They chopped off the heads of Christian monks and Muslim muftis.
    • The government appoints the mufti who serves as the country's highest Islamic authority.
    • Moreover, a fatwa issued by one or more muftis is considered to be binding on his/her co-religionists and not on others.
    • The Malay muftis aren't alone in arguing against the cultural ramifications of the spread of Mumbai's films.
    • A fatwa is simply a legal opinion in Islam given by a mufti or other religious leader on a specific issue, and this account describes one with which I was involved.
    • Religious opinion on legal matters is given by a mufti or a council of ulemas.
    • The muftis wanted the government to cut airing of Bollywood movies to only once a week, way down from at least a movie a day on at least one of the country's four television channels.
    • The Muslim community is governed by the Supreme Muslim Council under the Chief Mufti (religious judge), with a hierarchy of regional muftis, imams, and religious teachers.
    • Eventually the mufti is satisfied, we are cleared and proceed across the desert to our temporary home.
    • A fatwa is a legal statement in Islam, issued by a mufti or a religious lawyer after reference to precedents to decide on an issue of jurisprudence.
    • Most Sunni Uzbeks are led by a state-appointed mufti.
    • An NGO there called Sisters in Islam urged that ‘the opinions of the state muftis be viewed as advisory and non-binding’.
    • But the latter institution did not specifically play the role of the mufti; rather he was a religio-political advisor to the Sultan.
    • Here the mufti, or jurisconsult, appears to play a role remarkably similar to that of the roman jurist or contemporary European law professor (in providing Gutachten or opinions to courts).
    • Even the mufti of the republic joined the bandwagon, urging worshippers before last Friday's prayer to cast their vote.
    • In the Ottoman Empire the muftis were state officials, and the mufti of Constantinople was the highest of these.
    • Gendjev, who is considered to be the grey cardinal of the Bulgarian Muslim community, was a chief mufti until the 1990s.
    • Historically, fatwas were independent of the judicial system, although some muftis were officially attached to various courts.

Origin

Late 16th century: from Arabic muftī, active participle of 'aftā 'decide a point of law'.

Rhymes

tufty

mufti2

nounPlural muftis ˈmʌftiˈməfti
mass noun
  • Plain clothes worn by a person who wears a uniform for their job, such as a soldier or police officer.

    (执勤时通常穿制服的士兵或警官等穿的)便服

    a High Court judge in mufti

    穿便服的高院法官。

    Example sentencesExamples
    • If he seems a bit stolid throughout, that could be the military man's unease in mufti; it certainly helps make his credulousness credible.
    • Usually he would wear a plain shirt with some jeans on mufti day, but standing in front of my eyes, he was wearing dark coloured jeans with a navy polo shirt.
    • I pretended to be a kid in mufti (or a teacher, or something that wasn't a red thumb standing out) and went to the school's sessions.
    • I raised the issue with Adam, suggesting that mufti sounded far more like a goat-type animal than an excuse to not wear business clothes.
    • His plan, to scoot from the railroad station the two blocks home, change into mufti, and that's the end of it.
    • But I don't think that came into it, because I was sort of in mufti, on holidays and so on.
    • The killers turned out to be policemen in mufti - employees of the West Bengal government!
    • We're permitted to wear mufti on this rare occasion, but the absence of school uniform and the shocking appearance of colour still fails to cheer me up.
    • Such was the conclusion: that Pakistan, and poor, ex-colonial countries in general, were better served by unelected officers in uniform than by elected politicians in mufti.
    • He just floated around headquarters in mufti, spinning his web.
    • In Hué, the ancient capital, five thousand infiltrators shed peasant mufti to reveal North Vietnamese uniforms.
    • Having said that I prefer loose-fitting mufti, it strikes me that every time I act as a minister - performing weddings and baptisms - I do wear a simple stole I got from Almy & Sons religious wear catalog.
    • Another Latino fellow at the bar, evidently a soldier in golf club mufti, responded to the solitude of drinkers around him by making one call after another on his cell phone as he ordered ever-taller glasses of beer.
    • It was the same night, a well-known director-cinematographer said he was roughed up by an allegedly drunken policeman in mufti.
    • Irregular forces that choose to fight in mufti and from ambush will be able to dramatically decrease the range.
    • In 1989, then a municipal reporter, I spent a night bobbing in the wake of the then mayor of Cape Town as he paid a series of visits, in mufti and minus his chain of office, to nightclubs throughout the city.
    • Workers Heights Sunday mixed bowls, which now starts at 1 pm, will relax its dress regulations to allow players to wear mufti if they prefer.
    • I do not have robes and I do not have the wherewithal to obtain them and I seek permission of the Court to appear before you in mufti and civvies.
    • I enjoy this kind of flip remark, but the chilly response indicated that my new friend didn't, and he summoned over the local vicar, dressed in mufti, to deal with me.
    • I can remember when my father was a uniformed policemen, but more typically I recall him in mufti when he'd been promoted to detective. He was detective inspector in the end, but I was long gone by then.

Origin

Early 19th century: perhaps humorously from mufti1.

mufti1

nounˈməftiˈməftē
  • A Muslim legal expert who is empowered to give rulings on religious matters.

