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词汇 germ
释义

Definition of germ in English:

germ

noun dʒəːmdʒərm
  • 1A microorganism, especially one which causes disease.

    (尤指引起疾病的)微生物;病菌;细菌

    Example sentencesExamples
    • Some disease-causing germs travel through the air in particles considerably smaller than droplets.
    • Like many germs, the bacteria that cause botulism in infants are everywhere in the environment.
    • Deadly germs infect nearly 2 million of the nation's hospital patients and kill close to 100,000 every year.
    • The hands that treat patients and the instruments used to save lives could be spreading deadly germs.
    • Most chest infections are usually caused by germs such as bacteria or viruses.
    • The pit may act as the breeding ground of disease-causing germs and mosquitoes.
    • Therefore, agricultural, herding societies will carry deadlier germs than will hunter-gatherers or people that farm only plants.
    • I can't help feeling it harbours all kinds of nasty germs.
    • Resistant germs aren't killed by the usual antibiotics.
    • They discovered acupuncture before it was known that blood circulates, or that germs cause disease.
    • After TB germs enter the body, in most cases, the body's defences control the germs.
    • With a little prevention, you can keep harmful germs out of your child's way!
    • Food and water also can carry infectious germs, so be sure to wash fruits and vegetables thoroughly before eating.
    • If your child gets infected again, it's more likely to be with these resistant germs.
    • However, this doesn't kill bacteria and could in fact spread the invisible germs around kitchen surfaces.
    • If the TB germs become active, TB disease can develop.
    • But since pasteurisation kills not only germs but also useful bacteria, a culture is added to the milk in order to reintroduce all essential bacteria.
    • Over 40 different strains of the Legionella germ have now been discovered.
    • Clean bathroom surfaces also help prevent the spread of infectious germs.
    • Whatever he put on it to kill the germs made me hiss with discomfort.
    Synonyms
    microbe, microorganism, bacillus, bacterium, virus
    informal bug
  • 2A portion of an organism capable of developing into a new one or part of one.

    生殖细胞。比较GERM CELL

    Example sentencesExamples
    • These bodies are obviously organized, resembling in all points the germs of the lowest organisms, and diverse in size and structure.
    • Many multicellular organisms have a germ that is segregated early in the development.
    • A mesenchymal signal triggers an ectodermal cell to proliferate and the cells grow downward to form a hair germ.
    1. 2.1 The embryo in a cereal grain or other plant seed.
      芽孢;胚芽。比较WHEATGERM
      Example sentencesExamples
      • Thiamine is found in whole-grain cereals, bread, red meat, egg yolks, green leafy vegetables, legumes, sweet corn, brown rice, berries, yeast, the germ and husks of grains and nuts.
      • Whole grain foods are made with all three parts of the grain kernel - the fibre-rich outer bran layer, the middle endosperm and the inner germ.
      • After the husk is removed, the rice is milled to remove the bran and the germ or embryo.
      • The hulls and germ float to the surface and the kernels swell, doubling or even tripling in size, creating a different form of corn known as ‘hominy.’
      • It contains all parts of the grain - the bran, the outer husk and the germ.
      • All grains have a bark-like, protective hull beneath which are the endosperm, germ, and bran.
      • Whole-grain breads are far superior to whites that have been denuded of bran, endosperm and germ.
      • Parching destroys the germ so the seed will not sprout, hardens the kernel, and loosens the tight hull so it can be removed.
      • Originally, most ethanol was made through wet-milling, which means the starch is separated from the corn germ and fiber and liquefied by cooking.
      • It has three main parts: the germ, the endosperm and the bran.
      • It removes the bran and most of the germ, stripping the grain of its fiber and nutrients.
      • In the case of corn germ, 10 out of the 16 quality attributes substantially affect yield, with oil content appearing to play the biggest role in this case.
      • Damage occurs when beetles feed on the seed and destroy the germ, resulting in an uneven stand.
      • It has an outer casing, a starchy inner and a tiny germ or embryo.
      • At the tip there are sparse, fine hairs, and inside the base, where the seed is attached to the ear, is the embryo or germ, which will grow into a new plant if allowed to.
      • Then there is the seed germ which is 45-55% protein, used in confectionery and flour for the health food market, and also in specialised livestock diets.
      • This process destroys the germ and prevents the kernel from sprouting.
      • Then the corn is coarsely ground to break the germ loose from other kernel components.
      • The manufacturing process frees the germ from the soybean, using 400 pounds of soybean seed to yield one pound of soy germ.
      • Refined white flour is what's left after the nutrient-packed germ and bran are milled out of the wheat kernel.
      Synonyms
      embryo, bud, nucleus, seed, spore, egg, ovum
      technical ovule
    2. 2.2 An initial stage from which something may develop.
      起源,萌芽
      the germ of a brilliant idea

