Definition of shaft in English:

shaft

noun ʃɑːftʃæft

1A long, narrow part or section forming the handle of a tool or club, the body of a spear or arrow, or similar.
（工具或棍棒的）柄，把手；箭杆；矛杆
the shaft of a golf club
高尔夫球棒的柄。
the shaft of a feather
羽毛的干。
Example sentencesExamples
- The forging process and the hieretics on the shaft of the staff pointed to high craftsmenship years ahead of the Egyptians.
- It came apart with a click and a spark of electricity, the long shaft separating from the body.
- Small worked flint blades known as microliths were perhaps the barbs of spears and harpoons with wooden shafts.
- Maintaining a good posture, rotate the upper body to the right so that the shaft of the club is in front of you.
- The sun was partially blocked by the shafts of the arrows which had soared across the sky.
- She cringed as her black blood ran down the shaft of the spear.
- They took their spear by the shaft, and made it lean on the knee.
- This type is characterized by a square cross section and an offset shaft that served to seat the awl in a bone or antler handle.
- It had a long shaft like a spear, but was more of a polearm than a thrusting weapon.
- The shaft of long handled tools should be a light wood, such as ash, and should be unpainted and free of knots.
- Move down the shaft of each section of hair and continue tying knots from the root of your hair to about 2 inches from the ends.
- We heard the rhythmic pounding as the spear points were hammered onto shafts of ash wood.
- A slip of paper was tied around the shaft of the arrow.
- The individual strings seem to hang from central shafts, each string as long as the shaft from the point it attaches.
- They may have a short shaft or a blade at each end.
- He shook the handle, causing the shaft to snap into place, and pulled the lever back until it clicked, and released it.
- He found her fondling the shaft of her spear, a few steps away.
- He snapped two fists around the shaft of his halberd.
- The shaft of the cutting tool fits into a collet, which in turn fits into the chuck sleeve.
- The first volley rang out as the sky further darkened by the shafts of thousands of arrows and bolts.
Synonyms
pole, stick, rod, staff, shank, upright
handle, hilt, butt, stock, stem
historical pikestaff, thill
rare helve
quill
technical rachis
1. 1.1 An arrow or spear.
  箭；矛
  Example sentencesExamples
  Her heart soared with the swift flash of the shaft as it flew from the bow.
2. 1.2 A column, especially the main part between the base and capital.
  柱（尤指柱头和柱基间的主要部分）
  Example sentencesExamples
  There, although little had been reported by earlier scholars, we recorded Byzantine sculpture, an inscribed Byzantine tombstone, and several column shafts and capitals.
  There were marble craters (mixing bowls) and candelabra, statuary, busts, reliefs, column capitals and bases, and 60 to 70 marble column shafts.
  The freestanding column shafts are wrapped in black glazed tiles and the bases have a mosaic finish.
  This cross, one of five contracted to John of Battle, is an octagonal pier in three tiers on a stepped base; the shaft at its top was installed in a restoration of 1840.
  After all, the column, with its capital, shaft, and base, is designed after the human figure.
  Synonyms
  column, post, pole, support, upright, vertical, baluster, pier, pile, piling, pilaster, stanchion, standard, prop, buttress
3. 1.3 A long cylindrical rotating rod for the transmission of motive power in a machine.
  （机器的）轴
  Example sentencesExamples
  The spindle shaft rests between the maiden in the front and leather bearings attached to the flat board in the back.
  The crank shaft turned the paddle shaft, which ultimately turned the paddle wheel.
  As far as that goes I am willing to believe what I am told: that escalators are big, complicated machines packed into tight shafts and there aren't many hours when you can work on them.
  The Compaction Detector is a soil penetrometer cone and shaft pushed by a hydraulic cylinder, rather than by hand, into the ground.
  In 1782, Watt developed a rotary engine that could turn a shaft and drive machinery to power the machines to spin and weave cotton cloth.
  These assemblies consist of a cylindrical shaft supported at either end by a support bearing.
  It is even more silent than the four-wheel drive versions, as there is much less mechanical noise from beneath the floor, due to the absence of propellor shaft and rear axle.
  Figure 4 shows the digital and analog controller responses to a mechanical impulse on the shaft.
  The first things to go in were the engines, a job that required a lot of measuring and development of a gear train to match their output to the belts and shafts that drove the looms.
  The gearbox gets over both problems by being two half-gearboxes in one case, with two clutches and two transmission shafts, one inside the other.
  The water wheel axle shaft still turned and made a squeaky noise but Don could hear the footsteps of someone on the floor above him.
  Before the decade's end, it was discovered that an individual motor for each machine was more efficient and a lot safer than line shafts.
  The cams are mounted on a shaft which oscillates in rotation, and the pistons move so as to follow the profile of the cam.
  Blades up to 3 1/2 inches wide could be carried and both wheel shafts now ran in sell-aligning ball bearings.
  This resistance could be reduced if the fixed shafts of the rollers were rotated as they moved.
  The rheostat shafts are essentially cylinders with a flat face cut down one side.
  The valves and gear shafts in his mind spun faster and faster, spark plugs flickering with anticipation.
  The hub motor's shaft is stationary and the outer casing spins, turning the rim and tire to which it is spoked.
  The feed was controlled by a hand lever at the top of the gear box and driven by belt, gears and universal shaft, giving a positive feed.
  It has an area of 280 square metres and is complete with waterwheel, gears and shafts, millstones and fans and sieves for the processing of grain.
4. 1.4 Each of the pair of poles between which a horse is harnessed to a vehicle.
  辕杆
  the shafts of a horse-drawn wagon
2A ray of light or bolt of lightning.
（光、闪电等的）一道，一束
a shaft of sunlight
一缕阳光。
Example sentencesExamples
- She focussed on the relaxing qualities of that beautiful shaft of silver moonlight.
- He hurled it into the chest of the monster and the trident transformed itself into a shaft of lightning, exploding into the beast.
- There was a shaft of light that I followed into the room.
- In an annual commemorative ritual tied to sun and sky, a shaft of light will illuminate the void between the time of the first and second attacks.
- So the building is metaphorically pinned to its place with a shaft of light from the sky that illuminates the whole labyrinth of knowledge.
- Watch the camera slowly track down a dark hallway toward a shaft of light from a crack in a door.
- She departed the command center and stepped into a shaft of white light in the atrium outside.
- Dust specks drift through a shaft of light in Grand Central Station.
- A woman in a red skirt is caught in a shaft of white light and appears to be dragging a heavy shadow behind her.
- But as I approached the area where I could see a shaft of light, I stopped.
- I imagined that he was standing in a shaft of white light, though he was only a shadow within that light.
- The skies cracked as a shaft of lightning, unleashed with the power of electrical fury, uncannily sped towards his still form on the ground.
- Illuminated by a shaft of light from the ceiling, the altar glowed with brimming power, standing immaculate in the centre of the hall.
- In a shaft of light from the salon his smile looked almost evil.
- It was one of those special moments when you get a shaft of light, when something which you thought you couldn't know emerges, and you suddenly see what was going on.
- As the music subsides they are both bathed in red light before a shaft of white light signifies the flight of their spirits to eternity.
- The curtains were open and moonlight streamed through the windows, a shaft of light landing on the pillow.
- Chris trembled as a shaft of the black light touched her skin.
- The coming of the dawn sent a shaft of light right across Adam's face.
- A shaft of light moved across my eyes, rousing me from deep slumber.
Synonyms
ray, beam, gleam, streak, pencil, finger, bar
literary lance
1. 2.1 A sudden flash of a quality or feeling.
  （品质或情感的）突然闪现
  a shaft of inspiration
  灵感突现。
  Example sentencesExamples
  Claire checked herself immediately when an almost jealous shaft of emotion went through her.
  At that a sudden shaft of fear struck through her abdomen, and she was tempted to retch or scream.
  Almost immediately she tripped and fell over, hitting the ground heavily, the impact forcing the breath from her body and sending a shaft of agony through her belly.
  It shook him to the core with a ghostly shaft of fear impaling his quivering heart.
  Synonyms
  frisson, shiver, spasm, thrill, tingle, stab, dart
2. 2.2 A remark intended to be witty, wounding, or provoking.
  风凉话；挖苦话；刺激的话
  he directs his shafts against her
  他的挖苦话都是冲着她的。
  Synonyms
  cutting remark, barb, gibe, taunt, sting
  informal dig
3A long, narrow, typically vertical hole that gives access to a mine, accommodates a lift in a building, or provides ventilation.
矿井；电梯井；通风井
Example sentencesExamples
- The shaft was merely a hole in the ground and the mining equipment was generally specialised and not readily moved.
- For example, we were required to provide straight vertical shafts for plumbing, running from the ground to the highest unit.
- By this time the mine had three shafts, many large stopes and hundreds of metres of drives.
- They got down to the end of the corridor to the hole in the door leading to the lift shaft.
- ‘I've looked around this room and it appears there are no ventilation shafts,’ said Jonathan.
- Another precipitous passage comes to a landing with vertical shafts disappearing into the ceiling.
- I need that area to be completely airtight, including partitions and ventilation shafts.
- Then, gas entered the ship through the ventilation shafts, and she lost consciousness.
- Athena kneeled down and lifted up what appeared to be only a ventilation shaft, but was in fact an access panel.
- As many as six shafts were sunk to mine the silver ore.
- At first I thought it was a holo-fall, but then saw it was just silvery linen, blowing this way and that from two ventilation shafts.
- With the help of the schematics he had obtained earlier, he managed to shut off the security system and enter through a ventilation shaft - an air duct.
- It was about the same size as the ventilation shafts at the school I rescued hostages from as my first mission, except it was round, not square.
- There are no doors, no windows, no pipes, no ventilation shafts.
- The original stair hall, with an inserted glass lift shaft, provides the circulation linkage between the new and original pools.
- Newspapers lift up the vertical shaft of the alley like small printed angels.
- Coal was the fuel that fired the Industrial Revolution, coal was found in coal mines, and cages were needed to transport men and supplies up and down the shafts of these mines.
- They mine diamonds in a shaft, the entrance to which is inside their house.
- Then, add to the atrium a luminous white skin of glazed bricks and a series of feature elements - balconies, stairs and stripped down lift shafts - and you very nearly have a new building.
- The other team crashed down through the ceiling, having climbed along the ventilation shafts, right down on top of the African Hardwood conference desk.
Synonyms
mineshaft, tunnel, passage, pit, adit, downcast, upcast
borehole, bore
duct, air shaft, well, light well, flue, vent
rare winze
4vulgar slang A man's penis.
〈粗俚〉阴茎
1. 4.1the shaftNorth American informal Harsh or unfair treatment.
  〈北美，非正式〉苛刻；怠慢；不公平待遇
  the executives continue to raise their pay while the workers get the shaft
  主管们不断增加工资，对工人却很苛刻。

