Definition of reduction in English:

reduction

noun rɪˈdʌkʃ(ə)nrəˈdəkʃ(ə)n

mass noun

1The action or fact of making something smaller or less in amount, degree, or size.
缩减，降低
talks on arms reduction
削减武器谈判。
count noun there had been a reduction in the number of casualties
伤亡人数已经减少。
Example sentencesExamples
- If there's a sustained period of reduced car crime and a reduction in claims, I think we would expect to see some sort of reduction in your car insurance, or alternatively a slow-down in the rate of increase.
- After reduction, the print should be agitated in rapid fixer for 30 seconds before toning.
- A reduction in salt can help reduce blood pressure.
- A reduction in the city's 50 percent parking tax also could be part of the mix, said Roddey.
- A reduction in expertise will result, but will divert minor problems to a more accessible clinic.
- A reduction in perceived risk or an increase in the expected future cash flow of the corporate sector would cause stock prices to rise.
- A reduction in flights would have had little adverse effect on my progress through the program.
- He went on to express the hope that the removal of the grant would be reflected in a reduction of house prices.
- A reduction in tooth decay would reduce the risks of children dying during dental anaesthetics.
- A reduction in the dividend would save the company £150 million.
- It should not therefore fall within Article 30, even if it did in fact lead to a reduction in imports.
- A reduction in duties and taxes can significantly influence demand in a category that is price-sensitive.
- A reduction in fuel subsidies is planned for October, which will cause fuel prices to increase.
- A reduction in size at that time may have allowed buntings to exploit that new food resource (grass seeds).
- A reduction in competition is not what consumers want.
- A reduction in the intensity of training is recommended during the healing period.
- A reduction in the use of pesticides and a clean-up of waterways are part of the plan.
- A reduction in programming errors and increased reliability are additional benefits reaped by using a common code base.
- A reduction in winds can also limit the availability of nutrients.
- After reduction, the units of silver are referred to as grains.
Synonyms
depletion, cut, cutting, cutback, scaling down, trimming, slimming (down), pruning, axing, chopping, curtailment, limiting
easing, lightening, moderation, dilution, mitigation, commuting, qualification, alleviation, relaxation, abatement
demotion, downgrading, lowering
abasement, humbling, demeaning, belittling, humiliation, bringing low
1. 1.1count noun The amount by which something is made smaller, less, or lower in price.
  （数量的）削减；（价格的）降低
  special reductions on knitwear
  针织品特价。
  Example sentencesExamples
  It says Ford is demanding 30 percent price reductions in light of the impending free trade agreement with China.
  In any industry, oversupply leads to price reductions and pressure on profit margins.
  They demand and get price reductions of three, four or five percent every year on existing products.
  Competition in the mainland's dairy industry, with more than 1,500 players, may also lead to price and margin reductions, it warned.
  We saw price reductions and some service quality improvements in our telecommunications sector and Victoria's electricity supply.
  We can deliver 30 to 40% price reductions each year.
  The idea of getting price reductions for customers by bulk buying was a unique service and about as heavily promoted as any e-commerce service has been to date.
  This year's price reductions have only come about because of meaningful threats from the regulator.
  The proposals call for sugar quota and price reductions of 16% and 33% respectively.
  Because they buy goods directly from producers in huge quantities, they receive price reductions, which they then pass on to customers.
  The spokesman said the signs were very useful in combating excess speed, showing reductions on average of eight or nine miles per hour.
  The Fed's five interest rate reductions this year have lowered the overnight bank lending rate to 4 percent.
  The price reductions benefit colleges, which receive volume discounts from resellers.
  Far from being a humanitarian action, the price reductions represent an attempt to preserve patent rights by diffusing international pressure for generic manufacturing.
  Some of the majors have recently announced price reductions (99 cents a track, $1.49 a track, etc.).
  As we saw in the US earlier in the year, the immediate reaction of share prices to interest rate reductions tends to be positive.
  Britain has seen sustained real price reductions in sourcing energy.
  This oversupply has led to severe competition between the many of the players, which is often manifested as price reductions or discounts in order to clear excess inventory.
  This should come as no surprise, given market concerns over consumer and corporate spending and confidence, price reductions, margin erosion and intense competition.
  Motorists will welcome the continuing reductions in fuel prices, thanks to lower crude costs and the strengthening of the euro against the dollar.
  Synonyms
  lessening, lowering, decrease, diminution, minimizing
  discount, markdown, deduction, (price) cut, pullback, concession, allowance
  informal slash
2. 1.2 The simplification of a subject or problem to a particular form in presentation or analysis.
  归纳，简化
  the reduction of classical genetics to molecular biology
  将古典遗传学归结为分子生物学。
  Example sentencesExamples
  This process of simplification and hybridization involves reduction of linguistic resources and restriction of use to such limited functions as trade.
  Along with its adoption has come a simplification and reduction of the concept into forms that are more readily measured and calculated.
  The reduction of reasoning to mechanical calculation that they identified is no clearer than in the inhuman logic of capitalist exchange.
  I find this reduction of the subject to a victim sad.
3. 1.3Mathematics The process of converting an amount from one denomination to a smaller one, or of bringing down a fraction to its lowest terms.
  〔数〕简化，缩减，约化；归约
  Example sentencesExamples
  In particular Zhang sees the reduction of fractions to a common denominator as hard.
4. 1.4Biology The halving of the number of chromosomes per cell that occurs at one of the two anaphases of meiosis.
  〔生〕染色体减半
  Example sentencesExamples
  The reduction in cell number of the female gametophyte and embryo allows a large number of megasporogenesis events to occur in the ovary.