      光辉想法的萌芽。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • But it certainly appears to contain the germ of the principle of betterment, and it is clear that the principle is by no means a recent innovation.
      • Families often inherit a negative thinking style that carries the germ of depression.
      • The germ of an idea sprouted in his mind: maybe, instead of highlighting the drama of the story, the film should highlight the absurdity of it.
      • The germ of his falling-out with his beloved Wagner lay in his growing awareness of Wagner's personal ignobility and malevolence.
      • With the germ of an idea in mind, he boarded a plane to China in search of the products.
      • Children in such families are quick to be inoculated with the germ of duplicity.
      • But the germ of truth in it is that you don't get any more misinformation in two ID papers than in one: it's the same old same old.
      • The question contains a germ of truth, but it misses some essential features of the analysis.
      • The germ of divisiveness was planted many years ago way back in 1939, and unity of the movement has only come in fleetingly short spurts since then.
      • In his latest show, for example, he has developed the simple germ of an idea into a half-hour routine on his annoyance at having people to stay.
      • The germ of the idea slowly matured in Godfrey's mind.
      • It's not hard to see the germ of something useful in what on the surface appear to be self-defeating patterns of behavior.
      • Although accompanied some of the time by his posh, dull, white bread girlfriend, a germ of doubt grows in the mind of the audience.
      • The germs of these ideas, the roots of my own thought, are in Western philosophy and science rather than Oriental philosophy.
      • The germ of this is clear in the 17th century itself.
      • And the story endures because it contained a germ of truth about politics.
      • "There's a germ of a really good idea, " he says.
      • Here we see the germ of a practice which later on developed into the European feudal system.
      • The germ of democratic thought had insinuated itself.
      • Often the result is something they can use in their story, or that contains the germ of an idea or phrase that can drive the reporting and writing of a story in an exciting new direction.
      Synonyms
      start, beginning(s), commencement, starting point, genesis, inception, seed, embryo, bud, root, rudiment, origin, source, fountain, potential (for)
      core, nucleus, heart, kernel, nub, essence
      Latin fons et origo
      literary fountainhead, wellspring, fount

Derivatives

  • germy

  • adjectivegermier, germiest ˈdʒəːmiˈdʒərmi
    informal
    • Carrying germs; contaminated or infected.

      buttons of elevators are extremely germy
      Example sentencesExamples
      • Door handles and opening panels on doors are, in fact, more germy than floors, walls, and most other surfaces.
      • With her assistant's help, Sadlier started to clean everything germy in the office, from doorknobs to light switches.
      • I could take along knitting, but hospitals are probably dirty, germy places.

Origin

Late Middle English (in sense 2): via Old French from Latin germen 'seed, sprout'. sense 1 dates from the late 19th century.

  • This came via Old French from Latin germen ‘seed, sprout’. At first it meant a portion of an organism capable of developing into a new one or part of one. The sense ‘micro-organism’ dates from the late 19th century when it was first used vaguely to mean the ‘seed’ of a disease. Germinate (late 16th century) is from the same root.

Rhymes

affirm, berm, confirm, firm, herm, midterm, perm, sperm, squirm, term, therm, worm

Definition of germ in US English:

germ

noundʒərmjərm
  • 1A microorganism, especially one which causes disease.

    (尤指引起疾病的)微生物;病菌;细菌

    Example sentencesExamples
    • Food and water also can carry infectious germs, so be sure to wash fruits and vegetables thoroughly before eating.
    • Over 40 different strains of the Legionella germ have now been discovered.
    • Most chest infections are usually caused by germs such as bacteria or viruses.
    • However, this doesn't kill bacteria and could in fact spread the invisible germs around kitchen surfaces.
    • Clean bathroom surfaces also help prevent the spread of infectious germs.
    • Resistant germs aren't killed by the usual antibiotics.
    • The pit may act as the breeding ground of disease-causing germs and mosquitoes.
    • With a little prevention, you can keep harmful germs out of your child's way!
    • The hands that treat patients and the instruments used to save lives could be spreading deadly germs.
    • Whatever he put on it to kill the germs made me hiss with discomfort.
    • If the TB germs become active, TB disease can develop.
    • But since pasteurisation kills not only germs but also useful bacteria, a culture is added to the milk in order to reintroduce all essential bacteria.
    • Therefore, agricultural, herding societies will carry deadlier germs than will hunter-gatherers or people that farm only plants.
    • Deadly germs infect nearly 2 million of the nation's hospital patients and kill close to 100,000 every year.
    • Like many germs, the bacteria that cause botulism in infants are everywhere in the environment.
    • Some disease-causing germs travel through the air in particles considerably smaller than droplets.
    • If your child gets infected again, it's more likely to be with these resistant germs.
    • I can't help feeling it harbours all kinds of nasty germs.
    • They discovered acupuncture before it was known that blood circulates, or that germs cause disease.
    • After TB germs enter the body, in most cases, the body's defences control the germs.
    Synonyms
    microbe, microorganism, bacillus, bacterium, virus
  • 2A portion of an organism capable of developing into a new one or part of one.