verb ʃɑːftʃæft

1no object, with adverbial of direction (of light) shine in beams.
（光成束地）照射
brilliant sunshine shafted through the skylight
一束灿烂的阳光透过天窗照进来。
Example sentencesExamples
- Light shafted out of the box like the fall of a sword - a bright, white, ruthless light.
- The bright purple and red colors from the sunset shafted through the hundreds of small square panes in the windows, and dropped onto the cracked asphalt, which was growing gnarled and full of weeds.
- A small light shafted from a hole in the ceiling, which actually was a road above.
2vulgar slang with object (of a man) have sexual intercourse with (a woman).
〈粗俚〉（男子）与（女子）性交
1. 2.1informal Treat (someone) harshly or unfairly.
  〈非正式〉苛刻对待；不公正对待
  I suppose she'll get a lawyer and I'll be shafted
  我想她会找律师，我则会挨整。

Derivatives

shafted

adjective

in combination a long-shafted harpoon
长柄鱼叉。

Origin

Old English scæft, sceaft 'handle, pole', of Germanic origin; related to Dutch schaft, German Schaft, and perhaps also to sceptre. Early senses of the verb (late Middle English) were 'fit with a handle' and 'send out shafts of light'.

Rhymes

abaft, aft, craft, daft, draft, draught, engraft, graft, haft, kraft, raft, understaffed, unstaffed, waft

Definition of shaft in US English:

