Definition of lichen in English:

lichen

noun ˈlɪtʃ(ə)nˈlʌɪk(ə)nˈlaɪkən

1A simple slow-growing plant that typically forms a low crusty, leaflike, or branching growth on rocks, walls, and trees.
地衣
Lichens are composite plants consisting of a fungus that contains photosynthetic algal cells. Their classification is based upon that of the fungal partner, which in most cases belongs to the subdivision Ascomycotina, and the algal partners are either green algae or cyanobacteria
the cedars are festooned with lichen
count noun rocks covered with gold lichens
Example sentencesExamples
- Yellow dyes from native lichens and tree bark were replaced by Old Fustic, a flowering plant, and quercitron bark, both from North America.
- A special class of these, oleananes, are formed by flowering plants, some ferns and lichens.
- Mosses, ferns and green and white lichens sprawled all over the wet rock wall that bounded the inner curve of the levada.
- Prior to data collection, samples of lichens were collected from tree trunks at twelve of the study sites.
- In contrast to higher plants, lichens and mosses are capable of tolerating full dehydration.
- Although they seem barren, the flat rock outcrops, known as pavement rock, support some lichens and mosses.
- It is thus important to determine the order of magnitude of the acceleration effect on biogenic weathering by soil microorganisms, lichens and vascular plants.
- In that position it will be only partially visible to visitors and effectively inhibit the growth of lichens.
- I fancy that it had been there long before the avenue was constructed, for the grey tiles were stained with lichens, and the walls were mildewed and discoloured with age.
- A large number of invertebrates, bryophytes, and lichens are also likely to depend on large dead trees.
- It seemed incredible that anything could live here, but different-coloured lichens clung to the rocks and gave them their sunset tones.
- These include the lichens, mosses and liverworts, all of which are worth a closer look through a magnifying glass in order to appreciate their true beauty.
- The culture in the yoghurt brings up a weather-beaten effect within weeks and encourages the growth of lichens.
- The elements and the wood of the tree have fed the lichens and mosses.
- In addition to the algae in lichens, bacteria are invariably associated with the lichen thallus.
- The primary objective of this study was to document the lichens, bryophytes and vascular plants present at the High Line.
- A profusion of mosses, liverworts, lichens and ferns cover the woodland floor and festoon tree trunks and branches.
- Despite the wide diversity of the basic growth forms, all lichens have a similar internal morphology.
- There are a lot of mosses and lichens, simple in that respect, but it provides a habitat for such a range and complexity of wildlife that come ashore to breed.
- Ancient fluorescent lichens cling to rocks, and fluffy Arctic cotton softens the harshness of the landscape.
2mass noun, usually with modifier A skin disease in which small, hard round lesions occur close together.
苔藓病（一种皮肤病，患者皮肤上出现密集的小圆形坚硬伤口）
patients with oral lichen planus
Example sentencesExamples
- Other causes of genital dermatitis, such as lichen planus, can cause similar symptoms.
- My mouth and tongue are severely inflamed and a biopsy has diagnosed lichen planus.
- Thus, the patient should be examined for the characteristic lacy white patterned and erosive lesions of the oral and genital mucosa to rule out lichen planus.
- The white buccal lesions of oral lichen planus may necessitate biopsy to exclude leukoplakia, candidiasis, and secondary syphilis.
- Up to 70 percent of patients with lichen planus may have mucosal involvement.
- However, there is very positive evidence that many oral lichen planus sufferers test as hypersensitive to mercury.
- The reported rates of association have differed widely, probably because of varying study design, oral versus cutaneous lichen planus and geography.
- Effective treatment of pruritus can prevent scratch-induced complications such as lichen simplex chronicus and impetigo.
- They are totally benign, although occasional patients or physicians become concerned about them or misdiagnose them as, for example, thrush or lichen planus.
- Some authors have speculated that the trauma and increased infection related to sexual abuse may act as a trigger to developing lichen sclerosus, related to Koebnerisation, which is known to occur in this disease.
- This is fairly common, is seen almost exclusively in women over middle age, and is usually a manifestation of lichen planus or mucous membrane pemphigoid.
- Other rarely reported dermatoses include lichen simplex and impetigo.
- But it may be associated with another inflammatory skin condition called lichen planus.
- The signs of oral lichen planus are white streaks on the cheeks and gums, which are usually painless and not itchy.
- Patients with localized lichen planus are usually treated with potent topical steroids, while systemic steroids are used to treat patients with generalized lichen planus.
- The differential diagnosis includes psoriasis, lichen simplex chronicus, prurigo nodularis, and lichen planus.
- Dissecting cellulitis, lichen planopilaris, and folliculitis decalvans also may cause scarring alopecia.
- Vulvar symptoms may be caused by an underlying genital dermatological condition, such as dermatitis or lichen sclerosus
- Signs and symptoms of oral lichen planus may last weeks to months and include a dry or sore mouth, a burning sensation or a metallic taste.
- An example is a family of conditions called lichen simplex, lichen sclerosis, and lichen planus.

