| 释义 |
noun ɡraʊndɡraʊnd 1the groundThe solid surface of the earth. 大地，地面 他躺在地上。 Example sentencesExamples - Together, they soared over the fence, and landed with a muddy squelch onto the ground.
- You know, most accidents occur in and around airports when you're close to the ground.
- Light rails are too buslike to impress most commuters, too squished and close to the ground.
- In spring you kill the vetch by simply cutting it close to the ground, and then lay it in place on the beds.
- Eventually my head started to slowly gravitate toward the ground as my eyes closed.
- They also burrow and lay their eggs in the ground, helping to maintain healthy soil structure.
- Her fast footwork was accentuated by her bent knees, which kept her body close to the ground.
- The crocuses are above ground in the garden and the birds are singing with all their beautiful hearts.
- On the ground nearby lay a picture, a knight in shining armor drawn carefully in crayon.
- He froze and lay close to the ground, his entire body choked up with uncontrollable fear.
- He lay down in the exact center of the circle, keeping close to the ground in order to escape the heat.
- The new law keeps finds together as they were originally laid in the ground.
- The coum has a very short flower, with leaves that sit on the surface of the ground.
- I crumpled to the ground where I lay muttering to myself about all the things I did wrong in my life.
- The grave had clearly not been touched since the day she was laid in the ground - probably some time in the late 800s.
- Both humans dropped to the ground, and lay stunned for a space of time barely measurable.
- On one hand, helicopters are more maneuverable over a target and can get closer to the ground.
- She slumped down to the ground, laying on her side, and tried not to move too much.
- Because the train was so small, and we were so close to the ground, and we were straddling the train, it felt like we were going fast.
Synonyms floor, earth, terra firma flooring informal deck - 1.1mass noun A limited extent of the earth's surface; land.
（有界限的）地皮；土地 an adjoining area of ground had been purchased 邻近一片地被人买下了。 Example sentencesExamples - While in the air, he watched as a tractor pulling a plow cut a dark line of earth across an expanse of ground.
- It means the amount of water needed to cover an acre of ground to the depth of one foot.
- He stood by the small patch of ground that was usually their garden for the year and watched the sun come up.
- In 1757, he leased a back house and some ground adjoining his premises on Cork Hill.
- Your lawn is only a small piece of land, but all the lawns across the country cover a lot of ground.
- The new school will be built on 26 acres of ground specially set aside for the purpose in Garcia Street.
- That this road was atop a ridge equally suggests its origin at a time when lower ground, to the east, was marshy and impassable.
- On the way it swept through 1,500 acres of ground, including 600 acres of regenerating forest.
- Grass surpluses have developed on grazing ground on many farms at present following recent good growth.
- 1.2mass noun Land of a specified kind.
（特定种类的）地，土地 my feet squelched over marshy ground 我的脚踩在泥泞的沼泽地上吱吱作响。 Example sentencesExamples - I did a lot of individual work with her, which in many ways was like trying to break in a piece of clay ground for farming.
- Houses included piled structures with stone hearths set in marshy ground.
- These birds take refuge in hedges and wooded areas and at dusk fly out to feed in marshy ground.
- On sloping ground, soil can slip downwards at an imperceptibly slow rate by a process known as lateral creep.
- Sandy soils have higher albedos than clays; dry ground has a higher albedo than damp.
- The ceremony had to be held on bare ground: the earth connection was essential.
- That gave their heavy stone foundations time to settle into the porous clay ground.
- We are buried in holy ground, he says, because we come from earth and return there.
- He grabbed her and they fell together on the soft ground surrounding the fountain in the center of the court yard.
- She landed in the moist ground, sobbing, and wishing that the car would turn around.
- The dirt and concrete ground was slick from a recent rain and was littered with garbage.
- Cross marshy ground to a cairn, and after 300 yards you will reach the trig point on top of Auchineden Hill.
- Suppose the ball lands not on level ground, but deep in the stands or off a facade.
- One landed with a smash into the rocky ground, lodging his feet deep underneath the surface.
- Just before a cottage, go right at a green marker-post and follow a path across marshy ground to a gate in the fence to your right.
Synonyms earth, soil, topsoil, dirt, clay, loam, turf, clod, mould, sod, dust land, terrain - 1.3as modifier Relating to actions or activities taking place on the ground rather than the air.
the airline's ground staff Example sentencesExamples - The stoppage held by ground staff and crews was in opposition to a restructuring plan.
- The spokesman said all passengers who took part in the survey praised its friendly ground staff.
- Efforts were also made to use radiotelegraph and radiotelephone between aircraft and ground headquarters.
- The company provides ground services, including baggage handling.
- He says the agreement covered pilots and cabin crew, terminal services and other ground staff.
- The ground staff are flat out; it's past midnight here and there are dozens of planes left to unload.
- It was an emotional event as the veterans, most of whom either served at the airfield as pilots or ground staff, met for the first time in years.
- Industrial chaos at Stansted Airport and others across the country has been averted after ground staff accepted a pay deal.
- Suddenly things got busy around the aircraft and I asked our ground maintenance what was going on.
- Investors are increasingly nervous about the potential impact of a strike threat by the carrier's ground staff.
- This dispute also involves ground service staff and check-in agents as well as load controllers.
- He also instructed the ground support crews to check each pilot to make sure that they had a weak link.
- The majority of job losses will be at Stansted Airport where ground handling and sales staff are based.
- 1.4as modifier Living or growing on or close to the ground.
Example sentencesExamples - The ground flora in the oak woods ranges from areas of bilberry through grassy swards to rich moss carpets and small alder flushes.
- Most of the ground lichen pastures are found in the northern herding districts.
- A rare ground orchid Disperis neilgherrensis has blooms that are striking beyond belief.
- The presence of shrubs and ground plants in the flatwoods depends on the frequency of fire.
- I munch a mushroom, then strip a spiny ground herb to yield a mouthful of sweet white pith.
2also groundsAn area of land or sea used for a specified purpose. （作为特定用途的）场地，场 shore dumping can pollute fishing grounds 在海边倾倒废物会污染渔场和海滩。 Example sentencesExamples - Do you think anyone will mention the huge factory ships into which foreign trawlers empty their catch before turning round to quickly return to the fishing grounds?
- The abundant phytoplankton are a major food source for high levels of marine life that make the area one of the richest fishing grounds in the world, he said.
- The problem is the rise of global markets to satisfy the demands of people remote from the fishing grounds.
- The remaining birds, whether on the breeding or wintering grounds, mostly inhabit public or undeveloped beaches.
- Tragically, only three purpose built football grounds remain as AFL venues.
- The site is well clear of fishing and trawling grounds and one which complies with the Queensland Environmental Protection Agency rules.
- The move was designed to relieve people of the squalid living conditions, as well as to grant better access to hunting and fishing grounds.
- In the 1760s, a few families from New England and Northern Ireland were attracted to the area by the rich fishing grounds.
- The Barents Sea, north of Norway and Russia, is one of the world's richest fishing grounds, accounting for half the global cod catch.
- On January 27, 1974 the Gaul left Hull for the fishing grounds in the North Cape area.
- With its island scenery and fishing grounds, Zhoushan aims to transform itself into a yachting centre for Shanghai.
- Despite a brave effort the footballers finished up with no silver ware but the Development Committee made huge strides with the development of the new playing grounds.
- There was a sense of urgency today as cleanup workers tried to head off oil slicks before they reached Spanish beaches and the fishing grounds.
- What's more, although an argument is made based on the area being part of Taiwan's traditional fishing grounds, that argument is given little space.
- Yet traffic across the fishing grounds could be disruptive, and a spillage in the waters that circulate closer to the islands disastrous.
- It was fashionable in the 1990s to celebrate community resource management as a solution to depletion of fishing grounds.