shaft

nounSHaftʃæft

1A long, narrow part or section forming the handle of a tool or club, the body of a spear or arrow, or a similar implement.
（工具或棍棒的）柄，把手；箭杆；矛杆
the shaft of a golf club
高尔夫球棒的柄。
the shaft of a feather
羽毛的干。
Example sentencesExamples
- The shaft of the cutting tool fits into a collet, which in turn fits into the chuck sleeve.
- It had a long shaft like a spear, but was more of a polearm than a thrusting weapon.
- The shaft of long handled tools should be a light wood, such as ash, and should be unpainted and free of knots.
- Move down the shaft of each section of hair and continue tying knots from the root of your hair to about 2 inches from the ends.
- He snapped two fists around the shaft of his halberd.
- The individual strings seem to hang from central shafts, each string as long as the shaft from the point it attaches.
- They may have a short shaft or a blade at each end.
- The forging process and the hieretics on the shaft of the staff pointed to high craftsmenship years ahead of the Egyptians.
- He shook the handle, causing the shaft to snap into place, and pulled the lever back until it clicked, and released it.
- A slip of paper was tied around the shaft of the arrow.
- He found her fondling the shaft of her spear, a few steps away.
- The first volley rang out as the sky further darkened by the shafts of thousands of arrows and bolts.
- We heard the rhythmic pounding as the spear points were hammered onto shafts of ash wood.
- Small worked flint blades known as microliths were perhaps the barbs of spears and harpoons with wooden shafts.
- She cringed as her black blood ran down the shaft of the spear.
- It came apart with a click and a spark of electricity, the long shaft separating from the body.
- They took their spear by the shaft, and made it lean on the knee.
- The sun was partially blocked by the shafts of the arrows which had soared across the sky.
- Maintaining a good posture, rotate the upper body to the right so that the shaft of the club is in front of you.
- This type is characterized by a square cross section and an offset shaft that served to seat the awl in a bone or antler handle.
Synonyms
pole, stick, rod, staff, shank, upright
quill
1. 1.1 An arrow or spear.
  箭；矛
  Example sentencesExamples
  Her heart soared with the swift flash of the shaft as it flew from the bow.
2. 1.2 A column, especially the main part between the base and capital.
  柱（尤指柱头和柱基间的主要部分）
  Example sentencesExamples
  There, although little had been reported by earlier scholars, we recorded Byzantine sculpture, an inscribed Byzantine tombstone, and several column shafts and capitals.
  After all, the column, with its capital, shaft, and base, is designed after the human figure.
  The freestanding column shafts are wrapped in black glazed tiles and the bases have a mosaic finish.
  This cross, one of five contracted to John of Battle, is an octagonal pier in three tiers on a stepped base; the shaft at its top was installed in a restoration of 1840.
  There were marble craters (mixing bowls) and candelabra, statuary, busts, reliefs, column capitals and bases, and 60 to 70 marble column shafts.
  Synonyms
  column, post, pole, support, upright, vertical, baluster, pier, pile, piling, pilaster, stanchion, standard, prop, buttress
3. 1.3 The part of a boot that covers the leg.
  cowboy boots have a high shaft which almost reaches the top of the calf
4. 1.4 A long cylindrical rotating rod for the transmission of motive power in a machine.
  （机器的）轴
  Example sentencesExamples
  The Compaction Detector is a soil penetrometer cone and shaft pushed by a hydraulic cylinder, rather than by hand, into the ground.
  The feed was controlled by a hand lever at the top of the gear box and driven by belt, gears and universal shaft, giving a positive feed.
  The valves and gear shafts in his mind spun faster and faster, spark plugs flickering with anticipation.
  As far as that goes I am willing to believe what I am told: that escalators are big, complicated machines packed into tight shafts and there aren't many hours when you can work on them.
  The hub motor's shaft is stationary and the outer casing spins, turning the rim and tire to which it is spoked.
  This resistance could be reduced if the fixed shafts of the rollers were rotated as they moved.
  The first things to go in were the engines, a job that required a lot of measuring and development of a gear train to match their output to the belts and shafts that drove the looms.
  Blades up to 3 1/2 inches wide could be carried and both wheel shafts now ran in sell-aligning ball bearings.
  It is even more silent than the four-wheel drive versions, as there is much less mechanical noise from beneath the floor, due to the absence of propellor shaft and rear axle.
  Figure 4 shows the digital and analog controller responses to a mechanical impulse on the shaft.
  The cams are mounted on a shaft which oscillates in rotation, and the pistons move so as to follow the profile of the cam.
  The crank shaft turned the paddle shaft, which ultimately turned the paddle wheel.
  It has an area of 280 square metres and is complete with waterwheel, gears and shafts, millstones and fans and sieves for the processing of grain.
  The water wheel axle shaft still turned and made a squeaky noise but Don could hear the footsteps of someone on the floor above him.
  The spindle shaft rests between the maiden in the front and leather bearings attached to the flat board in the back.
  The rheostat shafts are essentially cylinders with a flat face cut down one side.
  In 1782, Watt developed a rotary engine that could turn a shaft and drive machinery to power the machines to spin and weave cotton cloth.
  The gearbox gets over both problems by being two half-gearboxes in one case, with two clutches and two transmission shafts, one inside the other.
  These assemblies consist of a cylindrical shaft supported at either end by a support bearing.
  Before the decade's end, it was discovered that an individual motor for each machine was more efficient and a lot safer than line shafts.
5. 1.5 Each of the pair of poles between which a horse is harnessed to a vehicle.
  辕杆
2A ray of light or bolt of lightning.
（光、闪电等的）一道，一束
a shaft of sunlight
一缕阳光。
Example sentencesExamples
- The coming of the dawn sent a shaft of light right across Adam's face.
- Chris trembled as a shaft of the black light touched her skin.
- A woman in a red skirt is caught in a shaft of white light and appears to be dragging a heavy shadow behind her.