  As a consequence of such a chromosome reduction, cellular metabolite and energy resources would not be expended to maintain and express the deleted genetic information.
  Double reduction is a phenomenon that two sister chromatids of a chromosome sort into the same gamete.
  Sexual plant reproduction involves a reduction of the somatic chromosome number by meiosis followed by a restoration of the somatic chromosome number by fertilization.
2count noun A thing that is made smaller or less in size or amount.
规模（或数量）被减少之物，尤指
1. 2.1 An arrangement of an orchestral score for piano or for a smaller group of performers.
  简编曲（管弦乐改编的钢琴曲或小乐队演奏曲）
  Example sentencesExamples
  The Apollo piano reduction is by Stravinsky himself, so the notes are sacrosanct, Matjias says.
  Apparently Tilson Thomas and Grierson were the first pianists to record this reduction.
  Ades' work is in 8 movements, and is so complex that it is not possible to do a piano reduction.
  This is not in the piano reduction of the transcription.
  Certain reductions and approximations had to be made, but the notes sound out the essence of the score.
  Nadia evidently asked him to play an organ reduction of it at the service, and appeared to be satisfied with the result.
  Although the composer himself prepared the piano reduction, one misses the vivid panoply of orchestral sonorities in La Valse.
  Philip Walsh conducts Jonathan Dove's ingenious orchestral reduction with flair, even if he can't disguise the occasional un-Puccinian scrawniness of the string sound.
  Kudos must be given to Björling's unsung accompanist, particularly in the piano reductions of the arias.
  The simple idea is that the student scores the piano reduction of, say, a Mozart symphony for the same forces as Mozart uses and then compares his version with Mozart's full score.
  Synonyms
  adaptation, setting, scoring, orchestration, instrumentation, harmonization
2. 2.2 A thick and concentrated liquid or sauce made by boiling.
  浓汤，浓汁
  Example sentencesExamples
  A wonderful sweet sauce, a reduction of olive oil and ketchup, had been dotted in the four cardinal points of the plate.
  For the accompanying sauce he first did a reduction of shallots, white wine, fennel seeds and star aniseed.
  Add the reduction to the sauce and simmer for 10 minutes.
  Chef Mallory Buford displays a sure hand, light on the fat but compensating by ratcheting up the flavor with strong reductions, inventive seasoning, and fresh herbs.
  Remember, most sauces are reductions, therefore the taste will be concentrated.
  The reduction of port jus was a little sweet for my taste, though the mash and carrots were delicious.
  Drizzle saffron sabayon on the plate and spoon clusters of the reserved diced pears and poaching liquid reduction around the sabayon.
  In a medium saucepan, bring the lobster stock reduction to a boil, add the cream, and simmer until reduced by half.
  This was a deep, concentrated sauce, a model reduction of proper fish stock, wine and cream.
  Roast foie gras is served very hot indeed; it was sauced with a reduction of Banyuls.
3. 2.3 A copy of a picture or photograph made on a smaller scale than the original.
  （照片，画）缩小版
  Example sentencesExamples
  Experimentation is necessary to determine the dilution required for a particular reduction.
  The painting itself did not subsequently spawn any of the painted repetitions and reductions that complicate the pedigree of Delaroche's later works.
  Two of the works that they acquired were bought as reductions of the previously mentioned Napoleon at Fontainebleau and Napoleon Crossing the Alps.
3The action of remedying a dislocation or fracture by returning the affected part of the body to its normal position.
脱臼（或断骨）复位
we must see if the fracture requires reduction
Example sentencesExamples
- Radiographs should be taken when the physician is uncertain of dislocation or reduction.
- Fractures that are difficult to reduce or unstable after reduction may require orthopedic or hand referral.
- Failure to reduce the dislocation successfully using these methods necessitates reduction under general anesthesia.
- Occasionally, however, we need to flash sterilize an internal fixation screw set for an emergency open reduction with internal fixation of a fracture.
- Reduction of acute nasal fractures in the primary care setting is confined largely to the closed reduction of mild unilateral fractures.
- Subsequent plain films and computed tomography confirmed satisfactory reduction with no acetabular fracture.
- The following are the requisites for an acceptable reduction of any fracture listed in order of importance.
- Seven years prior to admission, he sustained a traumatic ankle fracture that required surgical reduction.
- Closed fractures of the distal phalanx may require reduction but usually are minimally displaced and stable, and can be splinted.
- The surgeon performs a trial reduction by maneuvering the hip joint through range of motion.
- However, this break would require reduction and casting, and orthopedic referral.
- Most patients with hip fracture require surgical reduction and internal fixation.
- If the dislocation is irreducible or unstable after reduction, referral to an orthopedic or hand subspecialist is advised.
- Muscle spasm sets in shortly after dislocation, making reduction more difficult.
- If adequate sedation and pain relief are not possible, reduction under general anaesthetic may be necessary to minimise the risk of complications for both the patient and the doctor.
4Chemistry
The process or result of reducing or being reduced.
〔化〕还原；被还原
the reaction is limited to reduction to the hydrocarbon
Example sentencesExamples
- Secondary alcohols can be formed by reduction of the ketone by hydrogen gas in the presence of a catalyst.
- The carboxyl group can also be converted into an alcohol by reduction of the carbonyl carbon.
- The chemical reduction of nitrate to nitrite requires metabolic energy.
- Oxidation and reduction are two processes that are quite common in chemical reactions.
- For example reduction of ethanol gives the alkene ethene.
5Phonetics
Substitution of a sound which requires less muscular effort to articulate.
〔语音〕弱化
the process of vowel reduction
元音弱化。
Example sentencesExamples
- Also of interest are the examples in the lyrics of the sort of phonological reduction typical of the rapid speech of native English speakers.
- The process that changed ‘iced cream’ to ‘ice cream’ is called consonant cluster reduction, by the way.

