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词汇 existentialism
释义

Definition of existentialism in English:

existentialism

noun ɛɡzɪˈstɛnʃ(ə)lɪz(ə)mˌɛɡzəˈstɛn(t)ʃəˌlɪzəm
mass noun
  • A philosophical theory or approach which emphasizes the existence of the individual person as a free and responsible agent determining their own development through acts of the will.

    存在主义,生存主义

    Example sentencesExamples
    • As much as fascism, Nietzsche foreshadowed modernism, existentialism and postmodernism.
    • As a philosopher she reacted to existentialism and logical positivism with a deep belief that philosophy should be about freedom and morality and love and God.
    • Most of the words spoken seem like an abstract treatise on existentialism and determinism.
    • The philosophy of existentialism affected and changed the attitude of the Western community to suicide greatly.
    • He read deeply on the subject of existentialism, having long conversations with Jean-Paul Sartre.
    • The episode is heavy on action and detective work, light on philosophy and existentialism.
    • The non-Christian version of existentialism is attributable to Martin Heidegger and Jean Paul-Sartre.
    • The argument was directed at the individualist ontology of existentialism in favour of a more communitarian one.
    • The next three chapters examine the religious existentialism of Kierkegaard, Dostoevsky, and Nietzsche.
    • This time they look not to Judeo-Christian lore, but to Nietzsche and existentialism.
    • He published On Humanism, a letter to Beaufret in which he distanced his own philosophy from French existentialism.
    • Marx may be described as a humanist, and in this century humanism has been given expression, in both secular and religious forms, in the philosophy of existentialism.
    • Here, existentialism belied the positivist socio-political attitudes of the official regimes and motivated political opposition.
    • Although he is indeed a co-father of existentialism with Kierkegaard, for some reason he has not generally been acknowledged as such.
    • He is unable to escape, to articulate, or to textualize his experientially learned nascent existentialism.
    • How one might convert the insights of Sartre's existentialism into a guide for action, however, is not at all obvious.
    • I remember back in summer, when I was taking my course in existentialism, we discussed the topic of death.
    • It is full of those little moments of impotency, existentialism and half-baked philosophical epiphanies that happen to us all.
    • On the other hand, Sartre articulates the fundamental statement of existentialism in this way: life precedes what is of the essence.
    • Sartre's existentialism drew its immediate inspiration from the work of the German philosopher, Martin Heidegger.

Origin

Translating Danish existents-forhold 'condition of existence' (frequently used by Kierkegaard), from existential.

Definition of existentialism in US English:

existentialism

nounˌɛɡzəˈstɛn(t)ʃəˌlɪzəmˌeɡzəˈsten(t)SHəˌlizəm
  • A philosophical theory or approach which emphasizes the existence of the individual person as a free and responsible agent determining their own development through acts of the will.

    存在主义,生存主义

    Generally taken to originate with Kierkegaard and Nietzsche, existentialism tends to be atheistic (although there is a strand of Christian existentialism deriving from the work of Kierkegaard), to disparage scientific knowledge, and to deny the existence of objective values, stressing instead the reality and significance of human freedom and experience. The approach was developed chiefly in 20th-century Europe, notably by Martin Heidegger, Jean-Paul Sartre, Albert Camus, and Simone de Beauvoir

    Example sentencesExamples
    • The next three chapters examine the religious existentialism of Kierkegaard, Dostoevsky, and Nietzsche.
    • It is full of those little moments of impotency, existentialism and half-baked philosophical epiphanies that happen to us all.
    • He published On Humanism, a letter to Beaufret in which he distanced his own philosophy from French existentialism.
    • The non-Christian version of existentialism is attributable to Martin Heidegger and Jean Paul-Sartre.
    • The episode is heavy on action and detective work, light on philosophy and existentialism.
    • The philosophy of existentialism affected and changed the attitude of the Western community to suicide greatly.
    • As much as fascism, Nietzsche foreshadowed modernism, existentialism and postmodernism.
    • Most of the words spoken seem like an abstract treatise on existentialism and determinism.
    • As a philosopher she reacted to existentialism and logical positivism with a deep belief that philosophy should be about freedom and morality and love and God.
    • I remember back in summer, when I was taking my course in existentialism, we discussed the topic of death.
    • He read deeply on the subject of existentialism, having long conversations with Jean-Paul Sartre.
    • On the other hand, Sartre articulates the fundamental statement of existentialism in this way: life precedes what is of the essence.
    • Marx may be described as a humanist, and in this century humanism has been given expression, in both secular and religious forms, in the philosophy of existentialism.
    • How one might convert the insights of Sartre's existentialism into a guide for action, however, is not at all obvious.
    • This time they look not to Judeo-Christian lore, but to Nietzsche and existentialism.
    • Sartre's existentialism drew its immediate inspiration from the work of the German philosopher, Martin Heidegger.
    • Although he is indeed a co-father of existentialism with Kierkegaard, for some reason he has not generally been acknowledged as such.
    • Here, existentialism belied the positivist socio-political attitudes of the official regimes and motivated political opposition.
    • He is unable to escape, to articulate, or to textualize his experientially learned nascent existentialism.
    • The argument was directed at the individualist ontology of existentialism in favour of a more communitarian one.

Origin

Translating Danish existents-forhold ‘condition of existence’ (frequently used by Kierkegaard), from existential.

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