- She departed the command center and stepped into a shaft of white light in the atrium outside.
- It was one of those special moments when you get a shaft of light, when something which you thought you couldn't know emerges, and you suddenly see what was going on.
- In an annual commemorative ritual tied to sun and sky, a shaft of light will illuminate the void between the time of the first and second attacks.
- A shaft of light moved across my eyes, rousing me from deep slumber.
- Dust specks drift through a shaft of light in Grand Central Station.
- As the music subsides they are both bathed in red light before a shaft of white light signifies the flight of their spirits to eternity.
- He hurled it into the chest of the monster and the trident transformed itself into a shaft of lightning, exploding into the beast.
- I imagined that he was standing in a shaft of white light, though he was only a shadow within that light.
- The skies cracked as a shaft of lightning, unleashed with the power of electrical fury, uncannily sped towards his still form on the ground.
- But as I approached the area where I could see a shaft of light, I stopped.
- She focussed on the relaxing qualities of that beautiful shaft of silver moonlight.
- The curtains were open and moonlight streamed through the windows, a shaft of light landing on the pillow.
- Watch the camera slowly track down a dark hallway toward a shaft of light from a crack in a door.
- So the building is metaphorically pinned to its place with a shaft of light from the sky that illuminates the whole labyrinth of knowledge.
- There was a shaft of light that I followed into the room.
- Illuminated by a shaft of light from the ceiling, the altar glowed with brimming power, standing immaculate in the centre of the hall.
- In a shaft of light from the salon his smile looked almost evil.
Synonyms
ray, beam, gleam, streak, pencil, finger, bar
1. 2.1 A sudden flash of a quality or feeling.
  （品质或情感的）突然闪现
  a shaft of inspiration
  灵感突现。
  Example sentencesExamples
  Almost immediately she tripped and fell over, hitting the ground heavily, the impact forcing the breath from her body and sending a shaft of agony through her belly.
  At that a sudden shaft of fear struck through her abdomen, and she was tempted to retch or scream.
  Claire checked herself immediately when an almost jealous shaft of emotion went through her.
  It shook him to the core with a ghostly shaft of fear impaling his quivering heart.
  Synonyms
  frisson, shiver, spasm, thrill, tingle, stab, dart
2. 2.2 A remark intended to be witty, wounding, or provoking.
  风凉话；挖苦话；刺激的话
  he directs his shafts against her
  他的挖苦话都是冲着她的。
  Synonyms
  cutting remark, barb, gibe, taunt, sting
3A long, narrow, typically vertical hole that gives access to a mine, accommodates an elevator in a building, or provides ventilation.
矿井；电梯井；通风井
Example sentencesExamples
- There are no doors, no windows, no pipes, no ventilation shafts.
- Another precipitous passage comes to a landing with vertical shafts disappearing into the ceiling.
- Newspapers lift up the vertical shaft of the alley like small printed angels.
- The original stair hall, with an inserted glass lift shaft, provides the circulation linkage between the new and original pools.
- They mine diamonds in a shaft, the entrance to which is inside their house.
- It was about the same size as the ventilation shafts at the school I rescued hostages from as my first mission, except it was round, not square.
- With the help of the schematics he had obtained earlier, he managed to shut off the security system and enter through a ventilation shaft - an air duct.
- Coal was the fuel that fired the Industrial Revolution, coal was found in coal mines, and cages were needed to transport men and supplies up and down the shafts of these mines.
- By this time the mine had three shafts, many large stopes and hundreds of metres of drives.
- Then, add to the atrium a luminous white skin of glazed bricks and a series of feature elements - balconies, stairs and stripped down lift shafts - and you very nearly have a new building.
- For example, we were required to provide straight vertical shafts for plumbing, running from the ground to the highest unit.
- The shaft was merely a hole in the ground and the mining equipment was generally specialised and not readily moved.
- At first I thought it was a holo-fall, but then saw it was just silvery linen, blowing this way and that from two ventilation shafts.
- Athena kneeled down and lifted up what appeared to be only a ventilation shaft, but was in fact an access panel.
- ‘I've looked around this room and it appears there are no ventilation shafts,’ said Jonathan.
- I need that area to be completely airtight, including partitions and ventilation shafts.
- They got down to the end of the corridor to the hole in the door leading to the lift shaft.
- Then, gas entered the ship through the ventilation shafts, and she lost consciousness.
- As many as six shafts were sunk to mine the silver ore.
- The other team crashed down through the ceiling, having climbed along the ventilation shafts, right down on top of the African Hardwood conference desk.
Synonyms
mineshaft, tunnel, passage, pit, adit, downcast, upcast
4vulgar slang A penis.
〈粗俚〉阴茎
1. 4.1the shaftNorth American informal Harsh or unfair treatment.
  〈北美，非正式〉苛刻；怠慢；不公平待遇
  the executives continue to raise their pay while the workers get the shaft
  主管们不断增加工资，对工人却很苛刻。

verbSHaftʃæft

1no object, with adverbial of direction (of light) shine in beams.
（光成束地）照射
brilliant sunshine shafted through the skylight
一束灿烂的阳光透过天窗照进来。
Example sentencesExamples
- Light shafted out of the box like the fall of a sword - a bright, white, ruthless light.
- The bright purple and red colors from the sunset shafted through the hundreds of small square panes in the windows, and dropped onto the cracked asphalt, which was growing gnarled and full of weeds.
- A small light shafted from a hole in the ceiling, which actually was a road above.
2vulgar slang with object (of a man) have sexual intercourse with (a woman).
〈粗俚〉（男子）与（女子）性交
1. 2.1informal Treat (someone) harshly or unfairly.
  〈非正式〉苛刻对待；不公正对待
  I suppose she'll get a lawyer and I'll be shafted
  我想她会找律师，我则会挨整。

Origin

Old English scæft, sceaft ‘handle, pole’, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch schaft, German Schaft, and perhaps also to scepter. Early senses of the verb ( late Middle English) were ‘fit with a handle’ and ‘send out shafts of light’.