- The fields will again become killing grounds and the skies will be turned into shooting galleries.
- Many of the moves our family made when I was growing up were not done for occupational reasons, but in search of better fishing grounds.
- A fund insider confirmed that the policy has been to ask for the grants to be repaid if football grounds were developed for non-football purposes.
- For a number of years countries like the Cook Islands had ignored their own fishing resources and invited other nations to harvest its fishing grounds, he said.
- 2.1grounds An area of enclosed land surrounding a large house or other building.
（建筑物周围的）场地，庭园 the house stands in seven acres of grounds 房子伫立在七英亩的庭园之中。 Example sentencesExamples - The building, the grounds and surrounding area are untidy.
- A large public park will be included in the 500-acre grounds of Abbotstown House.
- This turned out to be a very corporate looking boardroom crammed full with swivel chairs - a far cry from the acres and acres of the lush green grounds surrounding the manor.
- Set in nearly six acres of grounds, the nine-bedroom house boasts a leisure annexe, with indoor swimming pool and games room, a vaulted wine cellar, and billiard room.
- Set in 3,500 acres of woodland grounds, it has lots of beautiful walks as well as a nine-hole golf course, an all-weather tennis court and a croquet lawn.
- By 11: 00 P.M. the entire house and the grounds surrounding it were packed with people.
- When the club moved to its present grounds in the 1930s, large trees were cleared by the local cricket team from the centre of what was at the time the private grounds of Manor House.
- Plans to build 35 houses in the grounds of a former school in a conservation area are likely to go ahead despite objections from residents.
- In contrast to the grounds surrounding the house, this area had been neatly trimmed and landscaped.
- A big selling point will be the extensive grounds that surround the house.
- Controversial plans for a five-bedroom house in the grounds of a listed Broadway building have been approved - despite opposition from neighbours.
- The building stands in six acres of grounds, offering play areas for children as well as conference facilities.
- Diana had to smile at the notion that the vast grounds surrounding the house could be considered a ‘yard’.
- During their weeding and cleaning the pupils also learned much about the horticulture of the grounds surrounding the church buildings.
- A patrol gathered before a grand old manor house on the grounds.
- Specifically, the community wants a major expansion to the airport terminal building and surrounding grounds, including a small parking lot.
- Before that it operated from a mobile building in the school grounds but that land had to be sold off and the pre-school moved inside the school.
- The grounds which surround this house have been immaculately kept and are not overlooked in any way.
- People are barred from transporting directly into the building or the grounds surrounding - it is a security hazard.
- The property has spacious grounds and is surrounded by mature trees.
Synonyms estate, gardens, lawns, park, parkland, land, acres, property, surroundings, domain, holding, territory archaic demesne - 2.2 An area of land, often with associated buildings, used for a particular sport.
（有附设房屋的）运动场地 足球场。 Liverpool's new ground is nearing completion 利物浦的新运动场快完工了。 Example sentencesExamples - An agreement has also been reached for Yorkshire to buy the various income strands at Headingley and also the freehold of the ground.
- The ARL has come on board and said if they're banned from an NRL ground they'll be banned from the ARL ground.
- They managed to turn their ground into something of a fortress towards the end of last year.
- Before the match was stopped Ryan Haire hit a massive six which saw the ball going out of the ground.
- We need a little bit of luck to go our way and turn our home ground into Fortress Memorial.
- A war of words has broken out over Yorkshire's proposed purchase of the cricket ground from Headingley boss Paul Caddick.
- I could have stopped competitive rugby and jogged on the ground to keep fit.
- One tackle on former Sale wing David Rees sent shock waves around the ground.
- The only option would be to burn the paddock to the ground.
- You have a club worth millions; you fill out your ground every week.
- Kabwe Warriors yesterday avoided an upset by thumping promotion side Prison Leopards in a FAZ Premier Division week-eight derby played at Railway ground.
- This could turn into a tight match with Queenstown possibly slight favourites with their home ground advantage.
- Tameside Borough Council will soon lift safety restrictions preventing Oldham RL playing home matches at Ashton United's soccer ground.
- In other parts of the world we are seeing Test matches played under lights and we are the only international ground in England with planning permission to erect them.
- They have struggled for the last two seasons and the Sharks will kick themselves if they blow another major opportunity to come away from the Watford ground with maximum points.
- The credit for turning this venue into a Test ground goes to a Trinity College old boy, the Late Hon.
- The deciding match will be played at the same ground tomorrow.
- Bradford's ground, Valley Parade, holds barely 20,000.
- Four years earlier on the same ground the young Don Bradman had set a new Test record with a score of 334.
- The ground co-hosted the recent ICC Champions Trophy and Test cricket is a realistic dream.
3mass noun An area of knowledge or subject of discussion or thought. （知识、讨论或思考的）范围，领域 third-year courses cover less ground and go into more depth 三年级的课程通常涉及的领域较少但更深入。 count noun he shifted the argument on to theoretical grounds of his own choosing 他将论点转移到自己选择的理论领域。 Example sentencesExamples - We had begun to drift apart, but my beating had brought us back onto common ground.
- Despite differences in sound they were able to find common ground on deeper issues.
- This is a huge subject that covers much ground and will see a good many proposals.
- This seems to be part of a larger trend in which Jews and Christians are finding areas of common ground.
- There's probably a lot of common ground between those two themes.
- Any book on European integration which aims to be at all comparative is bound to cover a lot of ground, both theoretical and practical.
- Certainly she believes the process is moving onto dangerous ground.
- India always offers fertile ground for argument, but there is much to agree upon in the rest of the book.
- However, councillors in the county have failed to reach any sort of common ground on the issue.
4groundsFactors forming a basis for action or the justification for a belief. 理由，根据 there are some grounds for optimism 有一些乐观的理由。 they called for a retrial on the grounds of the new evidence 他们以有新证据为由提请再审。 Example sentencesExamples - I see no grounds for reducing the basis of the award of costs in favour of the claimants.
- Their objective isn't to change people's beliefs, but to provide good grounds for belief.
- To me this seems highly implausible on both notational and musical grounds.
- I wonder if there are some solid legal grounds on which I could sue them?
- Some independent observers see grounds to question the sell-offs.
- However, interest-based financing systems can neither be justified on the grounds of efficiency nor on the basis of economic justice.
- Fostering hatred or advocating violence to further a set of beliefs will become grounds for deportation.
- But amid the huge attention given to the poor performance of the main opposition parties, there are factors that give grounds for real concern.
- On our side we have very, very solid legal grounds.
- This case is the one encountered herein, and therefore the method used to code the outgroup stands on solid theoretical grounds.
- There is no need for the officer to show reasonable grounds for his belief that the powers are needed.
- But in a case such as the present where the bad faith of the plaintiff is not alleged, I can see no basis for the implication of a representation of reasonable grounds for belief.
- This group continues to make assertions without grounds or substantive proof.
- Is such a policy justified on the grounds of protecting choice when these schools exclude most children because of the size of the fees they charge?
- The evidential burden for restraining property is even lower - all the government needs is ‘reasonable grounds for belief’.
- The police did not have an honest belief in the grounds for his arrest.
- Zero tolerance is commonly justified on the grounds of children's safety.
- It has been resisted on two substantial grounds.
- One of Nietzsche's prime targets in this respect is Kant who, like a good modernist, attempted to give, as far as is possible, rational grounds for our ordinary beliefs and for morality.
- That may give them grounds for a constitutional challenge on the grounds of equality and of guarantees not to endow any religion.
Synonyms reason, cause, basis, base, foundation, justification, rationale, argument, premise, occasion, factor, excuse, pretext, motive, motivation, inducement 5Art
A prepared surface to which paint is applied. 〔主艺术〕底子，底色 Example sentencesExamples - All of the images are on white grounds, with the gesso petering out as it reaches the edges of the canvas.