    穆夫提(伊斯兰教教法说明官)

    Example sentencesExamples
    • Gendjev, who is considered to be the grey cardinal of the Bulgarian Muslim community, was a chief mufti until the 1990s.
    • Most Sunni Uzbeks are led by a state-appointed mufti.
    • But the latter institution did not specifically play the role of the mufti; rather he was a religio-political advisor to the Sultan.
    • The Muslim community is governed by the Supreme Muslim Council under the Chief Mufti (religious judge), with a hierarchy of regional muftis, imams, and religious teachers.
    • A fatwa is a legal statement in Islam, issued by a mufti or a religious lawyer after reference to precedents to decide on an issue of jurisprudence.
    • In the days when this was a hospital, serving mainly Jews and Muslims, Torrance would meet regularly with the chief rabbi and mufti (Muslim religious leader), both of whom held the doctor in great respect.
    • Reportedly around a hundred persons have already been to the US under this scheme for madrasah people, like religious leaders, teachers and muftis.
    • Here the mufti, or jurisconsult, appears to play a role remarkably similar to that of the roman jurist or contemporary European law professor (in providing Gutachten or opinions to courts).
    • Eventually the mufti is satisfied, we are cleared and proceed across the desert to our temporary home.
    • In the Ottoman Empire the muftis were state officials, and the mufti of Constantinople was the highest of these.
    • A fatwa is simply a legal opinion in Islam given by a mufti or other religious leader on a specific issue, and this account describes one with which I was involved.
    • The Malay muftis aren't alone in arguing against the cultural ramifications of the spread of Mumbai's films.
    • The muftis wanted the government to cut airing of Bollywood movies to only once a week, way down from at least a movie a day on at least one of the country's four television channels.
    • Even the mufti of the republic joined the bandwagon, urging worshippers before last Friday's prayer to cast their vote.
    • The government appoints the mufti who serves as the country's highest Islamic authority.
    • They chopped off the heads of Christian monks and Muslim muftis.
    • Moreover, a fatwa issued by one or more muftis is considered to be binding on his/her co-religionists and not on others.
    • Religious opinion on legal matters is given by a mufti or a council of ulemas.
    • Historically, fatwas were independent of the judicial system, although some muftis were officially attached to various courts.
    • An NGO there called Sisters in Islam urged that ‘the opinions of the state muftis be viewed as advisory and non-binding’.

Origin

Late 16th century: from Arabic muftī, active participle of 'aftā ‘decide a point of law’.

mufti2

nounˈməftiˈməftē
  • Plain clothes worn by a person who wears a uniform for their job, such as a soldier or police officer.

    (执勤时通常穿制服的士兵或警官等穿的)便服

    I was a flying officer in mufti
    Example sentencesExamples
    • But I don't think that came into it, because I was sort of in mufti, on holidays and so on.
    • His plan, to scoot from the railroad station the two blocks home, change into mufti, and that's the end of it.
    • I pretended to be a kid in mufti (or a teacher, or something that wasn't a red thumb standing out) and went to the school's sessions.
    • We're permitted to wear mufti on this rare occasion, but the absence of school uniform and the shocking appearance of colour still fails to cheer me up.
    • I do not have robes and I do not have the wherewithal to obtain them and I seek permission of the Court to appear before you in mufti and civvies.
    • Another Latino fellow at the bar, evidently a soldier in golf club mufti, responded to the solitude of drinkers around him by making one call after another on his cell phone as he ordered ever-taller glasses of beer.
    • Irregular forces that choose to fight in mufti and from ambush will be able to dramatically decrease the range.
    • In 1989, then a municipal reporter, I spent a night bobbing in the wake of the then mayor of Cape Town as he paid a series of visits, in mufti and minus his chain of office, to nightclubs throughout the city.
    • If he seems a bit stolid throughout, that could be the military man's unease in mufti; it certainly helps make his credulousness credible.
    • Such was the conclusion: that Pakistan, and poor, ex-colonial countries in general, were better served by unelected officers in uniform than by elected politicians in mufti.
    • He just floated around headquarters in mufti, spinning his web.
    • Usually he would wear a plain shirt with some jeans on mufti day, but standing in front of my eyes, he was wearing dark coloured jeans with a navy polo shirt.
    • In Hué, the ancient capital, five thousand infiltrators shed peasant mufti to reveal North Vietnamese uniforms.
    • I can remember when my father was a uniformed policemen, but more typically I recall him in mufti when he'd been promoted to detective. He was detective inspector in the end, but I was long gone by then.
    • Workers Heights Sunday mixed bowls, which now starts at 1 pm, will relax its dress regulations to allow players to wear mufti if they prefer.
    • I raised the issue with Adam, suggesting that mufti sounded far more like a goat-type animal than an excuse to not wear business clothes.
    • It was the same night, a well-known director-cinematographer said he was roughed up by an allegedly drunken policeman in mufti.
    • I enjoy this kind of flip remark, but the chilly response indicated that my new friend didn't, and he summoned over the local vicar, dressed in mufti, to deal with me.
    • The killers turned out to be policemen in mufti - employees of the West Bengal government!
    • Having said that I prefer loose-fitting mufti, it strikes me that every time I act as a minister - performing weddings and baptisms - I do wear a simple stole I got from Almy & Sons religious wear catalog.

Origin

Early 19th century: perhaps humorously from mufti.

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