Origin

Late Middle English (denoting the action of bringing back): from Old French, or from Latin reductio(n-), from reducere 'bring back, restore' (see reduce). The sense development was broadly similar to that of reduce; sense 1 dates from the late 17th century.

Rhymes

abduction, conduction, construction, deduction, destruction, eduction, effluxion, induction, instruction, introduction, misconstruction, obstruction, production, ruction, seduction, suction, underproduction

Definition of reduction in US English:

reduction

nounrəˈdəkSH(ə)nrəˈdəkʃ(ə)n

1The action or fact of making a specified thing smaller or less in amount, degree, or size.
缩减，降低
talks on arms reduction
削减武器谈判。
there had been a reduction in the number of casualties
伤亡人数已经减少。
Example sentencesExamples
- A reduction in perceived risk or an increase in the expected future cash flow of the corporate sector would cause stock prices to rise.
- It should not therefore fall within Article 30, even if it did in fact lead to a reduction in imports.
- A reduction in competition is not what consumers want.
- A reduction in salt can help reduce blood pressure.
- He went on to express the hope that the removal of the grant would be reflected in a reduction of house prices.
- A reduction in the intensity of training is recommended during the healing period.
- A reduction in size at that time may have allowed buntings to exploit that new food resource (grass seeds).
- A reduction in tooth decay would reduce the risks of children dying during dental anaesthetics.
- A reduction in the dividend would save the company £150 million.
- A reduction in the use of pesticides and a clean-up of waterways are part of the plan.
- A reduction in the city's 50 percent parking tax also could be part of the mix, said Roddey.
- A reduction in fuel subsidies is planned for October, which will cause fuel prices to increase.
- After reduction, the units of silver are referred to as grains.
- A reduction in duties and taxes can significantly influence demand in a category that is price-sensitive.
- A reduction in winds can also limit the availability of nutrients.
- A reduction in flights would have had little adverse effect on my progress through the program.
- After reduction, the print should be agitated in rapid fixer for 30 seconds before toning.
- A reduction in programming errors and increased reliability are additional benefits reaped by using a common code base.
- If there's a sustained period of reduced car crime and a reduction in claims, I think we would expect to see some sort of reduction in your car insurance, or alternatively a slow-down in the rate of increase.
- A reduction in expertise will result, but will divert minor problems to a more accessible clinic.
Synonyms
depletion, cut, cutting, cutback, scaling down, trimming, slimming, slimming down, pruning, axing, chopping, curtailment, limiting
easing, lightening, moderation, dilution, mitigation, commuting, qualification, alleviation, relaxation, abatement
demotion, downgrading, lowering
1. 1.1 The amount by which something is made smaller, less, or lower in price.
  （数量的）削减；（价格的）降低
  special reductions on knitwear
  针织品特价。
  Example sentencesExamples
  Competition in the mainland's dairy industry, with more than 1,500 players, may also lead to price and margin reductions, it warned.
  It says Ford is demanding 30 percent price reductions in light of the impending free trade agreement with China.
  We saw price reductions and some service quality improvements in our telecommunications sector and Victoria's electricity supply.
  In any industry, oversupply leads to price reductions and pressure on profit margins.
  The Fed's five interest rate reductions this year have lowered the overnight bank lending rate to 4 percent.
  Far from being a humanitarian action, the price reductions represent an attempt to preserve patent rights by diffusing international pressure for generic manufacturing.
  The spokesman said the signs were very useful in combating excess speed, showing reductions on average of eight or nine miles per hour.
  Britain has seen sustained real price reductions in sourcing energy.
  This oversupply has led to severe competition between the many of the players, which is often manifested as price reductions or discounts in order to clear excess inventory.
  This year's price reductions have only come about because of meaningful threats from the regulator.
  The proposals call for sugar quota and price reductions of 16% and 33% respectively.
  Because they buy goods directly from producers in huge quantities, they receive price reductions, which they then pass on to customers.
  As we saw in the US earlier in the year, the immediate reaction of share prices to interest rate reductions tends to be positive.
  Motorists will welcome the continuing reductions in fuel prices, thanks to lower crude costs and the strengthening of the euro against the dollar.
  They demand and get price reductions of three, four or five percent every year on existing products.
  The idea of getting price reductions for customers by bulk buying was a unique service and about as heavily promoted as any e-commerce service has been to date.
  This should come as no surprise, given market concerns over consumer and corporate spending and confidence, price reductions, margin erosion and intense competition.
  We can deliver 30 to 40% price reductions each year.
  Some of the majors have recently announced price reductions (99 cents a track, $1.49 a track, etc.).
  The price reductions benefit colleges, which receive volume discounts from resellers.
  Synonyms
  lessening, lowering, decrease, diminution, minimizing
  discount, markdown, deduction, cut, price cut, pullback, concession, allowance
2. 1.2 The simplification of a subject or problem to a particular form in presentation or analysis.
  归纳，简化
  the reduction of classical genetics to molecular biology
  将古典遗传学归结为分子生物学。
  Example sentencesExamples
  Along with its adoption has come a simplification and reduction of the concept into forms that are more readily measured and calculated.
  The reduction of reasoning to mechanical calculation that they identified is no clearer than in the inhuman logic of capitalist exchange.
  I find this reduction of the subject to a victim sad.
  This process of simplification and hybridization involves reduction of linguistic resources and restriction of use to such limited functions as trade.
3. 1.3Mathematics The process of converting an amount from one denomination to a smaller one, or of bringing down a fraction to its lowest terms.
  〔数〕简化，缩减，约化；归约
  Example sentencesExamples
  In particular Zhang sees the reduction of fractions to a common denominator as hard.