- These new paintings are mostly organized around nearly straight brushstrokes executed on grounds made of broader, looser applications of paint.
- They are rendered in grisaille on a gray ground bordered by a gold strapwork design.
- To create his paintings, he stencils wide bands and squares of colorful enamel paint over bright acrylic grounds.
- Lashing skeins of clear acrylic medium course through wiped grounds, in a family of pinks ranging from alizarin to rust, of oceanic vastness.
- 5.1 A substance used to prepare a surface for painting.
绘画打底用材料 Example sentencesExamples - Virtually all the paintings have black grounds (visible between the disc shapes) that make them appear to be set at night.
- A number of the paintings that follow have ominously dark grounds appropriate to the seriousness of intent.
- His new work recalls his beginnings, but with broader lines, more intense colors and richer, more complex grounds.
- Alkyd and acrylic primers, pigmented with titanium white, have largely replaced white lead in oil as grounds for oil painting.
- We should probably not assume that his changes in technique - the turn away from the live model, the shift in pigments and grounds - were determined by haste and flight.
- These works are delicate and loose, with washy grounds and linear accents, bits of cross-hatching and curving organic shapes.
- 5.2 (in embroidery or ceramics) a plain surface to which decoration is applied.
（刺绣或制陶用语）底坯 - 5.3 A piece of wood fixed to a wall as a base for boards, plaster, or joinery.
（用以在墙上安装木板、细木工制品或上泥灰的）底板，底衬
6groundsSolid particles, especially of coffee, which form a residue; sediment. （尤指咖啡的）渣滓；沉淀物 machines which presoak the coffee grounds produce a superior cup of coffee Example sentencesExamples - Once or twice a year, give your holly a treat: an inch-deep mulch layer of used coffee grounds.
- The effect is lyrics that sound like poems strained through post-modern coffee grounds, full of jolt and flavour.
- One way to do that is to mulch around the tree, at least in the first few years, with two or three inches of used coffee grounds.
- A recent addition to their archives is a plastic sheeting made with recycled coffee grounds.
- Coffee grounds are often used around plants to repel snails.
- Another tip is to use coffee grounds to exfoliate - the caffeine will be absorbed thru your skin and it'll increase the circulation in your face.
- After four minutes, you press the plunger to force the coffee grounds to the bottom; they're trapped by a wire mesh.
- So far so good, but I haven't won that bag of delicious coffee grounds yet.
- Turkish coffee requires that you leave the coffee grounds to settle in the bottom of the cup.
- It was indeed watery, and I could see some dark coffee grounds floating at the bottom of my cup.
- After he put the coffee grounds in the coffee maker he glanced at me and took the pancakes from my hand with a muttered ‘Thanks.’
- Coffee grounds, vegetable waste, eggshells, fruit scraps and leaves are just a few examples of what can go into a compost pile.
- I knew something was up when I passed a table littered with tools, covered in coffee grounds, and bearing a shop vac.
- Most of the coffee in it was the residue from the coffee grounds, but he didn't care.
- I would have to say that coffee grounds are the worst smell in the world, worse even than my dog's feet.
- Are used coffee grounds good for your garden and flower beds?
- Some gardeners swear that coffee grounds will even keep slugs away from ultra-vulnerable hosta plants.
- With trembling hands, she shook the coffee grounds into the filter.
- My habit with the coffee is I put a cinnamon stick in the filter with the grounds so my coffee tastes cinnamon-like.
- I spilled some coffee grounds on the floor today.
Synonyms sediment, precipitate, settlings, dregs, lees, deposit, residue, sludge rare grouts 7North American Electrical connection to the earth. 〈北美〉接地；接地装置，地线。见EARTH （义项3） 8Music
short for ground bass
verb ɡraʊndɡraʊnd [with object]1Prohibit or prevent (a pilot or an aircraft) from flying. 禁止（飞行员或飞机）飞行；使停飞 a bitter wind blew from the north-east and the bombers were grounded 寒风从东北方刮来，轰炸机无法起飞。 Example sentencesExamples - The move comes three weeks after the airline was forced to ground its aircraft in a row over leasing payments.
- It was feared that the aircraft would be grounded after EU regulations put it in the weight category of an airliner, increasing its insurance five-fold.
- If we can't ground an aircraft that's in Europe and not flying much, we might as well give up.
- The pilot should be grounded for such crazy antics.
- Due to back orders of the test sets caused by high usage rates, four aircraft were grounded.
- He said the airline has grounded the pilot with pay while executives investigate the incident.
- If so, the pilot is grounded temporarily until he completes the physical.
- But their disappointment turned to rage when a tannoy announcement revealed that the flight had had to be grounded because the aircraft hadn't got diplomatic clearance to land in Mexico.
- I found out that wasn't possible; all planes have been grounded and we were stuck for five more days in Italy.
- Some flights to the US could be grounded after the airline pilots' union called on its members not to fly with armed sky marshals on board.
- Strong winds grounded firefighting aircraft and drove the fires toward the resort towns in the mountains.
- British Airways said it anticipated ‘quite a number of disrupted and cancelled flights’ and other carriers said aircraft would be grounded.
- Our local aeronautic genius and his resurrected aircraft remain grounded by today's tough aviation standards, but he's still aiming high.
- If there are any doubts at all then the model or pilot is grounded.
- Last year all 291 Sea Knights in US service were grounded after a crack was discovered in a rotor blade in one of them.
- The pilots had earlier picketed the roundabout at the entrance to the airport as the company's board met to decide whether aircraft should be grounded on Sunday.
- Along with bankrupt airlines cutting their fleets, other airlines are also grounding inefficient aircraft, as well.
- We grounded crop-dusting aircraft for a couple of days.
- He had been praised for a mission where he rescued injured youngsters in atrocious flying conditions which had grounded every other aircraft.
- After several years of highly expensive flight training, he ‘failed to accomplish’ his flight medical exam, grounding himself as a pilot.
Synonyms prevent from flying, keep on the ground - 1.1informal (of a parent) refuse to allow (a child) to go out socially as a punishment.
〈非正式，主北美〉（父母）罚（孩子）不准外出社交 he was grounded for hitting her on the head Example sentencesExamples - I grounded him and stopped his spends - I did everything I could possibly do.
- It means all you care about is grounding me whenever I do something you think is wrong.
- I disobeyed this rule once, and was found out - the only time in my life I was ever grounded.
- The social ostracism extends to grounding the child or even making him go to bed early.
- Fine, but this better be good, or else I'm grounding you for a month.
- I was kicked out of the altar serving program and I was grounded by my parents for a good month.
- He was grounded, so he couldn't skateboard at Chris's.
- He knew that I was grounded about three times a week for the lamest stuff but he always tried to get me to do things with him anyway.
- They'll solve that problem quickly enough by coming home a bit later this morning and finding the house a mess and grounding him for the next year.
- ‘I want you to call them now or you're going to be grounded the whole time you're at the beach,’ Mom said.
- Being grounded by your parents will be treated as an unexcused absence.
- They suspended her for two weeks and her parents grounded her for a whole month.
- If Theo wanted independence, Henry grounded him.
- His parents grounded him and sought therapy for him.
- She grounded me, and told me I had to come over and apologise.
- Since the bridge incident, his mother had grounded him and made him work at home painting and gardening.
- My dad grounded me for a month when he'd found out.
- Something in me fired up, and I was almost glad that my parents had grounded me.
- You're not grounded, you're not busted, and you're not chained to a desk in class.
- Well, I'll explain it further later, but the shorter version is that I'm grounded.
2(with reference to a ship) run or go aground. with object rather than be blown up, Muller grounded his ship on a coral reef 马勒没有被炸死，而是将船在一座珊瑚礁上搁浅后投降了。 Example sentencesExamples - If river levels sink too low, barges could be grounded and agriculture thrown into chaos.