Derivatives

lichened

adjectiveˈlʌɪkəndˈlɪtʃəndˈlaɪk(ə)nd

Covered in lichen.
ancient lichened tiles
Example sentencesExamples
- massive lichened boulders
- Pipits cheeped on the lichened stones of the dyke.
- It could be ancient lichened tiles, but it isn't: it is made of steel, designed to rust naturally and durably, so never needing to be painted.
- This one, the First Master's favourite, its subtle pattern of gold and silvered scales congruent with the lichened rock, might yet find favour with his great-grandson.

lichenology

noun lʌɪkəˈnɒlədʒilɪtʃəˈnɒlədʒiˌlaɪkəˈnɑlədʒi

mass noun

The study of lichen.
recent advances in lichenology
Example sentencesExamples
- as modifier the mycology and lichenology laboratory
- But it does offer ‘an important basis for discussion, criticism and progress’ and will therefore appeal both to newcomers and to those currently working in the field of lichenology.
- It was awarded in recognition of his international contribution to lichenology, and in particular for his research into Polish lichens.
- Webpages devoted to lichenology are also maintained by members of the Association.

lichenous

adjective ˈlʌɪkənəsˈlɪtʃənəsˈlaɪkənəs

1Covered in or resembling lichen.
the grey roof is warmed with lichenous vegetation
Example sentencesExamples
- lichenous rocks fell away to bluffs
- a lichenous rash
2Relating to or denoting lichen, a skin disease in which small, hard round lesions occur close together.
苔藓病（一种皮肤病，患者皮肤上出现密集的小圆形坚硬伤口）

Origin

Early 17th century: via Latin from Greek leikhēn.

Rhymes

kitchen

Definition of lichen in US English:

lichen

nounˈlaɪkənˈlīkən

1A simple slow-growing plant that typically forms a low crusty, leaflike, or branching growth on rocks, walls, and trees.
地衣
Lichens are composite plants consisting of a fungus that contains photosynthetic algal cells. Their classification is based upon that of the fungal partner, which in most cases belongs to the subdivision Ascomycotina, and the algal partners are either green algae or cyanobacteria. Lichens obtain their water and nutrients from the atmosphere and can be sensitive indicators of atmospheric pollution
the cedars are festooned with lichen
count noun rocks covered with gold lichens
Example sentencesExamples
- Despite the wide diversity of the basic growth forms, all lichens have a similar internal morphology.
- These include the lichens, mosses and liverworts, all of which are worth a closer look through a magnifying glass in order to appreciate their true beauty.
- The culture in the yoghurt brings up a weather-beaten effect within weeks and encourages the growth of lichens.
- The primary objective of this study was to document the lichens, bryophytes and vascular plants present at the High Line.
- The elements and the wood of the tree have fed the lichens and mosses.
- A profusion of mosses, liverworts, lichens and ferns cover the woodland floor and festoon tree trunks and branches.
- A special class of these, oleananes, are formed by flowering plants, some ferns and lichens.
- In that position it will be only partially visible to visitors and effectively inhibit the growth of lichens.
- A large number of invertebrates, bryophytes, and lichens are also likely to depend on large dead trees.
- In contrast to higher plants, lichens and mosses are capable of tolerating full dehydration.
- Yellow dyes from native lichens and tree bark were replaced by Old Fustic, a flowering plant, and quercitron bark, both from North America.
- It seemed incredible that anything could live here, but different-coloured lichens clung to the rocks and gave them their sunset tones.
- Prior to data collection, samples of lichens were collected from tree trunks at twelve of the study sites.
- In addition to the algae in lichens, bacteria are invariably associated with the lichen thallus.
- I fancy that it had been there long before the avenue was constructed, for the grey tiles were stained with lichens, and the walls were mildewed and discoloured with age.
- Although they seem barren, the flat rock outcrops, known as pavement rock, support some lichens and mosses.
- There are a lot of mosses and lichens, simple in that respect, but it provides a habitat for such a range and complexity of wildlife that come ashore to breed.
- Mosses, ferns and green and white lichens sprawled all over the wet rock wall that bounded the inner curve of the levada.
- It is thus important to determine the order of magnitude of the acceleration effect on biogenic weathering by soil microorganisms, lichens and vascular plants.
- Ancient fluorescent lichens cling to rocks, and fluffy Arctic cotton softens the harshness of the landscape.
2usually with modifier A skin disease in which small pimples or bumps occur close together.
苔藓病（一种皮肤病，患者皮肤上出现密集的小圆形坚硬伤口）
patients with oral lichen planus
Example sentencesExamples
- My mouth and tongue are severely inflamed and a biopsy has diagnosed lichen planus.
- Thus, the patient should be examined for the characteristic lacy white patterned and erosive lesions of the oral and genital mucosa to rule out lichen planus.
- This is fairly common, is seen almost exclusively in women over middle age, and is usually a manifestation of lichen planus or mucous membrane pemphigoid.
- Effective treatment of pruritus can prevent scratch-induced complications such as lichen simplex chronicus and impetigo.
- Dissecting cellulitis, lichen planopilaris, and folliculitis decalvans also may cause scarring alopecia.
- Vulvar symptoms may be caused by an underlying genital dermatological condition, such as dermatitis or lichen sclerosus
- The white buccal lesions of oral lichen planus may necessitate biopsy to exclude leukoplakia, candidiasis, and secondary syphilis.
- The differential diagnosis includes psoriasis, lichen simplex chronicus, prurigo nodularis, and lichen planus.
- But it may be associated with another inflammatory skin condition called lichen planus.
- Some authors have speculated that the trauma and increased infection related to sexual abuse may act as a trigger to developing lichen sclerosus, related to Koebnerisation, which is known to occur in this disease.
- The reported rates of association have differed widely, probably because of varying study design, oral versus cutaneous lichen planus and geography.
- Up to 70 percent of patients with lichen planus may have mucosal involvement.
- Patients with localized lichen planus are usually treated with potent topical steroids, while systemic steroids are used to treat patients with generalized lichen planus.
- However, there is very positive evidence that many oral lichen planus sufferers test as hypersensitive to mercury.
- Other causes of genital dermatitis, such as lichen planus, can cause similar symptoms.
- Signs and symptoms of oral lichen planus may last weeks to months and include a dry or sore mouth, a burning sensation or a metallic taste.
- They are totally benign, although occasional patients or physicians become concerned about them or misdiagnose them as, for example, thrush or lichen planus.
- The signs of oral lichen planus are white streaks on the cheeks and gums, which are usually painless and not itchy.
- Other rarely reported dermatoses include lichen simplex and impetigo.
- An example is a family of conditions called lichen simplex, lichen sclerosis, and lichen planus.