4. 1.4Biology The halving of the number of chromosomes per cell that occurs at one of the two anaphases of meiosis.
  〔生〕染色体减半
  Example sentencesExamples
  Sexual plant reproduction involves a reduction of the somatic chromosome number by meiosis followed by a restoration of the somatic chromosome number by fertilization.
  Double reduction is a phenomenon that two sister chromatids of a chromosome sort into the same gamete.
  The reduction in cell number of the female gametophyte and embryo allows a large number of megasporogenesis events to occur in the ovary.
  As a consequence of such a chromosome reduction, cellular metabolite and energy resources would not be expended to maintain and express the deleted genetic information.
2A thing that is made smaller or less in size or amount.
规模（或数量）被减少之物，尤指
1. 2.1 An arrangement of an orchestral score for piano or for a smaller group of performers.
  简编曲（管弦乐改编的钢琴曲或小乐队演奏曲）
  Example sentencesExamples
  Certain reductions and approximations had to be made, but the notes sound out the essence of the score.
  Apparently Tilson Thomas and Grierson were the first pianists to record this reduction.
  The Apollo piano reduction is by Stravinsky himself, so the notes are sacrosanct, Matjias says.
  Kudos must be given to Björling's unsung accompanist, particularly in the piano reductions of the arias.
  This is not in the piano reduction of the transcription.
  The simple idea is that the student scores the piano reduction of, say, a Mozart symphony for the same forces as Mozart uses and then compares his version with Mozart's full score.
  Philip Walsh conducts Jonathan Dove's ingenious orchestral reduction with flair, even if he can't disguise the occasional un-Puccinian scrawniness of the string sound.
  Although the composer himself prepared the piano reduction, one misses the vivid panoply of orchestral sonorities in La Valse.
  Ades' work is in 8 movements, and is so complex that it is not possible to do a piano reduction.
  Nadia evidently asked him to play an organ reduction of it at the service, and appeared to be satisfied with the result.
  Synonyms
  adaptation, setting, scoring, orchestration, instrumentation, harmonization
2. 2.2 A thick and concentrated liquid or sauce made by boiling.
  浓汤，浓汁
  Example sentencesExamples
  Roast foie gras is served very hot indeed; it was sauced with a reduction of Banyuls.
  In a medium saucepan, bring the lobster stock reduction to a boil, add the cream, and simmer until reduced by half.
  This was a deep, concentrated sauce, a model reduction of proper fish stock, wine and cream.
  The reduction of port jus was a little sweet for my taste, though the mash and carrots were delicious.
  Chef Mallory Buford displays a sure hand, light on the fat but compensating by ratcheting up the flavor with strong reductions, inventive seasoning, and fresh herbs.
  Remember, most sauces are reductions, therefore the taste will be concentrated.
  For the accompanying sauce he first did a reduction of shallots, white wine, fennel seeds and star aniseed.
  Drizzle saffron sabayon on the plate and spoon clusters of the reserved diced pears and poaching liquid reduction around the sabayon.
  Add the reduction to the sauce and simmer for 10 minutes.
  A wonderful sweet sauce, a reduction of olive oil and ketchup, had been dotted in the four cardinal points of the plate.
3. 2.3 A copy of a picture or photograph made on a smaller scale than the original.
  （照片，画）缩小版
  Example sentencesExamples
  Two of the works that they acquired were bought as reductions of the previously mentioned Napoleon at Fontainebleau and Napoleon Crossing the Alps.
  Experimentation is necessary to determine the dilution required for a particular reduction.
  The painting itself did not subsequently spawn any of the painted repetitions and reductions that complicate the pedigree of Delaroche's later works.
3The action of remedying a dislocation or fracture by returning the affected part of the body to its normal position.
脱臼（或断骨）复位
Example sentencesExamples
- Muscle spasm sets in shortly after dislocation, making reduction more difficult.
- If the dislocation is irreducible or unstable after reduction, referral to an orthopedic or hand subspecialist is advised.
- Failure to reduce the dislocation successfully using these methods necessitates reduction under general anesthesia.
- Most patients with hip fracture require surgical reduction and internal fixation.
- Subsequent plain films and computed tomography confirmed satisfactory reduction with no acetabular fracture.
- Fractures that are difficult to reduce or unstable after reduction may require orthopedic or hand referral.
- Reduction of acute nasal fractures in the primary care setting is confined largely to the closed reduction of mild unilateral fractures.
- The surgeon performs a trial reduction by maneuvering the hip joint through range of motion.
- Occasionally, however, we need to flash sterilize an internal fixation screw set for an emergency open reduction with internal fixation of a fracture.
- The following are the requisites for an acceptable reduction of any fracture listed in order of importance.
- However, this break would require reduction and casting, and orthopedic referral.
- Closed fractures of the distal phalanx may require reduction but usually are minimally displaced and stable, and can be splinted.
- Radiographs should be taken when the physician is uncertain of dislocation or reduction.
- If adequate sedation and pain relief are not possible, reduction under general anaesthetic may be necessary to minimise the risk of complications for both the patient and the doctor.
- Seven years prior to admission, he sustained a traumatic ankle fracture that required surgical reduction.
4Chemistry
The process or result of reducing or being reduced.
〔化〕还原；被还原
Example sentencesExamples
- For example reduction of ethanol gives the alkene ethene.
- Secondary alcohols can be formed by reduction of the ketone by hydrogen gas in the presence of a catalyst.
- The carboxyl group can also be converted into an alcohol by reduction of the carbonyl carbon.
- Oxidation and reduction are two processes that are quite common in chemical reactions.
- The chemical reduction of nitrate to nitrite requires metabolic energy.
5Phonetics
Substitution of a sound which requires less muscular effort to articulate.
〔语音〕弱化
the process of vowel reduction
元音弱化。
Example sentencesExamples
- Also of interest are the examples in the lyrics of the sort of phonological reduction typical of the rapid speech of native English speakers.
- The process that changed ‘iced cream’ to ‘ice cream’ is called consonant cluster reduction, by the way.