- The boat grounded, and although two tugs were requisitioned they failed to move her.
- In 1770 the ship grounded on the Great Barrier Reef, and after frantic efforts to save the ship, it was beached and repaired over the course of several weeks before resuming her voyage.
- Kirkwall lifeboat and the ferry Eynhallow went to the aid of a boat that grounded on Wyre skerry on Saturday.
- Initially it seems that the ship is grounded as solidly as a breakwater, but after a while the creaks and groans are evidence of movement, however slight this may be.
- But too late; before they could do anything, the ship grounded on Dutchman's Bank, about two miles from Puffin Island.
- Yesterday, salvors were also hard at work on the cargo ship Sagitarius, which is grounded on the rocks off Leaches Bay.
Synonyms run aground, become stranded, run ashore, beach, become beached, land, be high and dry 3usually be grounded inGive (something abstract) a firm theoretical or practical basis. 使（抽象事物）建立在牢固的理论（或实践）基础上 the study of history must be grounded in a thorough knowledge of the past 历史研究必须建立在对过去全面了解的基础之上。 Example sentencesExamples - Some may say that this is rather ethereal, and not grounded in precise observation or description.
- If judgment means anything, it has to be grounded in at least a minimum amount of knowledge.
- Their evangelism has no hope of success, because it is not grounded in the reality of what a university has to be to function.
- This radical political practice was grounded in an equally radical theology.
- The explanation is grounded in the notion that natural laws are the principle of a natural activity that constitutes a myth.
- No matter how outlandish and farcical some of the events become everything remains firmly grounded in a sense of reality.
- After all, his career path during the 1960s was firmly grounded in academia.
- The music is soulful while being grounded in the aesthetic and working practices of jazz.
- Its function is not disembodied or abstracted from the socio-cultural, but grounded in it.
- This policy must be grounded in the examination of independent metrics and is not viable without this rigor.
- Some are grounded in the needs of those selling the technology.
- Why should this portrait in particular be grounded in this reality?
- The brilliant synthesis was grounded in his own practical experience.
- His vision of what was possible is obviously grounded in reality he'd experienced elsewhere.
- Like most approaches grounded in irrationality, this one hasn't worked either.
- A duly constituted tribunal would be firmly grounded in a core democratic value: the rule of law.
- The law is not just a formal dispute resolution system but something which is grounded in morality.
- Much of contemporary architectural thinking is grounded in a polemic against modernism and even classicism.
- His tunes were still pretty, his riffs still grounded in classic guitar rock.
- That's lesson number two in the school of love; true love is always to be grounded in knowledge.
Synonyms base, found, establish, set, settle, root, build, construct, form - 3.1 Instruct (someone) thoroughly in a subject.
（在某学科上）给…以扎实的基础教育 Eva's governess grounded her in Latin and Greek 伊娃的家庭教师为她的拉丁语、希腊语和意大利语学习打下了牢固的基础。 Synonyms instruct, coach, tutor, educate, school, train, upskill, drill, prime, prepare teach, familiarize with, acquaint with, make conversant with, inform about informal give the gen about, give the low-down on, gen up on, clue up on, clue in on, fill in on, put in the picture about
4Place (something) on the ground or touch the ground with (something) 把…放在地上；以…触地 he was penalized two strokes for grounding his club in a bunker 由于在一障碍处球杆触地，他被罚两杆。 Example sentencesExamples - Trapped behind their own 22 for longer than desired, Carlow were only recovering from that blow when the ball was grounded behind their line in less than two minutes.
- However replays showed his foot went into touch as he grounded the ball.
- The Wasps played probably their best stuff of the season and crossed the try-line four times, only to see one try disallowed for a forward pass and two more ruled out for not grounding the ball.
- However, he made no attempt to ground the ball and ran touch in goal for what should have been a certain try.
- The irony is that he would have been two strokes better off had he not been penalised for grounding his club in a bunker during Thursday's first round.
5North American Connect (an electrical device) with the ground. 〈北美〉把（电器）接地 Example sentencesExamples - Rather than attempt a comprehensive overview, I restrict myself to some observations on the different kinds of grounding devices.
- The method further includes contacting the second metallization layer with a conductive liquid that is electrically grounded.
- The third prong is there because the appliance must be grounded to avoid electric shock.
- He sensed that a patient had excess energy, so he grounded the patient's big toe to a drainpipe with copper wire, and - lo and behold - it worked!
- If I'm riding my bike during a lightning storm, will the tires keep me grounded?
- The spark plugs must be grounded to complete the electrical circuit.
- And since this pipe extended a considerable distance below ground, it served as an adequate basis for grounding the entire electrical system.
- The part to be finished is electrically grounded.
6Baseball
no object (of a batter) hit a pitched ball so that it bounces on the ground. Example sentencesExamples - The next batter grounded into a force to end the inning.
- He homered in the first game of the Divisional Series against the Giants, but he also grounded into a double-play to end the ballgame while representing the tying run.
- He grounded to first baseman Tino Martinez, ending the game.
- On his next pitch, he grounded into a triple play to end the inning.
- But Young swung at the first pitch anyway, grounding into a double play.
- 6.1ground out (of a batter) be put out by hitting a ball on the ground to a fielder who throws it to or touches first base before the batter touches that base.
〔棒球〕（击球员）击出内场地滚球被杀出局 he grounded out to shortstop 他击出内场地滚球后被封杀至游击手位置。
Phrasesbe thick (or thin) on the ground Exist in large (or small) numbers or amounts. 为数众多（或为数不多） good men are thin on the ground Example sentencesExamples - Parents however were thin on the ground except for the usual dedicated few.
- These people are quite exceptionally brave, but are still very thin on the ground.
- As you can see, my sympathies were thin on the ground.
- No wonder public support is so thin on the ground.
- They say the streets are becoming no-go areas at night, with yobs causing mayhem and police already too thin on the ground to tackle the problem.
- They probably exist, but they're not exactly thick on the ground.
- Sympathy for what he himself has overcome since last August is strangely thin on the ground.
- Good pharmaceutical investments are thin on the ground.
- This is the trouble when your favourite author's dead; I've read everything and his current output is pretty thin on the ground.
- Others argue that allied troops are too thin on the ground to make any difference.
Synonyms rare, few and far between, scarce, seldom found, seldom seen
1Do preparatory digging or other work prior to building or planting something. 翻土，犁地；破土，动工 this tractor can break ground in the spring and throw snow in the winter Example sentencesExamples - The chain opened five hotels in the two months and also broke ground on 12 more.
- The number of housing projects builders broke ground on in January declined by the largest amount in nearly a year as bad winter weather played havoc with construction activity.
- Before breaking ground, he is also holding out for a law that would allow the enforcement of gaming debts, but the government is still drafting that legislation.
- Long before the first shovel breaks ground, your organization will need to make a commitment to the importance of adopting a green approach to the future development of the facility.
- Construction crews broke ground last week on the long-awaited skateboard facility at Shaw Millennium Park.
- I never felt so good as we broke ground as I did that day, knowing that we were moving forward, even if only a slight amount.
- Five years ago, developers broke ground for River Station in the same area, and the first of some 360 new condos sold at prices twice as high as had been predicted.
- He said the project broke ground in August of 1997 but was halted later, victim of the depressed financial crisis in Southeast Asia.
- Either he spoke at your school or broke ground for your office building, or you met him when he was running for mayor of Calgary or you saw him speak when he was lieutenant-governor.
- So, in October 1981, the administration broke ground for the highway, and it was completed two years and nine months later.
2Do something innovative and beneficial. it broke ground by holding a national convention to select its candidates last year Example sentencesExamples - In fact, he is breaking ground in two ways in 2001: his first-ever remount and also the first new play in which he revisits characters from an earlier work.