Origin

Early 17th century: via Latin from Greek leikhēn.

词汇	lichen
释义	Definition of lichen in English: lichen noun ˈlɪtʃ(ə)nˈlʌɪk(ə)nˈlaɪkən 1A simple slow-growing plant that typically forms a low crusty, leaflike, or branching growth on rocks, walls, and trees. 地衣 Lichens are composite plants consisting of a fungus that contains photosynthetic algal cells. Their classification is based upon that of the fungal partner, which in most cases belongs to the subdivision Ascomycotina, and the algal partners are either green algae or cyanobacteria the cedars are festooned with lichen count noun rocks covered with gold lichens Example sentencesExamples Yellow dyes from native lichens and tree bark were replaced by Old Fustic, a flowering plant, and quercitron bark, both from North America. A special class of these, oleananes, are formed by flowering plants, some ferns and lichens. Mosses, ferns and green and white lichens sprawled all over the wet rock wall that bounded the inner curve of the levada. Prior to data collection, samples of lichens were collected from tree trunks at twelve of the study sites. In contrast to higher plants, lichens and mosses are capable of tolerating full dehydration. Although they seem barren, the flat rock outcrops, known as pavement rock, support some lichens and mosses. It is thus important to determine the order of magnitude of the acceleration effect on biogenic weathering by soil microorganisms, lichens and vascular plants. In that position it will be only partially visible to visitors and effectively inhibit the growth of lichens. I fancy that it had been there long before the avenue was constructed, for the grey tiles were stained with lichens, and the walls were mildewed and discoloured with age. A large number of invertebrates, bryophytes, and lichens are also likely to depend on large dead trees. It seemed incredible that anything could live here, but different-coloured lichens clung to the rocks and gave them their sunset tones. These include the lichens, mosses and liverworts, all of which are worth a closer look through a magnifying glass in order to appreciate their true beauty. The culture in the yoghurt brings up a weather-beaten effect within weeks and encourages the growth of lichens. The elements and the wood of the tree have fed the lichens and mosses. In addition to the algae in lichens, bacteria are invariably associated with the lichen thallus. The primary objective of this study was to document the lichens, bryophytes and vascular plants present at the High Line. A profusion of mosses, liverworts, lichens and ferns cover the woodland floor and festoon tree trunks and branches. Despite the wide diversity of the basic growth forms, all lichens have a similar internal morphology. There are a lot of mosses and lichens, simple in that respect, but it provides a habitat for such a range and complexity of wildlife that come ashore to breed. Ancient fluorescent lichens cling to rocks, and fluffy Arctic cotton softens the harshness of the landscape. 2mass noun, usually with modifier A skin disease in which small, hard round lesions occur close together. 苔藓病（一种皮肤病，患者皮肤上出现密集的小圆形坚硬伤口） patients with oral lichen planus Example sentencesExamples Other causes of genital dermatitis, such as lichen planus, can cause similar symptoms. My mouth and tongue are severely inflamed and a biopsy has diagnosed lichen planus. Thus, the patient should be examined for the characteristic lacy white patterned and erosive lesions of the oral and genital mucosa to rule out lichen planus. The white buccal lesions of oral lichen planus may necessitate biopsy to exclude leukoplakia, candidiasis, and secondary syphilis. Up to 70 percent of patients with lichen planus may have mucosal involvement. However, there is very positive evidence that many oral lichen planus sufferers test as hypersensitive to mercury. The reported rates of association have differed widely, probably because of varying study design, oral versus cutaneous lichen planus and geography. Effective treatment of pruritus can prevent scratch-induced complications such as lichen simplex chronicus and impetigo. They are totally benign, although occasional patients or physicians become concerned about them or misdiagnose them as, for example, thrush or lichen planus. Some authors have speculated that the trauma and increased infection related to sexual abuse may act as a trigger to developing lichen