    生殖细胞。比较GERM CELL

    Compare with germ cell
    Example sentencesExamples
    • Many multicellular organisms have a germ that is segregated early in the development.
    • A mesenchymal signal triggers an ectodermal cell to proliferate and the cells grow downward to form a hair germ.
    • These bodies are obviously organized, resembling in all points the germs of the lowest organisms, and diverse in size and structure.
    1. 2.1 The embryo in a cereal grain or other plant seed.
      芽孢;胚芽。比较WHEATGERM
      Compare with wheat germ
      Example sentencesExamples
      • The hulls and germ float to the surface and the kernels swell, doubling or even tripling in size, creating a different form of corn known as ‘hominy.’
      • It removes the bran and most of the germ, stripping the grain of its fiber and nutrients.
      • After the husk is removed, the rice is milled to remove the bran and the germ or embryo.
      • Damage occurs when beetles feed on the seed and destroy the germ, resulting in an uneven stand.
      • Then the corn is coarsely ground to break the germ loose from other kernel components.
      • This process destroys the germ and prevents the kernel from sprouting.
      • Whole-grain breads are far superior to whites that have been denuded of bran, endosperm and germ.
      • Originally, most ethanol was made through wet-milling, which means the starch is separated from the corn germ and fiber and liquefied by cooking.
      • Parching destroys the germ so the seed will not sprout, hardens the kernel, and loosens the tight hull so it can be removed.
      • The manufacturing process frees the germ from the soybean, using 400 pounds of soybean seed to yield one pound of soy germ.
      • Refined white flour is what's left after the nutrient-packed germ and bran are milled out of the wheat kernel.
      • It contains all parts of the grain - the bran, the outer husk and the germ.
      • It has an outer casing, a starchy inner and a tiny germ or embryo.
      • Whole grain foods are made with all three parts of the grain kernel - the fibre-rich outer bran layer, the middle endosperm and the inner germ.
      • It has three main parts: the germ, the endosperm and the bran.
      • At the tip there are sparse, fine hairs, and inside the base, where the seed is attached to the ear, is the embryo or germ, which will grow into a new plant if allowed to.
      • All grains have a bark-like, protective hull beneath which are the endosperm, germ, and bran.
      • Then there is the seed germ which is 45-55% protein, used in confectionery and flour for the health food market, and also in specialised livestock diets.
      • In the case of corn germ, 10 out of the 16 quality attributes substantially affect yield, with oil content appearing to play the biggest role in this case.
      • Thiamine is found in whole-grain cereals, bread, red meat, egg yolks, green leafy vegetables, legumes, sweet corn, brown rice, berries, yeast, the germ and husks of grains and nuts.
      Synonyms
      embryo, bud, nucleus, seed, spore, egg, ovum
    2. 2.2 An initial stage from which something may develop.
      起源,萌芽
      the germ of a brilliant idea

      光辉想法的萌芽。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • The germ of democratic thought had insinuated itself.
      • And the story endures because it contained a germ of truth about politics.
      • Although accompanied some of the time by his posh, dull, white bread girlfriend, a germ of doubt grows in the mind of the audience.
      • The question contains a germ of truth, but it misses some essential features of the analysis.
      • With the germ of an idea in mind, he boarded a plane to China in search of the products.
      • The germ of divisiveness was planted many years ago way back in 1939, and unity of the movement has only come in fleetingly short spurts since then.
      • The germ of this is clear in the 17th century itself.
      • It's not hard to see the germ of something useful in what on the surface appear to be self-defeating patterns of behavior.
      • But it certainly appears to contain the germ of the principle of betterment, and it is clear that the principle is by no means a recent innovation.
      • Often the result is something they can use in their story, or that contains the germ of an idea or phrase that can drive the reporting and writing of a story in an exciting new direction.
      • Here we see the germ of a practice which later on developed into the European feudal system.
      • Families often inherit a negative thinking style that carries the germ of depression.
      • The germ of an idea sprouted in his mind: maybe, instead of highlighting the drama of the story, the film should highlight the absurdity of it.
      • The germs of these ideas, the roots of my own thought, are in Western philosophy and science rather than Oriental philosophy.
      • But the germ of truth in it is that you don't get any more misinformation in two ID papers than in one: it's the same old same old.
      • In his latest show, for example, he has developed the simple germ of an idea into a half-hour routine on his annoyance at having people to stay.
      • The germ of the idea slowly matured in Godfrey's mind.
      • The germ of his falling-out with his beloved Wagner lay in his growing awareness of Wagner's personal ignobility and malevolence.
      • Children in such families are quick to be inoculated with the germ of duplicity.
      • "There's a germ of a really good idea, " he says.
      Synonyms
      start, beginning, beginnings, commencement, starting point, genesis, inception, seed, embryo, bud, root, rudiment, origin, source, fountain, potential, potential for

Origin

Late Middle English (in germ (sense 2)): via Old French from Latin germen ‘seed, sprout’. germ (sense 1) dates from the late 19th century.

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