- It breaks ground and you'll still want to listen to it in five years, even after the fad of pop electronica wears off.
- Author Sara Paretsky broke ground in contemporary mystery writing with the 1982 debut of V.I. Warshawski, a tough-talking, hard-boiled and independent female detective.
- Of course, of course, and it wasn't until after - then people said, ‘Oh, you broke ground.’
- While it broke ground by merging political and social issues with blistering, tribal-influenced metal, the group was never an overtly spiritual or introspective band.
- The new bill also breaks ground in the regulation of comparative advertising.
- But he broke ground, as he did in every aspect of the museum, when he converted to for-profit status.
- He plays a local lawyer who takes on a female coal miner's case of sexual harassment and breaks ground by filing the first class action lawsuit of its kind.
- Although most media ignored the rally and none of the baked goods managed to sell, he maintains that events like this one show the promise of breaking ground and making gains for Alberta students.
- We're all pioneers, breaking ground, changing people's minds about what the Latino image is.
break new (or fresh) ground Do something innovative and beneficial. this case breaks new ground of great constitutional importance Example sentencesExamples - Aviation security is breaking new ground and those beginning this training now will be among the pioneers who set policy in this emerging field.
- In 1901, the hotel also broke new ground with the introduction of the first automatic telephone equipment in Shanghai.
- This innovative method plainly breaks new ground.
- With their combined reach and complementary services, these two great institutions will break new ground in informing and entertaining people.
- Special consideration will be given to psychological research that breaks new ground or creates significant new understandings that facilitate children's and youths' development or functioning.
- The Guidance breaks new ground by establishing six disclosure principles and a five-part disclosure framework of recommended disclosure practices.
- Tonight, we introduce you to a high school senior who broke new ground in the field of astronomy, surpassing even seasoned professionals in astronomy.
- As for this year, the US Open is breaking new ground in more ways than one.
- Many of these advertisements broke new ground and initiated a completely fresh style in British commercial art.
- Michelangelo, Raphael, Titian and others broke new ground by introducing the human figure, naturalistically depicted, into their paintings.
cut the ground from under someone's feet Do something which leaves someone without a reason for their actions or opinions. 使（某人）的行为无正当理由，使（某人）的观点无据可依 she rounded on Nathan with a devastating tirade and cut the ground from under his feet Example sentencesExamples - The Olympics, though, cut the ground from under his feet.
- Perhaps even more disturbing for him, he half-wittingly joined in the assault, cutting the ground from under his feet.
- Eventually the ideology that has won the support of the majority will prevail and cut the ground from under the tyrant's feet.
informal Completely or complete. 〈非正式〉完全（或彻底）地；完全（或彻底）的 they needed a rethink of their doctrine from the ground up 他们需要彻底地重新考虑他们的学说。 Example sentencesExamples - My family believes in hard work and learning the business from the ground up.
- There is only one way to do this: together, we must build from the ground up.
- Too few are willing to pay their dues and learn the business from the ground up.
- The experience, he says, taught him to look at a business from the ground up, not the other way round.
- I had to build the whole navigational structure again from the ground up.
- So I was going to school full time and working full time and learning the industry from the ground up.
- I washed cars during summer and holiday vacations and learned the business from the ground up.
- Build your business model from the ground up and sense-check it from the top down.
- We are presented with a glorious opportunity to remake our legal system from the ground up, and I suggest we take it by the ears and run with it.
- Novices, however, may spend one to two hours learning the skills from the ground up.
Become more popular or accepted. 越来越得人心，越来越为人们所接受 new moral attitudes are gaining ground 新的道德观越来越为人们所接受。 Example sentencesExamples - Grass-roots campaigns, such as a move for free prescriptions, have been gaining ground.
- If the progressive agenda is to gain ground we do not have the luxury to be tribal in our approach.
- Once this perception gains ground then it may not be too long before the consumer spending and borrowing boom returns to previous highs.
- At the turn of the century a political and social movement called Progressivism was gaining ground in this country.
- It's been on the periphery of society since then, but now it gains ground with the arrival of political parties who spread lies and fear.
- Nevertheless, foreign influences upon traditional normative structures in developing countries gained ground with increasing momentum.
- But with British newspapers increasingly gaining ground here, that tradition may be changing.
- The popularity of observing a special Mothers' Day, which has been an American vogue for many years, would appear to be gaining ground on this side of the Atlantic.
- Bulgaria is slowly gaining ground on the French tourist market as more travel operators feature the country as a destination in their holiday portfolios.
- So the neo-con label might not fit but certainly there are signs in a number of areas of Europe that a more radical approach to foreign policy could gain ground on the left.
Synonyms make headway, make progress, make strides, progress, advance, proceed, move, get on, get ahead, come on, come along
Get closer to someone or something that is ahead in a pursuit or competitive situation. 逼近，追上（追赶对象，竞争对手） the dollar gained ground on all other major currencies 美元对所有其他主要货币的汇率有所上升。 Example sentencesExamples - If there was a chance for the men's hockey team to gain ground on a playoff spot, it came twofold last weekend.
- ‘It is a bonus just to have survived, but to realise I'm gaining ground on the leader means I am very much in the race,’ she said.
- It does so because it believes that recessions are a great time to gain ground on the competition.
- Favorable weather is helping firefighters gain ground on a ferocious wildfire in Southern California.
- The race looks to be a close and competitive as ever, as we are aiming to gain ground on the few boats ahead of us, while keeping those behind just there.
- Votes go up and down across all classes, with Labour recently gaining ground on all fronts.
- The woman behind me in the black car pulled out of a ranch driveway awhile back; she is gaining ground on me.
- In California, firefighters are gaining ground on a wildfire there that has burned more than 3,000 acres.
- Fire officials hoped cooler weather and diminished winds in the next few days would help crews gain ground on the blazes.
- He expects it to gain ground on rivals and hopes that this will marginalise his critics.
Start or cause to start happening successfully. （使）顺利开始；（使）起作用 there'd have to be a public inquiry before the project got off the ground Example sentencesExamples - Most scientists have a lot more trouble getting their projects off the ground.
- At recent meetings held in these areas I have been lobbied very strongly regarding this issue because of delays caused by planning in getting projects off the ground.
- I have invested a lot of time and energy in getting this project off the ground and it will have massive benefits for the town and indeed for the county.
- There was a long period of time when he had a lot of projects fall through and had a lot of difficulties getting a project off the ground.
- I have moneymaking ideas by the synapse-load, yet I lack the business sense and initiative to get them off the ground.
- The grant was allocated by the Department of Enterprise Trade and Employment and will be a major help in getting the project off the ground.
- That might take the form of setting up a business or a non-profit entity or social enterprise, or it might be anyone who wants to get an idea off the ground within an organisation.
- To get her nonprofit organization off the ground, she dipped into savings for a condo she planned to buy.
- He said: ‘There has been a real sense of community spirit in getting this project off the ground and we would like to thank all those who are helping us.’
- The guild is very proud to have played their part in getting the project off the ground by doing a survey of the people in the area needing transport.
Synonyms get going, get under way, begin, start, start off, go ahead set in motion, get under way, get going, start, begin, activate, institute, initiate, launch, get in operation, get functioning, get working
Retreat or lose one's advantage during a conflict or competition. 让步；退却；失去优势 he refused to give ground on this issue 他拒绝在这一问题上让步。 Example sentencesExamples - After dominating the mobile phone market for years, it lost ground last year to competitors.
- But Europe's main paymaster made clear that Britain must give ground.
- Any delay in addressing this opportunity is likely to mean losing ground to the competition.
- The dollar lost ground on the foreign exchange markets in the light of the news, however.
- I've kept on going, refused to change or give ground, but that didn't keep the world from changing.
- Meanwhile, further one-day walkouts in London over cost-of-living allowances could be staged if the Government refuses to give ground.