sclerosus, related to Koebnerisation, which is known to occur in this disease. This is fairly common, is seen almost exclusively in women over middle age, and is usually a manifestation of lichen planus or mucous membrane pemphigoid. Other rarely reported dermatoses include lichen simplex and impetigo. But it may be associated with another inflammatory skin condition called lichen planus. The signs of oral lichen planus are white streaks on the cheeks and gums, which are usually painless and not itchy. Patients with localized lichen planus are usually treated with potent topical steroids, while systemic steroids are used to treat patients with generalized lichen planus. The differential diagnosis includes psoriasis, lichen simplex chronicus, prurigo nodularis, and lichen planus. Dissecting cellulitis, lichen planopilaris, and folliculitis decalvans also may cause scarring alopecia. Vulvar symptoms may be caused by an underlying genital dermatological condition, such as dermatitis or lichen sclerosus Signs and symptoms of oral lichen planus may last weeks to months and include a dry or sore mouth, a burning sensation or a metallic taste. An example is a family of conditions called lichen simplex, lichen sclerosis, and lichen planus. Derivatives lichened adjectiveˈlʌɪkəndˈlɪtʃəndˈlaɪk(ə)nd Covered in lichen. ancient lichened tiles Example sentencesExamples massive lichened boulders Pipits cheeped on the lichened stones of the dyke. It could be ancient lichened tiles, but it isn't: it is made of steel, designed to rust naturally and durably, so never needing to be painted. This one, the First Master's favourite, its subtle pattern of gold and silvered scales congruent with the lichened rock, might yet find favour with his great-grandson. lichenology noun lʌɪkəˈnɒlədʒilɪtʃəˈnɒlədʒiˌlaɪkəˈnɑlədʒi mass noun The study of lichen. recent advances in lichenology Example sentencesExamples as modifier the mycology and lichenology laboratory But it does offer ‘an important basis for discussion, criticism and progress’ and will therefore appeal both to newcomers and to those currently working in the field of lichenology. It was awarded in recognition of his international contribution to lichenology, and in particular for his research into Polish lichens. Webpages devoted to lichenology are also maintained by members of the Association. lichenous adjective ˈlʌɪkənəsˈlɪtʃənəsˈlaɪkənəs 1Covered in or resembling lichen. the grey roof is warmed with lichenous vegetation Example sentencesExamples lichenous rocks fell away to bluffs a lichenous rash 2Relating to or denoting lichen, a skin disease in which small, hard round lesions occur close together. 苔藓病（一种皮肤病，患者皮肤上出现密集的小圆形坚硬伤口） Origin Early 17th century: via Latin from Greek leikhēn. Rhymes kitchen Definition of lichen in US English: lichen nounˈlaɪkənˈlīkən 1A simple slow-growing plant that typically forms a low crusty, leaflike, or branching growth on rocks, walls, and trees. 地衣 Lichens are composite plants consisting of a fungus that contains photosynthetic algal cells. Their classification is based upon that of the fungal partner, which in most cases belongs to the subdivision Ascomycotina, and the algal partners are either green algae or cyanobacteria. Lichens obtain their water and nutrients from the atmosphere and can be sensitive indicators of atmospheric pollution the cedars are festooned with lichen count noun rocks covered with gold lichens Example sentencesExamples Despite the wide diversity of the basic growth forms, all lichens have a similar internal morphology. These include the lichens, mosses and liverworts, all of which are worth a closer look through a magnifying glass in order to appreciate their true beauty. The culture in the yoghurt brings up a weather-beaten effect within weeks and encourages the growth of lichens. The primary objective of this study was to document the lichens, bryophytes and vascular plants present at the High Line. The elements and the wood of the tree have fed the lichens and mosses. A profusion of mosses, liverworts, lichens and ferns cover the woodland floor and festoon tree trunks and branches. A special class of these, oleananes, are formed by flowering plants, some ferns and lichens. In that position it will be only partially visible to visitors and effectively inhibit the growth of lichens. A large number of invertebrates, bryophytes, and lichens are also likely to depend on large