词汇	shaft
释义	Definition of shaft in English: shaft noun ʃɑːftʃæft 1A long, narrow part or section forming the handle of a tool or club, the body of a spear or arrow, or similar. （工具或棍棒的）柄，把手；箭杆；矛杆 the shaft of a golf club 高尔夫球棒的柄。 the shaft of a feather 羽毛的干。 Example sentencesExamples The forging process and the hieretics on the shaft of the staff pointed to high craftsmenship years ahead of the Egyptians. It came apart with a click and a spark of electricity, the long shaft separating from the body. Small worked flint blades known as microliths were perhaps the barbs of spears and harpoons with wooden shafts. Maintaining a good posture, rotate the upper body to the right so that the shaft of the club is in front of you. The sun was partially blocked by the shafts of the arrows which had soared across the sky. She cringed as her black blood ran down the shaft of the spear. They took their spear by the shaft, and made it lean on the knee. This type is characterized by a square cross section and an offset shaft that served to seat the awl in a bone or antler handle. It had a long shaft like a spear, but was more of a polearm than a thrusting weapon. The shaft of long handled tools should be a light wood, such as ash, and should be unpainted and free of knots. Move down the shaft of each section of hair and continue tying knots from the root of your hair to about 2 inches from the ends. We heard the rhythmic pounding as the spear points were hammered onto shafts of ash wood. A slip of paper was tied around the shaft of the arrow. The individual strings seem to hang from central shafts, each string as long as the shaft from the point it attaches. They may have a short shaft or a blade at each end. He shook the handle, causing the shaft to snap into place, and pulled the lever back until it clicked, and released it. He found her fondling the shaft of her spear, a few steps away. He snapped two fists around the shaft of his halberd. The shaft of the cutting tool fits into a collet, which in turn fits into the chuck sleeve. The first volley rang out as the sky further darkened by the shafts of thousands of arrows and bolts. Synonyms pole, stick, rod, staff, shank, upright handle, hilt, butt, stock, stem historical pikestaff, thill rare helve quill technical rachis 1.1 An arrow or spear. 箭；矛 Example sentencesExamples Her heart soared with the swift flash of the shaft as it flew from the bow. 1.2 A column, especially the main part between the base and capital. 柱（尤指柱头和柱基间的主要部分） Example sentencesExamples There, although little had been reported by earlier scholars, we recorded Byzantine sculpture, an inscribed Byzantine tombstone, and several column shafts and capitals. There were marble craters (mixing bowls) and candelabra, statuary, busts, reliefs, column capitals and bases, and 60 to 70 marble column shafts. The freestanding column shafts are wrapped in black glazed tiles and the bases have a mosaic finish. This cross, one of five contracted to John of Battle, is an octagonal pier in three tiers on a stepped base; the shaft at its top was installed in a restoration of 1840. After all, the column, with its capital, shaft, and base, is designed after the human figure. Synonyms column, post, pole, support, upright, vertical, baluster, pier, pile, piling, pilaster, stanchion, standard, prop, buttress 1.3 A long cylindrical rotating rod for the transmission of motive power in a machine. （机器的）轴 Example sentencesExamples The spindle shaft rests between the maiden in the front and leather bearings attached to the flat board in the back. The crank shaft turned the paddle shaft, which ultimately turned the paddle wheel. As far as that goes I am willing to believe what I am told: that escalators are big, complicated machines packed into tight shafts and there aren't many hours when you can work on them. The Compaction Detector is a soil penetrometer cone and shaft pushed by a hydraulic cylinder, rather than by hand, into the ground. In 1782, Watt developed a rotary engine that could turn a shaft and drive machinery to power the machines to spin and weave cotton cloth. These assemblies consist of a cylindrical shaft supported at either end by a support bearing. It is even more silent than the four-wheel drive versions, as there is much less mechanical noise from beneath the floor, due to the absence of propellor shaft and rear axle. Figure 4 shows the digital and analog controller responses to a mechanical impulse on the shaft. The first things to go in were the engines, a job that required a lot of measuring and development of a gear train to match their output to the belts and shafts that drove the looms. The gearbox gets over both problems by being two half-gearboxes in one case, with two clutches and two transmission shafts, one inside the other. The water wheel axle shaft still turned and made a squeaky noise but Don could hear the footsteps of someone on the floor above him. Before the decade's end, it was discovered that an individual motor for each machine was more efficient and a lot safer than line shafts. The cams are mounted on a shaft which oscillates in rotation, and the pistons move so as to follow the profile of the cam. Blades up to 3 1/2 inches wide could be carried and both wheel shafts now ran in sell-aligning ball bearings. This resistance could be reduced if the fixed shafts of the rollers were rotated as they moved. The rheostat shafts are essentially cylinders with a flat face cut down one side. The valves and gear shafts in his mind spun faster and faster, spark plugs flickering with anticipation. The hub motor's shaft is stationary and the outer casing spins, turning the rim and tire to which it is spoked. The feed was controlled by a hand lever at the top of the gear box and driven by belt, gears and universal shaft, giving a positive feed. It has an area of 280 square metres and is complete with waterwheel, gears and shafts, millstones and fans and sieves for the processing of grain. 1.4 Each of the pair of poles between which a horse is harnessed to a vehicle. 辕杆 the shafts of a horse-drawn wagon 2A ray of light or bolt of lightning. （光、闪电等的）一道，一束 a shaft of sunlight 一缕阳光。 