- That's one reason that it has been losing ground to its competitors, as drivers shop around.
- Warriors who had surged forward into the slaughter atop the fort's walls felt the drive of those behind falter, and suddenly they were giving ground themselves, falling back and fighting only in self-defense as they retreated.
- King Louis had already dispatched three legions of capable soldiers to defend the garrisons, but the forces of the Dungeon Overlords doggedly refused to give ground.
- With feelings still running high in the wake of the collapse of the European summit last month, after a public bust-up between Britain and France, Paris is refusing to give ground.
1(of a fox or other animal) enter its earth or burrow. （狐狸等）钻入地穴 rabbits evicted from one set of burrows will go to ground elsewhere Example sentencesExamples - Before a ‘normal’ hunt, terrier men block all holes in the area before the hunt arrives and then follow in vans to dig out any fox which goes to ground or send in the terriers to drive the fox out again.
- Quite frequently, instead of being caught by the hounds, the fox will go to ground, typically in a fox earth.
- In the U.S. hounds are trained to pursue the fox until it goes to ground (finds cover in one of its holes).
- For instance practices like digging up foxes that have gone to ground and blocking exit holes should not be allowed.
- 1.1(of a person) hide or become inaccessible, especially for a long time.
〈喻〉（尤指长时间地）潜伏，躲藏；退隐 he went to ground following the presidential coup 推翻总统的政变后他便退隐了。 Example sentencesExamples - He went to ground after he was sacked from his £250,000 job and has not spoken publicly about the allegations.
- Last week, he went to ground in the Alps in advance of Wednesday's crucial meeting with the British Olympic Association and the results of the second test that could seal his fate.
- Once we kicked him out and he went to ground in Afghanistan, he couldn't be tracked anywhere.
- Both men went to ground, but one was arrested on January 29 and the other gave himself up a few days later after a failed attempt to get a passport to leave the country.
- He was a businessman who arranged for the four to go to ground in a small flat and there they hid for 1,032 days until the liberation in 1945.
- He said: ‘We are still alert to this offender, but are satisfied that he has gone to ground or moved from the area.’
- The nephew then went on to shoot a local grocery store owner, and then went to ground before being found by police the other day.
- As these verbal hand grenades exploded all around them, the Old Firm strapped on their tin helmets and went to ground.
- He spent some time defending his work, but has since gone to ground as his work has been criticized by more conservative elements.
- Take this week for instance: I've been absent due to illness - and that's what she did - totally went to ground and recovered in private and stuff.
Synonyms hide, hide out, hide oneself, conceal oneself, secrete oneself, shelter, take cover, lie low, go to earth, go underground
Get closer to someone ahead in a race or competition. 追近，赶上 he was forced to make up ground after a bad start and was never able to catch the leader Example sentencesExamples - ‘I put myself in position to make up ground but let it slip,’ he sighed.
- I have been late off the mark, but am making up ground fast.
- It was Austria's Kate Allen, who came out of the water 44th out of 50 competitors, gradually made up ground on the bike and finished with a 34-minute run to win by 6.72 seconds.
- The worry for United is that very soon there will be insufficient days in the Premiership schedule for them to make up ground on Arsenal and Chelsea.
- My mind raced and my pulse quickly made up ground.
- He bobbled coming out of the gate and spent most of the race making up ground before flattening out in the stretch and finishing third.
- The greens are perfect so you can make up ground there.
- He made up ground before the convention, and he made up ground - even moving ahead nationally - during the convention.
- Still, legislators and competitors do hope to make up ground on the program access issue where cable is a bit more vulnerable.
- The only problem is that their traditional supporters will dislike much of it and it won't help the Tories make up ground with the lower middleclass vote that sustained them for a generation.
In a place where real, practical work is done. 在现场，在实地 the troops on the ground are cynical 战地的部队只顾自身的安危。 Example sentencesExamples - The boxes will be distributed on the ground by a Rotary Club near to the disaster area.
- They are the ones who can really drive change on the ground, and make a difference.
- It can then be guided by an operator on the ground with the aid of the live video link to screens on the ground.
- Once he got his boots dirty and spoke to farmers and people on the ground, he was not sure.
- If there was a clear sense of nervousness in the air, it was tangible on the ground.
- These were the people on the ground who checked on the state of our streets and open spaces.
- We may have a political peace process, but on the ground there is still a war psychology.
- He appears to have been caught out by not monitoring what was happening on the ground.
- This has left a policy that is confused in its message, and unworkable on the ground.
In one's own territory or area of knowledge or experience. 在自己熟悉的领域内，在自己的经验范围内 I feel relaxed if I'm interviewed on my own ground 如果访谈内容在我自己熟悉的领域内，我就会相当放松。 Example sentencesExamples - Lewis, whose academic qualifications were first class, challenged intellectuals on their own ground.
- ‘It will be nice to play on our own ground and play friendly matches with other clubs in the area,’ said the club chairman.
- As a fiction writer, you meet those myths on their own ground - the mental space in which memories, traditions, and dreams interact - and you address them in their own language of evocative symbolism.
- There's another factor at work here, a kind of commercial disingenuity that aims to befuddle the listener on his own ground.
- When a tragedy occurs on our own ground, our own territory, we identify with it much more.
- And we are so pleased at being able to stage it on our own ground - the manager thinks it will give us a better chance of causing an upset.
- Learn to analyze rumors in terms of the anxieties or other attitudes that are behind them, then tackle them on their own ground.
- We are going there with their record of not having lost on their own ground and it will be a difficult game.
- There are so many things that I know nothing about, but with emotional stuff like music, I know how to do it, I'm on my own ground.
- It had been an extremely brave move to host the game on their own ground but those officials who made such a bold decision must have been glad they stuck to their guns against many advisers who urged them to play elsewhere.
Make it easier for something to occur or be developed. （为某事的发生或发展）做好准备，铺平道路 these measures prepared the ground for further reform 这些措施为进一步改革铺平了道路。 Example sentencesExamples - They scarcely have time to develop their ideas before they are preparing the ground for their successor.
- In preparing the ground for such a development, an examination of the central lessons of the miners' strike is of vital importance.
- Several developments helped prepare the ground for this achievement.
- It is a means of preparing the ground for enhancing personal development and contributes to partnership between an individual and the employing organisation.
- All the signals are that leading figures in all major parties are preparing the ground for a move the public is unlikely to enjoy: state funding of political parties.
- And there can be few better ways of preparing the ground for that revival than bringing in one of Scotland's finest directors to stage one of theatre's classic political farces.
- In the 1610s and 1620s, the French painters in Rome and Venice, most of them fascinated by Caravaggio, prepared the ground for the future development of French painting.
- While Treasury officials say the chancellor will not update his economic forecast until the pre-budget report in November, he is preparing the ground to revise his predictions downwards.
- To do this he sets out to clear the undergrowth by caricaturing the achievements of the Reformation and trivialising its main points of contention, thus preparing the ground for something really important.
- They claimed that a ‘cloak of secrecy’ has surrounded seven months of clean-up work to prepare the ground for a 148-home development.
1Not retreat or lose one's advantage in the face of opposition. 让步；退却；失去优势 you will be able to hold your ground and resist the enemy's attack 你将能够坚守阵地并抵御敌人的进攻。 I'm proud of standing my ground on many issues Example sentencesExamples - Maybe if I had bitten my lip at 18 and not stood my ground, things could have worked out differently.
- I had to at least hold my ground, or lose all semblance of competency.
- With dogs, I have always stood my ground and was trying to do the equivalent with the goose.
- But they did manage to hold their ground on the key issue of keeping those jobs at home.
- We held our ground for close to an hour, but eventually their sheer numbers caused us to retreat.
- Shoulder to shoulder with any striker, he wants to make sure he will be able to hold his ground.