dead trees. In contrast to higher plants, lichens and mosses are capable of tolerating full dehydration. Yellow dyes from native lichens and tree bark were replaced by Old Fustic, a flowering plant, and quercitron bark, both from North America. It seemed incredible that anything could live here, but different-coloured lichens clung to the rocks and gave them their sunset tones. Prior to data collection, samples of lichens were collected from tree trunks at twelve of the study sites. In addition to the algae in lichens, bacteria are invariably associated with the lichen thallus. I fancy that it had been there long before the avenue was constructed, for the grey tiles were stained with lichens, and the walls were mildewed and discoloured with age. Although they seem barren, the flat rock outcrops, known as pavement rock, support some lichens and mosses. There are a lot of mosses and lichens, simple in that respect, but it provides a habitat for such a range and complexity of wildlife that come ashore to breed. Mosses, ferns and green and white lichens sprawled all over the wet rock wall that bounded the inner curve of the levada. It is thus important to determine the order of magnitude of the acceleration effect on biogenic weathering by soil microorganisms, lichens and vascular plants. Ancient fluorescent lichens cling to rocks, and fluffy Arctic cotton softens the harshness of the landscape. 2usually with modifier A skin disease in which small pimples or bumps occur close together. 苔藓病（一种皮肤病，患者皮肤上出现密集的小圆形坚硬伤口） patients with oral lichen planus Example sentencesExamples My mouth and tongue are severely inflamed and a biopsy has diagnosed lichen planus. Thus, the patient should be examined for the characteristic lacy white patterned and erosive lesions of the oral and genital mucosa to rule out lichen planus. This is fairly common, is seen almost exclusively in women over middle age, and is usually a manifestation of lichen planus or mucous membrane pemphigoid. Effective treatment of pruritus can prevent scratch-induced complications such as lichen simplex chronicus and impetigo. Dissecting cellulitis, lichen planopilaris, and folliculitis decalvans also may cause scarring alopecia. Vulvar symptoms may be caused by an underlying genital dermatological condition, such as dermatitis or lichen sclerosus The white buccal lesions of oral lichen planus may necessitate biopsy to exclude leukoplakia, candidiasis, and secondary syphilis. The differential diagnosis includes psoriasis, lichen simplex chronicus, prurigo nodularis, and lichen planus. But it may be associated with another inflammatory skin condition called lichen planus. Some authors have speculated that the trauma and increased infection related to sexual abuse may act as a trigger to developing lichen sclerosus, related to Koebnerisation, which is known to occur in this disease. The reported rates of association have differed widely, probably because of varying study design, oral versus cutaneous lichen planus and geography. Up to 70 percent of patients with lichen planus may have mucosal involvement. Patients with localized lichen planus are usually treated with potent topical steroids, while systemic steroids are used to treat patients with generalized lichen planus. However, there is very positive evidence that many oral lichen planus sufferers test as hypersensitive to mercury. Other causes of genital dermatitis, such as lichen planus, can cause similar symptoms. Signs and symptoms of oral lichen planus may last weeks to months and include a dry or sore mouth, a burning sensation or a metallic taste. They are totally benign, although occasional patients or physicians become concerned about them or misdiagnose them as, for example, thrush or lichen planus. The signs of oral lichen planus are white streaks on the cheeks and gums, which are usually painless and not itchy. Other rarely reported dermatoses include lichen simplex and impetigo. An example is a family of conditions called lichen simplex, lichen sclerosis, and lichen planus. Origin Early 17th century: via Latin from Greek leikhēn.
随便看	wantless want list want-louse want no more to do with want no truck with wanton wantoner wantoner want one's bread buttered on both sides want one's bread buttered on both sides wantoning wantonize wantonizing wantonly wantonly wantonness wantonness wantonnesses wanton with want out wantrivan wantrivven wants wants list want-to