Origin

Late Middle English (denoting the action of bringing back): from Old French, or from Latin reductio(n-), from reducere ‘bring back, restore’ (see reduce). The sense development was broadly similar to that of reduce; sense 1 dates from the late 17th century.

词汇	reduction
释义	Definition of reduction in English: reduction noun rɪˈdʌkʃ(ə)nrəˈdəkʃ(ə)n mass noun 1The action or fact of making something smaller or less in amount, degree, or size. 缩减，降低 talks on arms reduction 削减武器谈判。 count noun there had been a reduction in the number of casualties 伤亡人数已经减少。 Example sentencesExamples If there's a sustained period of reduced car crime and a reduction in claims, I think we would expect to see some sort of reduction in your car insurance, or alternatively a slow-down in the rate of increase. After reduction, the print should be agitated in rapid fixer for 30 seconds before toning. A reduction in salt can help reduce blood pressure. A reduction in the city's 50 percent parking tax also could be part of the mix, said Roddey. A reduction in expertise will result, but will divert minor problems to a more accessible clinic. A reduction in perceived risk or an increase in the expected future cash flow of the corporate sector would cause stock prices to rise. A reduction in flights would have had little adverse effect on my progress through the program. He went on to express the hope that the removal of the grant would be reflected in a reduction of house prices. A reduction in tooth decay would reduce the risks of children dying during dental anaesthetics. A reduction in the dividend would save the company £150 million. It should not therefore fall within Article 30, even if it did in fact lead to a reduction in imports. A reduction in duties and taxes can significantly influence demand in a category that is price-sensitive. A reduction in fuel subsidies is planned for October, which will cause fuel prices to increase. A reduction in size at that time may have allowed buntings to exploit that new food resource (grass seeds). A reduction in competition is not what consumers want. A reduction in the intensity of training is recommended during the healing period. A reduction in the use of pesticides and a clean-up of waterways are part of the plan. A reduction in programming errors and increased reliability are additional benefits reaped by using a common code base. A reduction in winds can also limit the availability of nutrients. After reduction, the units of silver are referred to as grains. Synonyms depletion, cut, cutting, cutback, scaling down, trimming, slimming (down), pruning, axing, chopping, curtailment, limiting easing, lightening, moderation, dilution, mitigation, commuting, qualification, alleviation, relaxation, abatement demotion, downgrading, lowering abasement, humbling, demeaning, belittling, humiliation, bringing low 1.1count noun The amount by which something is made smaller, less, or lower in price. （数量的）削减；（价格的）降低 special reductions on knitwear 针织品特价。 Example sentencesExamples It says Ford is demanding 30 percent price reductions in light of the impending free trade agreement with China. In any industry, oversupply leads to price reductions and pressure on profit margins. They demand and get price reductions of three, four or five percent every year on existing products. Competition in the mainland's dairy industry, with more than 1,500 players, may also lead to price and margin reductions, it warned. We saw price reductions and some service quality improvements in our telecommunications sector and Victoria's electricity supply. We can deliver 30 to 40% price reductions each year. The idea of getting price reductions for customers by bulk buying was a unique service and about as heavily promoted as any e-commerce service has been to date. This year's price reductions have only come about because of meaningful threats from the regulator. The proposals call for sugar quota and price reductions of 16% and 33% respectively. Because they buy goods directly from producers in huge quantities, they receive price reductions, which they then pass on to customers. The spokesman said the signs were very useful in combating excess speed, showing reductions on average of eight or nine miles per hour. The Fed's five interest rate reductions this year have lowered the overnight bank lending rate to 4 percent. The price reductions benefit colleges, which receive volume discounts from resellers. Far from being a humanitarian action, the price reductions represent an attempt to preserve patent rights by diffusing international pressure for generic manufacturing. Some of the majors have recently announced price reductions (99 cents a track, $1.49 a track, etc.). As we saw in the US earlier in the year, the immediate reaction of share prices to interest rate reductions tends to be positive. Britain has seen sustained real price reductions in sourcing energy. This oversupply has led to severe competition between the many of the players, which is often manifested as price reductions or discounts in order to clear excess inventory. This should come as no surprise, given market concerns over consumer and corporate spending and confidence, price reductions, margin erosion and intense competition. Motorists will welcome the continuing reductions in fuel prices, thanks to lower crude costs and the strengthening of the euro against the dollar. Synonyms lessening, lowering, decrease, diminution, minimizing discount, markdown, deduction, (price) cut, pullback, concession, allowance informal slash 1.2 The simplification of a subject or problem to a particular form in presentation or analysis. 归纳，简化 the reduction of classical genetics to molecular biology 将古典遗传学归结为分子生物学。 Example sentencesExamples This process of simplification and hybridization involves reduction of linguistic resources and restriction of use to such limited functions as trade. Along with its adoption has come a simplification and reduction of the concept into forms that are more readily measured and calculated. The reduction of reasoning to mechanical calculation that they identified is no clearer than in the inhuman logic of capitalist exchange. I find this reduction of the subject to a victim sad. 1.3Mathematics The process of converting an amount from one denomination to a smaller one, or of bringing down a fraction to its lowest terms. 〔数〕简化，缩减，约化；归约 Example sentencesExamples In particular Zhang sees the reduction of fractions to a common denominator as hard. 1.4Biology The halving of the number of chromosomes per cell that occurs at one of the two anaphases of meiosis. 