- The fact that I stood my ground and looked him straight in the eyes reflected his fear back to him.
- He held his ground and removed his glasses to wipe off the dirt, pondering his next move.
- Everybody else has retreated but we have to hold our ground.
- However, he held his ground and concluded his defense with the immortal words ‘Here I stand.’
Synonyms stand firm, be firm, make a stand, be resolute, insist, be determined, show determination, hold on, hold out, be emphatic, not take no for an answer, brook no refusal 2Law
Denoting a law or legal principle that permits a person to use deadly force in self-defence without first trying to retreat. Example sentencesExamples - He is in fact claiming self defense under the Stand Your Ground law.
- Representatives are receiving calls, letters, visits and emails from constituents with diverse opinions on "Stand Your Ground.
- This panel discussion on Stand Your Ground examines whether this law is a justifiable explanation for self-defense or a license to kill innocent people.
- He was grateful the president also advocated taking a closer look at the message sent by "stand your ground laws."
- Some twenty-seven states have Stand Your Ground laws involving justifiable homicide when attacked.
- The trial led to nationwide debate about "stand your ground" laws enacted in several states.
work (or run) oneself into the ground Exhaust oneself by working or running very hard. 工作（或跑）得精疲力竭 they stole the game from us despite my players running themselves into the ground Example sentencesExamples - There's no sense in working ourselves into the ground on this.
- They really worked themselves into the ground and stopped us in our tracks.
- And he said some social workers took things too far, working themselves into the ground and damaging their own health, investigating every possible indication of abuse.
- At home, we have become so defined by money, status and career success that we work ourselves into the ground.
- He said: ‘I was working myself into the ground and not looking after myself.’
- He ran himself into the ground, and collapsed with exhaustion at the end of the game.
- He worked himself into the ground and covered acres during the 70 plus minutes.
- It may be that I've worked myself into the ground during the week, that I didn't get a decent Sabbath rest this weekend, that I can feel illness coming on.
- They played as a unit, every man worked himself into the ground and they were very tough to break down.
- Once that hope had gone, she worked hard for a while and then realised she was running herself into the ground - and for what?
OriginOld English grund, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch grond and German Grund. Rhymesabound, aground, around, astound, bound, compound, confound, dumbfound, expound, found, hound, impound, interwound, mound, pound, profound, propound, redound, round, sound, stoneground, surround, theatre-in-the-round (US theater-in-the-round), underground, wound verbɡraʊndɡraʊnd past and past participle of grind
adjective ɡraʊndɡraʊnd 1attributive Reduced to fine particles by crushing or mincing. 磨碎的；磨细的 孜然粉。 Example sentencesExamples - It involves ground ginger, brown sugar, cloves, water, port and wine.
- This is not always necessary as some butchers sell finely ground mince.
- We like to see the tiny flakes of finely ground pepper in the jelly.
- Remove from the oven, dry on paper towels and then toss them in the cumin, chilli and salt and freshly ground pepper.
- Grainy items, such as ground beef or rice, may irritate the pharynx and cause choking.
- For a milder flavour replace chilli powder with ground paprika.
- Richworth produce a fine ground up trout pellet that is ideal for my purposes.
- The product consisted of finely ground pork spiced with salt, sugar, and other flavourings.
- He offered it lettuce and then mango and then ground pork from the supermarket.
- Pour into each mug, and serve with cinnamon sticks or sprinkle with ground cinnamon.
- Actually consisting of finely ground dates, it contains all the fruits' nutrients and minerals.
- Feed the plant each day for the next 7 days by adding one teaspoon of sugar and one teaspoon of ground ginger.
- Season with salt and freshly ground pepper, add the parsley and stir gently.
- Put in a large bowl and season with sea salt and freshly ground pepper.
- Fold in the ground almonds and baking powder and combine well.
- Place all other ingredients including the ground seeds into the mixing bowl and combine well
- 1.1 Shaped, roughened, or polished by grinding.
打磨成的；磨毛的；磨光的 the thick opaque ground perimeter of the lenses 镜片周围厚厚的不透明的磨边。 Example sentencesExamples - The individual faces are then ground and polished on a lap using diamond powder as an abrasive.
PhrasesExhausted or worn down. 筋疲力尽的，疲惫不堪的；用旧的 why would a competent and effective woman get so ground down? Example sentencesExamples - The early 1880's were characterised by a difficult depression, and workers wages were ground down lower than they had been before the strike wave of 1877.
- It is very sad in a way, because it is such a reflection of the way we tend to get ground down by society.
- The whole city was full of torpid people ground down from extended job hunts, and by August, most folks had just given and were just waiting for after Labor Day to resume the search.
- The Knights began the game the better but Sheffield, just like they had done when beating Batley, started to come back into it after 15 minutes or so, with their forwards trying to ground down the opposition.
- For a lot of pupils and for a lot of teachers they are just ground down by it.
- All three got on the scoresheet and all three were instrumental as they ground down the Cougars’ pack.
- The principal sufferers are the suppliers, and most of her book is spent on the way these farmers, food processors and nurserymen are systematically ground down by the supermarket buyers.
- Even the best, stuck in a hopeless team, will eventually be ground down to despair, a phenomenon well known to some footballers until the league started evening up the competition.
- This is a people who did not elect him, who have been ground down by a decade of deprivation and whose motivations are aimed at food, shelter and the preservation of their lives, rather than toppling their government.
- He never seemed too ground down by office even when he was in the eye of the political storm.
nounɡraʊndɡround 1the groundThe solid surface of the earth. 大地，地面 他躺在地上。 Example sentencesExamples - He froze and lay close to the ground, his entire body choked up with uncontrollable fear.
- Both humans dropped to the ground, and lay stunned for a space of time barely measurable.
- She slumped down to the ground, laying on her side, and tried not to move too much.
- In spring you kill the vetch by simply cutting it close to the ground, and then lay it in place on the beds.
- The new law keeps finds together as they were originally laid in the ground.
- Her fast footwork was accentuated by her bent knees, which kept her body close to the ground.
- You know, most accidents occur in and around airports when you're close to the ground.
- The grave had clearly not been touched since the day she was laid in the ground - probably some time in the late 800s.
- Together, they soared over the fence, and landed with a muddy squelch onto the ground.
- On the ground nearby lay a picture, a knight in shining armor drawn carefully in crayon.
- I crumpled to the ground where I lay muttering to myself about all the things I did wrong in my life.
- Eventually my head started to slowly gravitate toward the ground as my eyes closed.
- The coum has a very short flower, with leaves that sit on the surface of the ground.
- On one hand, helicopters are more maneuverable over a target and can get closer to the ground.
- He lay down in the exact center of the circle, keeping close to the ground in order to escape the heat.
- The crocuses are above ground in the garden and the birds are singing with all their beautiful hearts.
- Light rails are too buslike to impress most commuters, too squished and close to the ground.
- Because the train was so small, and we were so close to the ground, and we were straddling the train, it felt like we were going fast.
- They also burrow and lay their eggs in the ground, helping to maintain healthy soil structure.
Synonyms floor, earth, terra firma - 1.1 A limited or defined extent of the earth's surface; land.
（有界限的）地皮；土地 an adjoining area of ground had been purchased 邻近一片地被人买下了。 Example sentencesExamples - That this road was atop a ridge equally suggests its origin at a time when lower ground, to the east, was marshy and impassable.
- On the way it swept through 1,500 acres of ground, including 600 acres of regenerating forest.
- Grass surpluses have developed on grazing ground on many farms at present following recent good growth.
- He stood by the small patch of ground that was usually their garden for the year and watched the sun come up.
- While in the air, he watched as a tractor pulling a plow cut a dark line of earth across an expanse of ground.
- In 1757, he leased a back house and some ground adjoining his premises on Cork Hill.
