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词汇 glycoside
释义

Definition of glycoside in English:

glycoside

nounˈɡlʌɪkə(ʊ)sʌɪdˈɡlaɪkəˌsaɪd
Biochemistry
  • A compound formed from a simple sugar and another compound by replacement of a hydroxyl group in the sugar molecule. Many drugs and poisons derived from plants are glycosides.

    〔生化〕糖苷

    Example sentencesExamples
    • Flavonoid glycosides were also distributed in the other mesophyll tissues, although to a considerably lower extent, in agreement with other reports.
    • Beta-sitosterol is the major phytosterol in higher plants along with its glycoside, beta-sitosterolin.
    • Covalent bonds between the anomeric hydroxyl of a cyclic sugar and the hydroxyl of a second sugar (or another alcohol containing compound) are termed glycosidic bonds, and the resultant molecules are glycosides.
    • The sweet flavor usually indicates the presence of carbohydrates, proteins, various sugars and glycosides.
    • Aloe emodin is found both free and as a glycoside in plants having increasing commercial importance, including aloe and senna.

Derivatives

  • glycosidic

  • adjectiveɡlʌɪkə(ʊ)ˈsɪdɪkˌɡlaɪkoʊˈsɪdɪk
    Biochemistry
    • Similarly, large deforming forces are expected to act on the pyranose ring and the glycosidic linkage during various enzymatic processes.
      Example sentencesExamples
      • Conformational differences between polysaccharides are usually located in the glycosidic linkages of the backbone.
      • These conformational changes increase the separation of the glycosidic oxygen atoms and therefore are favored in polysaccharide chains subjected to mechanical stretching.
      • The linkage of two monosaccharides to form disaccharides involves a glycosidic bond.
      • The enzymes catalyzing the initial step are glycosylases, which cleave the glycosidic bond between the base and its deoxyribose.

Origin

Late 19th century: from glyco- 'relating to sugar', on the pattern of glucoside.

Definition of glycoside in US English:

glycoside

nounˈɡlaɪkəˌsaɪdˈɡlīkəˌsīd
Biochemistry
  • A compound formed from a simple sugar and another compound by replacement of a hydroxyl group in the sugar molecule. Many drugs and poisons derived from plants are glycosides.

    〔生化〕糖苷

    Example sentencesExamples
    • Covalent bonds between the anomeric hydroxyl of a cyclic sugar and the hydroxyl of a second sugar (or another alcohol containing compound) are termed glycosidic bonds, and the resultant molecules are glycosides.
    • Aloe emodin is found both free and as a glycoside in plants having increasing commercial importance, including aloe and senna.
    • Flavonoid glycosides were also distributed in the other mesophyll tissues, although to a considerably lower extent, in agreement with other reports.
    • The sweet flavor usually indicates the presence of carbohydrates, proteins, various sugars and glycosides.
    • Beta-sitosterol is the major phytosterol in higher plants along with its glycoside, beta-sitosterolin.

Origin

Late 19th century: from glyco- ‘relating to sugar’, on the pattern of glucoside.

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