〔生〕染色体减半 Example sentencesExamples The reduction in cell number of the female gametophyte and embryo allows a large number of megasporogenesis events to occur in the ovary. As a consequence of such a chromosome reduction, cellular metabolite and energy resources would not be expended to maintain and express the deleted genetic information. Double reduction is a phenomenon that two sister chromatids of a chromosome sort into the same gamete. Sexual plant reproduction involves a reduction of the somatic chromosome number by meiosis followed by a restoration of the somatic chromosome number by fertilization. 2count noun A thing that is made smaller or less in size or amount. 规模（或数量）被减少之物，尤指 2.1 An arrangement of an orchestral score for piano or for a smaller group of performers. 简编曲（管弦乐改编的钢琴曲或小乐队演奏曲） Example sentencesExamples The Apollo piano reduction is by Stravinsky himself, so the notes are sacrosanct, Matjias says. Apparently Tilson Thomas and Grierson were the first pianists to record this reduction. Ades' work is in 8 movements, and is so complex that it is not possible to do a piano reduction. This is not in the piano reduction of the transcription. Certain reductions and approximations had to be made, but the notes sound out the essence of the score. Nadia evidently asked him to play an organ reduction of it at the service, and appeared to be satisfied with the result. Although the composer himself prepared the piano reduction, one misses the vivid panoply of orchestral sonorities in La Valse. Philip Walsh conducts Jonathan Dove's ingenious orchestral reduction with flair, even if he can't disguise the occasional un-Puccinian scrawniness of the string sound. Kudos must be given to Björling's unsung accompanist, particularly in the piano reductions of the arias. The simple idea is that the student scores the piano reduction of, say, a Mozart symphony for the same forces as Mozart uses and then compares his version with Mozart's full score. Synonyms adaptation, setting, scoring, orchestration, instrumentation, harmonization 2.2 A thick and concentrated liquid or sauce made by boiling. 浓汤，浓汁 Example sentencesExamples A wonderful sweet sauce, a reduction of olive oil and ketchup, had been dotted in the four cardinal points of the plate. For the accompanying sauce he first did a reduction of shallots, white wine, fennel seeds and star aniseed. Add the reduction to the sauce and simmer for 10 minutes. Chef Mallory Buford displays a sure hand, light on the fat but compensating by ratcheting up the flavor with strong reductions, inventive seasoning, and fresh herbs. Remember, most sauces are reductions, therefore the taste will be concentrated. The reduction of port jus was a little sweet for my taste, though the mash and carrots were delicious. Drizzle saffron sabayon on the plate and spoon clusters of the reserved diced pears and poaching liquid reduction around the sabayon. In a medium saucepan, bring the lobster stock reduction to a boil, add the cream, and simmer until reduced by half. This was a deep, concentrated sauce, a model reduction of proper fish stock, wine and cream. Roast foie gras is served very hot indeed; it was sauced with a reduction of Banyuls. 2.3 A copy of a picture or photograph made on a smaller scale than the original. （照片，画）缩小版 Example sentencesExamples Experimentation is necessary to determine the dilution required for a particular reduction. The painting itself did not subsequently spawn any of the painted repetitions and reductions that complicate the pedigree of Delaroche's later works. Two of the works that they acquired were bought as reductions of the previously mentioned Napoleon at Fontainebleau and Napoleon Crossing the Alps. 3The action of remedying a dislocation or fracture by returning the affected part of the body to its normal position. 脱臼（或断骨）复位 we must see if the fracture requires reduction Example sentencesExamples Radiographs should be taken when the physician is uncertain of dislocation or reduction. Fractures that are difficult to reduce or unstable after reduction may require orthopedic or hand referral. Failure to reduce the dislocation successfully using these methods necessitates reduction under general anesthesia. Occasionally, however, we need to flash sterilize an internal fixation screw set for an emergency open reduction with internal fixation of a fracture. Reduction of acute nasal fractures in the primary care setting is confined largely to the closed reduction of mild unilateral fractures. Subsequent plain films and computed tomography confirmed satisfactory reduction with no acetabular fracture. The following are the requisites for an acceptable reduction of any fracture listed in order of importance. Seven years prior to admission, he sustained a traumatic ankle fracture that required surgical reduction. Closed fractures of the distal phalanx may require reduction but usually are minimally displaced and stable, and can be splinted. The surgeon performs a trial reduction by maneuvering the hip joint through range of motion. However, this break would require reduction and casting, and orthopedic referral. Most patients with hip fracture require surgical reduction and internal fixation. If the dislocation is irreducible or unstable after reduction, referral to an orthopedic or hand subspecialist is advised. Muscle spasm sets in shortly after dislocation, making reduction more difficult. If adequate sedation and pain relief are not possible, reduction under general anaesthetic may be necessary to minimise the risk of complications for both the patient and the doctor. 4Chemistry The process or result of reducing or being reduced. 〔化〕还原；被还原 the reaction is limited to reduction to the hydrocarbon Example sentencesExamples Secondary alcohols can be formed by reduction of the ketone by hydrogen gas in the presence of a catalyst. The carboxyl group can also be converted into an alcohol by reduction of the carbonyl carbon. The chemical reduction of nitrate to nitrite requires metabolic energy. Oxidation and reduction are two processes that are quite common in chemical reactions. For example reduction of ethanol gives the alkene ethene. 5Phonetics Substitution of a sound which requires less muscular effort to articulate. 〔语音〕弱化 the process of vowel reduction 元音弱化。 Example sentencesExamples Also of interest are the examples in the lyrics of the sort of phonological reduction typical of the rapid speech of native English speakers. The process that changed ‘iced cream’ to ‘ice cream’ is called consonant cluster reduction, by the way. Origin Late Middle English (denoting the action of bringing back): from Old French, or from Latin reductio(n-), from reducere 'bring back, restore' (see reduce). The sense development was broadly similar to that of reduce; sense 1 dates from the late 17th century. Rhymes abduction, conduction, construction, deduction, destruction, eduction, effluxion, induction, instruction, introduction, misconstruction, obstruction, production, ruction, seduction, suction, underproduction Definition of reduction in US English: reduction nounrəˈdəkSH(ə)nrəˈdəkʃ(ə)n 1The action or fact of making a specified thing smaller or less in amount, degree, or size. 