Example sentencesExamples She focussed on the relaxing qualities of that beautiful shaft of silver moonlight. He hurled it into the chest of the monster and the trident transformed itself into a shaft of lightning, exploding into the beast. There was a shaft of light that I followed into the room. In an annual commemorative ritual tied to sun and sky, a shaft of light will illuminate the void between the time of the first and second attacks. So the building is metaphorically pinned to its place with a shaft of light from the sky that illuminates the whole labyrinth of knowledge. Watch the camera slowly track down a dark hallway toward a shaft of light from a crack in a door. She departed the command center and stepped into a shaft of white light in the atrium outside. Dust specks drift through a shaft of light in Grand Central Station. A woman in a red skirt is caught in a shaft of white light and appears to be dragging a heavy shadow behind her. But as I approached the area where I could see a shaft of light, I stopped. I imagined that he was standing in a shaft of white light, though he was only a shadow within that light. The skies cracked as a shaft of lightning, unleashed with the power of electrical fury, uncannily sped towards his still form on the ground. Illuminated by a shaft of light from the ceiling, the altar glowed with brimming power, standing immaculate in the centre of the hall. In a shaft of light from the salon his smile looked almost evil. It was one of those special moments when you get a shaft of light, when something which you thought you couldn't know emerges, and you suddenly see what was going on. As the music subsides they are both bathed in red light before a shaft of white light signifies the flight of their spirits to eternity. The curtains were open and moonlight streamed through the windows, a shaft of light landing on the pillow. Chris trembled as a shaft of the black light touched her skin. The coming of the dawn sent a shaft of light right across Adam's face. A shaft of light moved across my eyes, rousing me from deep slumber. Synonyms ray, beam, gleam, streak, pencil, finger, bar literary lance 2.1 A sudden flash of a quality or feeling. （品质或情感的）突然闪现 a shaft of inspiration 灵感突现。 Example sentencesExamples Claire checked herself immediately when an almost jealous shaft of emotion went through her. At that a sudden shaft of fear struck through her abdomen, and she was tempted to retch or scream. Almost immediately she tripped and fell over, hitting the ground heavily, the impact forcing the breath from her body and sending a shaft of agony through her belly. It shook him to the core with a ghostly shaft of fear impaling his quivering heart. Synonyms frisson, shiver, spasm, thrill, tingle, stab, dart 2.2 A remark intended to be witty, wounding, or provoking. 风凉话；挖苦话；刺激的话 he directs his shafts against her 他的挖苦话都是冲着她的。 Synonyms cutting remark, barb, gibe, taunt, sting informal dig 3A long, narrow, typically vertical hole that gives access to a mine, accommodates a lift in a building, or provides ventilation. 矿井；电梯井；通风井 Example sentencesExamples The shaft was merely a hole in the ground and the mining equipment was generally specialised and not readily moved. For example, we were required to provide straight vertical shafts for plumbing, running from the ground to the highest unit. By this time the mine had three shafts, many large stopes and hundreds of metres of drives. They got down to the end of the corridor to the hole in the door leading to the lift shaft. ‘I've looked around this room and it appears there are no ventilation shafts,’ said Jonathan. Another precipitous passage comes to a landing with vertical shafts disappearing into the ceiling. I need that area to be completely airtight, including partitions and ventilation shafts. Then, gas entered the ship through the ventilation shafts, and she lost consciousness. Athena kneeled down and lifted up what appeared to be only a ventilation shaft, but was in fact an access panel. As many as six shafts were sunk to mine the silver ore. At first I thought it was a holo-fall, but then saw it was just silvery linen, blowing this way and that from two ventilation shafts. With the help of the schematics he had obtained earlier, he managed to shut off the security system and enter through a ventilation shaft - an air duct. It was about the same size as the ventilation shafts at the school I rescued hostages from as my first mission, except it was round, not square. There are no doors, no windows, no pipes, no ventilation shafts. The original stair hall, with an inserted glass lift shaft, provides the circulation linkage between the new and original pools. Newspapers lift up the vertical shaft of the alley like small printed angels. Coal was the fuel that fired the Industrial Revolution, coal was found in coal mines, and cages were needed to transport men and supplies up and down the shafts of these mines. They mine diamonds in a shaft, the entrance to which is inside their house. Then, add to the atrium a luminous white skin of glazed bricks and a series of feature elements - balconies, stairs and stripped down lift shafts - and you very nearly have a new building. The other team crashed down through the ceiling, having climbed along the ventilation shafts, right down on top of the African Hardwood conference desk. Synonyms mineshaft, tunnel, passage, pit, adit, downcast, upcast borehole, bore duct, air shaft, well, light well, flue, vent rare winze 4vulgar slang A man's penis. 〈粗俚〉阴茎 4.1the shaftNorth American informal Harsh or unfair treatment. 〈北美，非正式〉苛刻；怠慢；不公平待遇 the executives continue to raise their pay while the workers get the shaft 主管们不断增加工资，对工人却很苛刻。 verb ʃɑːftʃæft 1no object, with adverbial of direction (of light) shine in beams. （光成束地）照射 brilliant sunshine shafted through the skylight 一束灿烂的阳光透过天窗照进来。 Example sentencesExamples Light shafted out of the box like the fall of a sword - a bright, white, ruthless light. The bright purple and red colors from the sunset shafted through the hundreds of small square panes in the windows, and dropped onto the cracked asphalt, which was growing gnarled and full of weeds. A small light shafted from a hole in the ceiling, which actually was a road above. 2vulgar slang with object (of a man) have sexual intercourse with (a woman). 〈粗俚〉（男子）与（女子）性交 2.1informal Treat (someone) harshly or unfairly. 〈非正式〉苛刻对待；不公正对待 I suppose she'll get a lawyer and I'll be shafted 我想她会找律师，我则会挨整。 Derivatives shafted adjective in combination a long-shafted harpoon 长柄鱼叉。 Origin Old English scæft, sceaft 'handle, pole', of Germanic origin; related to Dutch schaft, German Schaft, and perhaps also to sceptre. Early senses of the verb (late Middle English) were 'fit with a handle' and 'send out shafts of light'. Rhymes abaft, aft, craft, daft, draft, draught, engraft, graft, haft, kraft, raft, understaffed, unstaffed, waft Definition of shaft in US English: shaft nounSHaftʃæft 1A long, narrow part or section forming the handle of a tool or club, the body of a spear or arrow, or a similar implement. （工具或棍棒的）柄，把手；箭杆；矛杆 the shaft of a golf club 高尔夫球棒的柄。 the shaft of a feather 羽毛的干。 Example sentencesExamples The shaft of the cutting tool fits into a collet, which in turn fits into the chuck sleeve. It had a long shaft like a spear, but was more of a polearm than a thrusting weapon. The shaft of long handled tools should be a light wood, such as ash, and should be unpainted and free of knots. Move down the shaft of each section of hair and continue tying knots from the root of your hair to about 2 inches from the ends. He snapped two fists around the shaft of his halberd. The individual strings seem to hang from central shafts, each string as long as the shaft from the point it attaches. They may have a short shaft or a blade at each end. The forging process and the hieretics on the shaft of the staff pointed to high craftsmenship years ahead of the Egyptians. He shook the handle, causing the shaft to snap into place, and pulled the lever back until it clicked, and released it. A slip of paper was tied around the shaft of the arrow. He found her fondling the shaft of her spear, a few steps away. The first volley rang out as the sky further darkened by the shafts of thousands of arrows and bolts. We heard the rhythmic pounding as the spear points were hammered onto shafts of ash wood. Small worked flint blades known as microliths were perhaps the barbs of spears and harpoons with wooden shafts. She cringed as her black blood ran down the shaft of the spear. It came apart with a click and a spark of electricity, the long shaft separating from the body. They took their spear by the shaft, and made it lean on the knee. The sun was partially blocked by the shafts of the arrows which had soared across the sky. Maintaining a good posture, rotate the upper body to the right so that the shaft of the club is in front of you. This type is characterized by a square cross section and an offset shaft that served to seat the awl in a bone or antler handle. Synonyms pole, stick, rod, staff, shank, upright quill 1.1 An arrow or spear. 箭；矛 Example sentencesExamples Her heart soared with the swift flash of the shaft as it flew from the bow. 1.2 A column, especially the main part between the base and capital. 柱（尤指柱头和柱基间的主要部分） Example sentencesExamples There, although little had been reported by earlier scholars, we recorded Byzantine sculpture, an inscribed Byzantine tombstone, and several column shafts and capitals. After all, the column, with its capital, shaft, and base, is designed after the human figure. The freestanding column shafts are wrapped in black glazed tiles and the bases have a mosaic finish. This cross, one of five contracted to John of Battle, is an octagonal pier in three tiers on a stepped base; the shaft at its top was installed in a restoration of 1840. There were marble craters (mixing bowls) and candelabra, statuary, busts, reliefs, column capitals and bases, and 60 to 70 marble column shafts. Synonyms column, post, pole, support, upright, vertical, baluster, pier, pile, piling, pilaster, stanchion, standard, prop, buttress 1.3 The part of a boot that covers the leg. cowboy boots have a high shaft which almost reaches the top of the calf 1.4 A long cylindrical rotating rod for the transmission of motive power in a machine. （机器的）轴 Example sentencesExamples The Compaction Detector is a soil penetrometer cone and shaft pushed by a hydraulic cylinder, rather than by hand, into the ground. The feed was controlled by a hand lever at the top of the gear box and driven by belt, gears and universal shaft, giving a positive feed. The valves and gear shafts in his mind spun faster and faster, spark plugs flickering with anticipation. As far as that goes I am willing to believe what I am told: that escalators are big, complicated machines packed into tight shafts and there aren't many hours when you can work on them. The hub motor's shaft is stationary and the outer casing spins, turning the rim and tire to which it is spoked. This resistance could be reduced if the fixed shafts of the rollers were rotated as they moved. The first things to go in were the engines, a job that required a lot of measuring and development of a gear train to match their output to the belts and shafts that drove the looms. Blades up to 3 1/2 inches wide could be carried and both wheel shafts now ran in sell-aligning ball bearings. It is even more silent than the four-wheel drive versions, as there is much less mechanical noise from beneath the floor, due to the absence of propellor shaft and rear axle. Figure 4 shows the digital and analog controller responses to a mechanical impulse on the shaft. The cams are mounted on a shaft which oscillates in rotation, and the pistons move so as to follow the profile of the cam. The crank shaft turned the paddle shaft, which ultimately turned the paddle wheel. It has an area of 280 square metres and is complete with waterwheel, gears and shafts, millstones and fans and sieves for the processing of grain. The water wheel axle shaft still turned and made a squeaky noise but Don could hear the footsteps of someone on the floor above him. The spindle shaft rests between the maiden in the front and leather bearings attached to the flat board in the back. The rheostat shafts are essentially cylinders with a flat face cut down one side. In 1782, Watt developed a rotary engine that could turn a shaft and drive machinery to power the machines to spin and weave cotton cloth. The gearbox gets over both problems by being two half-gearboxes in one case, with two clutches and two transmission shafts, one inside the other. These assemblies consist of a cylindrical shaft supported at either end by a support bearing. Before the decade's end, it was discovered that an individual motor for each machine was more efficient and a lot safer than line shafts. 1.5 Each of the pair of poles between which a horse is harnessed to a vehicle. 辕杆 2A ray of light or bolt of lightning. （光、闪电等的）一道，一束 a shaft of sunlight 一缕阳光。 