缩减，降低 talks on arms reduction 削减武器谈判。 there had been a reduction in the number of casualties 伤亡人数已经减少。 Example sentencesExamples A reduction in perceived risk or an increase in the expected future cash flow of the corporate sector would cause stock prices to rise. It should not therefore fall within Article 30, even if it did in fact lead to a reduction in imports. A reduction in competition is not what consumers want. A reduction in salt can help reduce blood pressure. He went on to express the hope that the removal of the grant would be reflected in a reduction of house prices. A reduction in the intensity of training is recommended during the healing period. A reduction in size at that time may have allowed buntings to exploit that new food resource (grass seeds). A reduction in tooth decay would reduce the risks of children dying during dental anaesthetics. A reduction in the dividend would save the company £150 million. A reduction in the use of pesticides and a clean-up of waterways are part of the plan. A reduction in the city's 50 percent parking tax also could be part of the mix, said Roddey. A reduction in fuel subsidies is planned for October, which will cause fuel prices to increase. After reduction, the units of silver are referred to as grains. A reduction in duties and taxes can significantly influence demand in a category that is price-sensitive. A reduction in winds can also limit the availability of nutrients. A reduction in flights would have had little adverse effect on my progress through the program. After reduction, the print should be agitated in rapid fixer for 30 seconds before toning. A reduction in programming errors and increased reliability are additional benefits reaped by using a common code base. If there's a sustained period of reduced car crime and a reduction in claims, I think we would expect to see some sort of reduction in your car insurance, or alternatively a slow-down in the rate of increase. A reduction in expertise will result, but will divert minor problems to a more accessible clinic. Synonyms depletion, cut, cutting, cutback, scaling down, trimming, slimming, slimming down, pruning, axing, chopping, curtailment, limiting easing, lightening, moderation, dilution, mitigation, commuting, qualification, alleviation, relaxation, abatement demotion, downgrading, lowering 1.1 The amount by which something is made smaller, less, or lower in price. （数量的）削减；（价格的）降低 special reductions on knitwear 针织品特价。 Example sentencesExamples Competition in the mainland's dairy industry, with more than 1,500 players, may also lead to price and margin reductions, it warned. It says Ford is demanding 30 percent price reductions in light of the impending free trade agreement with China. We saw price reductions and some service quality improvements in our telecommunications sector and Victoria's electricity supply. In any industry, oversupply leads to price reductions and pressure on profit margins. The Fed's five interest rate reductions this year have lowered the overnight bank lending rate to 4 percent. Far from being a humanitarian action, the price reductions represent an attempt to preserve patent rights by diffusing international pressure for generic manufacturing. The spokesman said the signs were very useful in combating excess speed, showing reductions on average of eight or nine miles per hour. Britain has seen sustained real price reductions in sourcing energy. This oversupply has led to severe competition between the many of the players, which is often manifested as price reductions or discounts in order to clear excess inventory. This year's price reductions have only come about because of meaningful threats from the regulator. The proposals call for sugar quota and price reductions of 16% and 33% respectively. Because they buy goods directly from producers in huge quantities, they receive price reductions, which they then pass on to customers. As we saw in the US earlier in the year, the immediate reaction of share prices to interest rate reductions tends to be positive. Motorists will welcome the continuing reductions in fuel prices, thanks to lower crude costs and the strengthening of the euro against the dollar. They demand and get price reductions of three, four or five percent every year on existing products. The idea of getting price reductions for customers by bulk buying was a unique service and about as heavily promoted as any e-commerce service has been to date. This should come as no surprise, given market concerns over consumer and corporate spending and confidence, price reductions, margin erosion and intense competition. We can deliver 30 to 40% price reductions each year. Some of the majors have recently announced price reductions (99 cents a track, $1.49 a track, etc.). The price reductions benefit colleges, which receive volume discounts from resellers. Synonyms lessening, lowering, decrease, diminution, minimizing discount, markdown, deduction, cut, price cut, pullback, concession, allowance 1.2 The simplification of a subject or problem to a particular form in presentation or analysis. 归纳，简化 the reduction of classical genetics to molecular biology 将古典遗传学归结为分子生物学。 Example sentencesExamples Along with its adoption has come a simplification and reduction of the concept into forms that are more readily measured and calculated. The reduction of reasoning to mechanical calculation that they identified is no clearer than in the inhuman logic of capitalist exchange. I find this reduction of the subject to a victim sad. This process of simplification and hybridization involves reduction of linguistic resources and restriction of use to such limited functions as trade. 1.3Mathematics The process of converting an amount from one denomination to a smaller one, or of bringing down a fraction to its lowest terms. 〔数〕简化，缩减，约化；归约 Example sentencesExamples In particular Zhang sees the reduction of fractions to a common denominator as hard. 1.4Biology The halving of the number of chromosomes per cell that occurs at one of the two anaphases of meiosis. 〔生〕染色体减半 Example sentencesExamples Sexual plant reproduction involves a reduction of the somatic chromosome number by meiosis followed by a restoration of the somatic chromosome number by fertilization. Double reduction is a phenomenon that two sister chromatids of a chromosome sort into the same gamete. The reduction in cell number of the female gametophyte and embryo allows a large number of megasporogenesis events to occur in the ovary. As a consequence of such a chromosome reduction, cellular metabolite and energy resources would not be expended to maintain and express the deleted genetic information. 