Example sentencesExamples The coming of the dawn sent a shaft of light right across Adam's face. Chris trembled as a shaft of the black light touched her skin. A woman in a red skirt is caught in a shaft of white light and appears to be dragging a heavy shadow behind her. She departed the command center and stepped into a shaft of white light in the atrium outside. It was one of those special moments when you get a shaft of light, when something which you thought you couldn't know emerges, and you suddenly see what was going on. In an annual commemorative ritual tied to sun and sky, a shaft of light will illuminate the void between the time of the first and second attacks. A shaft of light moved across my eyes, rousing me from deep slumber. Dust specks drift through a shaft of light in Grand Central Station. As the music subsides they are both bathed in red light before a shaft of white light signifies the flight of their spirits to eternity. He hurled it into the chest of the monster and the trident transformed itself into a shaft of lightning, exploding into the beast. I imagined that he was standing in a shaft of white light, though he was only a shadow within that light. The skies cracked as a shaft of lightning, unleashed with the power of electrical fury, uncannily sped towards his still form on the ground. But as I approached the area where I could see a shaft of light, I stopped. She focussed on the relaxing qualities of that beautiful shaft of silver moonlight. The curtains were open and moonlight streamed through the windows, a shaft of light landing on the pillow. Watch the camera slowly track down a dark hallway toward a shaft of light from a crack in a door. So the building is metaphorically pinned to its place with a shaft of light from the sky that illuminates the whole labyrinth of knowledge. There was a shaft of light that I followed into the room. Illuminated by a shaft of light from the ceiling, the altar glowed with brimming power, standing immaculate in the centre of the hall. In a shaft of light from the salon his smile looked almost evil. Synonyms ray, beam, gleam, streak, pencil, finger, bar 2.1 A sudden flash of a quality or feeling. （品质或情感的）突然闪现 a shaft of inspiration 灵感突现。 Example sentencesExamples Almost immediately she tripped and fell over, hitting the ground heavily, the impact forcing the breath from her body and sending a shaft of agony through her belly. At that a sudden shaft of fear struck through her abdomen, and she was tempted to retch or scream. Claire checked herself immediately when an almost jealous shaft of emotion went through her. It shook him to the core with a ghostly shaft of fear impaling his quivering heart. Synonyms frisson, shiver, spasm, thrill, tingle, stab, dart 2.2 A remark intended to be witty, wounding, or provoking. 风凉话；挖苦话；刺激的话 he directs his shafts against her 他的挖苦话都是冲着她的。 Synonyms cutting remark, barb, gibe, taunt, sting 3A long, narrow, typically vertical hole that gives access to a mine, accommodates an elevator in a building, or provides ventilation. 矿井；电梯井；通风井 Example sentencesExamples There are no doors, no windows, no pipes, no ventilation shafts. Another precipitous passage comes to a landing with vertical shafts disappearing into the ceiling. Newspapers lift up the vertical shaft of the alley like small printed angels. The original stair hall, with an inserted glass lift shaft, provides the circulation linkage between the new and original pools. They mine diamonds in a shaft, the entrance to which is inside their house. It was about the same size as the ventilation shafts at the school I rescued hostages from as my first mission, except it was round, not square. With the help of the schematics he had obtained earlier, he managed to shut off the security system and enter through a ventilation shaft - an air duct. Coal was the fuel that fired the Industrial Revolution, coal was found in coal mines, and cages were needed to transport men and supplies up and down the shafts of these mines. By this time the mine had three shafts, many large stopes and hundreds of metres of drives. Then, add to the atrium a luminous white skin of glazed bricks and a series of feature elements - balconies, stairs and stripped down lift shafts - and you very nearly have a new building. For example, we were required to provide straight vertical shafts for plumbing, running from the ground to the highest unit. The shaft was merely a hole in the ground and the mining equipment was generally specialised and not readily moved. At first I thought it was a holo-fall, but then saw it was just silvery linen, blowing this way and that from two ventilation shafts. Athena kneeled down and lifted up what appeared to be only a ventilation shaft, but was in fact an access panel. ‘I've looked around this room and it appears there are no ventilation shafts,’ said Jonathan. I need that area to be completely airtight, including partitions and ventilation shafts. They got down to the end of the corridor to the hole in the door leading to the lift shaft. Then, gas entered the ship through the ventilation shafts, and she lost consciousness. As many as six shafts were sunk to mine the silver ore. The other team crashed down through the ceiling, having climbed along the ventilation shafts, right down on top of the African Hardwood conference desk. Synonyms mineshaft, tunnel, passage, pit, adit, downcast, upcast 4vulgar slang A penis. 〈粗俚〉阴茎 4.1the shaftNorth American informal Harsh or unfair treatment. 〈北美，非正式〉苛刻；怠慢；不公平待遇 the executives continue to raise their pay while the workers get the shaft 主管们不断增加工资，对工人却很苛刻。 verbSHaftʃæft 1no object, with adverbial of direction (of light) shine in beams. （光成束地）照射 brilliant sunshine shafted through the skylight 一束灿烂的阳光透过天窗照进来。 Example sentencesExamples Light shafted out of the box like the fall of a sword - a bright, white, ruthless light. The bright purple and red colors from the sunset shafted through the hundreds of small square panes in the windows, and dropped onto the cracked asphalt, which was growing gnarled and full of weeds. A small light shafted from a hole in the ceiling, which actually was a road above. 2vulgar slang with object (of a man) have sexual intercourse with (a woman). 〈粗俚〉（男子）与（女子）性交 2.1informal Treat (someone) harshly or unfairly. 〈非正式〉苛刻对待；不公正对待 I suppose she'll get a lawyer and I'll be shafted 我想她会找律师，我则会挨整。 Origin Old English scæft, sceaft ‘handle, pole’, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch schaft, German Schaft, and perhaps also to scepter. Early senses of the verb ( late Middle English) were ‘fit with a handle’ and ‘send out shafts of light’.
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