2A thing that is made smaller or less in size or amount. 规模（或数量）被减少之物，尤指 2.1 An arrangement of an orchestral score for piano or for a smaller group of performers. 简编曲（管弦乐改编的钢琴曲或小乐队演奏曲） Example sentencesExamples Certain reductions and approximations had to be made, but the notes sound out the essence of the score. Apparently Tilson Thomas and Grierson were the first pianists to record this reduction. The Apollo piano reduction is by Stravinsky himself, so the notes are sacrosanct, Matjias says. Kudos must be given to Björling's unsung accompanist, particularly in the piano reductions of the arias. This is not in the piano reduction of the transcription. The simple idea is that the student scores the piano reduction of, say, a Mozart symphony for the same forces as Mozart uses and then compares his version with Mozart's full score. Philip Walsh conducts Jonathan Dove's ingenious orchestral reduction with flair, even if he can't disguise the occasional un-Puccinian scrawniness of the string sound. Although the composer himself prepared the piano reduction, one misses the vivid panoply of orchestral sonorities in La Valse. Ades' work is in 8 movements, and is so complex that it is not possible to do a piano reduction. Nadia evidently asked him to play an organ reduction of it at the service, and appeared to be satisfied with the result. Synonyms adaptation, setting, scoring, orchestration, instrumentation, harmonization 2.2 A thick and concentrated liquid or sauce made by boiling. 浓汤，浓汁 Example sentencesExamples Roast foie gras is served very hot indeed; it was sauced with a reduction of Banyuls. In a medium saucepan, bring the lobster stock reduction to a boil, add the cream, and simmer until reduced by half. This was a deep, concentrated sauce, a model reduction of proper fish stock, wine and cream. The reduction of port jus was a little sweet for my taste, though the mash and carrots were delicious. Chef Mallory Buford displays a sure hand, light on the fat but compensating by ratcheting up the flavor with strong reductions, inventive seasoning, and fresh herbs. Remember, most sauces are reductions, therefore the taste will be concentrated. For the accompanying sauce he first did a reduction of shallots, white wine, fennel seeds and star aniseed. Drizzle saffron sabayon on the plate and spoon clusters of the reserved diced pears and poaching liquid reduction around the sabayon. Add the reduction to the sauce and simmer for 10 minutes. A wonderful sweet sauce, a reduction of olive oil and ketchup, had been dotted in the four cardinal points of the plate. 2.3 A copy of a picture or photograph made on a smaller scale than the original. （照片，画）缩小版 Example sentencesExamples Two of the works that they acquired were bought as reductions of the previously mentioned Napoleon at Fontainebleau and Napoleon Crossing the Alps. Experimentation is necessary to determine the dilution required for a particular reduction. The painting itself did not subsequently spawn any of the painted repetitions and reductions that complicate the pedigree of Delaroche's later works. 3The action of remedying a dislocation or fracture by returning the affected part of the body to its normal position. 脱臼（或断骨）复位 Example sentencesExamples Muscle spasm sets in shortly after dislocation, making reduction more difficult. If the dislocation is irreducible or unstable after reduction, referral to an orthopedic or hand subspecialist is advised. Failure to reduce the dislocation successfully using these methods necessitates reduction under general anesthesia. Most patients with hip fracture require surgical reduction and internal fixation. Subsequent plain films and computed tomography confirmed satisfactory reduction with no acetabular fracture. Fractures that are difficult to reduce or unstable after reduction may require orthopedic or hand referral. Reduction of acute nasal fractures in the primary care setting is confined largely to the closed reduction of mild unilateral fractures. The surgeon performs a trial reduction by maneuvering the hip joint through range of motion. Occasionally, however, we need to flash sterilize an internal fixation screw set for an emergency open reduction with internal fixation of a fracture. The following are the requisites for an acceptable reduction of any fracture listed in order of importance. However, this break would require reduction and casting, and orthopedic referral. Closed fractures of the distal phalanx may require reduction but usually are minimally displaced and stable, and can be splinted. Radiographs should be taken when the physician is uncertain of dislocation or reduction. If adequate sedation and pain relief are not possible, reduction under general anaesthetic may be necessary to minimise the risk of complications for both the patient and the doctor. Seven years prior to admission, he sustained a traumatic ankle fracture that required surgical reduction. 4Chemistry The process or result of reducing or being reduced. 〔化〕还原；被还原 Example sentencesExamples For example reduction of ethanol gives the alkene ethene. Secondary alcohols can be formed by reduction of the ketone by hydrogen gas in the presence of a catalyst. The carboxyl group can also be converted into an alcohol by reduction of the carbonyl carbon. Oxidation and reduction are two processes that are quite common in chemical reactions. The chemical reduction of nitrate to nitrite requires metabolic energy. 5Phonetics Substitution of a sound which requires less muscular effort to articulate. 〔语音〕弱化 the process of vowel reduction 元音弱化。 Example sentencesExamples Also of interest are the examples in the lyrics of the sort of phonological reduction typical of the rapid speech of native English speakers. The process that changed ‘iced cream’ to ‘ice cream’ is called consonant cluster reduction, by the way. Origin Late Middle English (denoting the action of bringing back): from Old French, or from Latin reductio(n-), from reducere ‘bring back, restore’ (see reduce). The sense development was broadly similar to that of reduce; sense 1 dates from the late 17th century.
随便看	become stuck become sunny become supportive of become tangible become tattered become tedious become teetotal become tender become thin become thinner become thirsty become threadbare become tight/tighter become tiresome become trapped become unable to move become unarmed become uncontrollable become unfriendly towards become unified become united become unproductive become unprogressive become unsympathetic to become unyielding/obdurate