- The new school will be built on 26 acres of ground specially set aside for the purpose in Garcia Street.
- Your lawn is only a small piece of land, but all the lawns across the country cover a lot of ground.
- It means the amount of water needed to cover an acre of ground to the depth of one foot.
- 1.2 Land of a specified kind.
（特定种类的）地，土地 my feet squelched over marshy ground 我的脚踩在泥泞的沼泽地上吱吱作响。 Example sentencesExamples - One landed with a smash into the rocky ground, lodging his feet deep underneath the surface.
- Suppose the ball lands not on level ground, but deep in the stands or off a facade.
- I did a lot of individual work with her, which in many ways was like trying to break in a piece of clay ground for farming.
- He grabbed her and they fell together on the soft ground surrounding the fountain in the center of the court yard.
- We are buried in holy ground, he says, because we come from earth and return there.
- These birds take refuge in hedges and wooded areas and at dusk fly out to feed in marshy ground.
- The dirt and concrete ground was slick from a recent rain and was littered with garbage.
- Houses included piled structures with stone hearths set in marshy ground.
- Sandy soils have higher albedos than clays; dry ground has a higher albedo than damp.
- The ceremony had to be held on bare ground: the earth connection was essential.
- She landed in the moist ground, sobbing, and wishing that the car would turn around.
- On sloping ground, soil can slip downwards at an imperceptibly slow rate by a process known as lateral creep.
- Just before a cottage, go right at a green marker-post and follow a path across marshy ground to a gate in the fence to your right.
- That gave their heavy stone foundations time to settle into the porous clay ground.
- Cross marshy ground to a cairn, and after 300 yards you will reach the trig point on top of Auchineden Hill.
Synonyms earth, soil, topsoil, dirt, clay, loam, turf, clod, mould, sod, dust - 1.3as modifier (in aviation) relating to the ground rather than the air (with particular reference to the maintenance and servicing of an aircraft on the ground)
（航空用语）地面的，地勤的（尤指飞机在地面的维修保养） 地勤人员。 Example sentencesExamples - It was an emotional event as the veterans, most of whom either served at the airfield as pilots or ground staff, met for the first time in years.
- Investors are increasingly nervous about the potential impact of a strike threat by the carrier's ground staff.
- Industrial chaos at Stansted Airport and others across the country has been averted after ground staff accepted a pay deal.
- The ground staff are flat out; it's past midnight here and there are dozens of planes left to unload.
- The stoppage held by ground staff and crews was in opposition to a restructuring plan.
- Efforts were also made to use radiotelegraph and radiotelephone between aircraft and ground headquarters.
- The company provides ground services, including baggage handling.
- He also instructed the ground support crews to check each pilot to make sure that they had a weak link.
- The majority of job losses will be at Stansted Airport where ground handling and sales staff are based.
- This dispute also involves ground service staff and check-in agents as well as load controllers.
- The spokesman said all passengers who took part in the survey praised its friendly ground staff.
- Suddenly things got busy around the aircraft and I asked our ground maintenance what was going on.
- He says the agreement covered pilots and cabin crew, terminal services and other ground staff.
- 1.4as modifier Living or growing on or close to the ground.
Example sentencesExamples - I munch a mushroom, then strip a spiny ground herb to yield a mouthful of sweet white pith.
- A rare ground orchid Disperis neilgherrensis has blooms that are striking beyond belief.
- The presence of shrubs and ground plants in the flatwoods depends on the frequency of fire.
- Most of the ground lichen pastures are found in the northern herding districts.
- The ground flora in the oak woods ranges from areas of bilberry through grassy swards to rich moss carpets and small alder flushes.
2groundsAn area of land or sea used for a specified purpose. （作为特定用途的）场地，场 shore dumping can pollute fishing grounds and beaches 在海边倾倒废物会污染渔场和海滩。 Example sentencesExamples - Do you think anyone will mention the huge factory ships into which foreign trawlers empty their catch before turning round to quickly return to the fishing grounds?
- A fund insider confirmed that the policy has been to ask for the grants to be repaid if football grounds were developed for non-football purposes.
- The move was designed to relieve people of the squalid living conditions, as well as to grant better access to hunting and fishing grounds.
- What's more, although an argument is made based on the area being part of Taiwan's traditional fishing grounds, that argument is given little space.
- With its island scenery and fishing grounds, Zhoushan aims to transform itself into a yachting centre for Shanghai.
- It was fashionable in the 1990s to celebrate community resource management as a solution to depletion of fishing grounds.
- In the 1760s, a few families from New England and Northern Ireland were attracted to the area by the rich fishing grounds.
- The fields will again become killing grounds and the skies will be turned into shooting galleries.
- There was a sense of urgency today as cleanup workers tried to head off oil slicks before they reached Spanish beaches and the fishing grounds.
- Tragically, only three purpose built football grounds remain as AFL venues.
- Despite a brave effort the footballers finished up with no silver ware but the Development Committee made huge strides with the development of the new playing grounds.
- The remaining birds, whether on the breeding or wintering grounds, mostly inhabit public or undeveloped beaches.
- The Barents Sea, north of Norway and Russia, is one of the world's richest fishing grounds, accounting for half the global cod catch.
- Many of the moves our family made when I was growing up were not done for occupational reasons, but in search of better fishing grounds.
- The abundant phytoplankton are a major food source for high levels of marine life that make the area one of the richest fishing grounds in the world, he said.
- On January 27, 1974 the Gaul left Hull for the fishing grounds in the North Cape area.
- For a number of years countries like the Cook Islands had ignored their own fishing resources and invited other nations to harvest its fishing grounds, he said.
- The problem is the rise of global markets to satisfy the demands of people remote from the fishing grounds.
- Yet traffic across the fishing grounds could be disruptive, and a spillage in the waters that circulate closer to the islands disastrous.
- The site is well clear of fishing and trawling grounds and one which complies with the Queensland Environmental Protection Agency rules.
- 2.1grounds An area of enclosed land surrounding a large house or other building.
（建筑物周围的）场地，庭园 the house stands in seven acres of grounds 房子伫立在七英亩的庭园之中。 Example sentencesExamples - Specifically, the community wants a major expansion to the airport terminal building and surrounding grounds, including a small parking lot.
- This turned out to be a very corporate looking boardroom crammed full with swivel chairs - a far cry from the acres and acres of the lush green grounds surrounding the manor.
- A big selling point will be the extensive grounds that surround the house.
- A large public park will be included in the 500-acre grounds of Abbotstown House.
- People are barred from transporting directly into the building or the grounds surrounding - it is a security hazard.
- The property has spacious grounds and is surrounded by mature trees.
- Set in 3,500 acres of woodland grounds, it has lots of beautiful walks as well as a nine-hole golf course, an all-weather tennis court and a croquet lawn.
- A patrol gathered before a grand old manor house on the grounds.
- Before that it operated from a mobile building in the school grounds but that land had to be sold off and the pre-school moved inside the school.
- Controversial plans for a five-bedroom house in the grounds of a listed Broadway building have been approved - despite opposition from neighbours.
- By 11: 00 P.M. the entire house and the grounds surrounding it were packed with people.
- The building, the grounds and surrounding area are untidy.
- When the club moved to its present grounds in the 1930s, large trees were cleared by the local cricket team from the centre of what was at the time the private grounds of Manor House.
- During their weeding and cleaning the pupils also learned much about the horticulture of the grounds surrounding the church buildings.
- Set in nearly six acres of grounds, the nine-bedroom house boasts a leisure annexe, with indoor swimming pool and games room, a vaulted wine cellar, and billiard room.
- The grounds which surround this house have been immaculately kept and are not overlooked in any way.
- Diana had to smile at the notion that the vast grounds surrounding the house could be considered a ‘yard’.
- In contrast to the grounds surrounding the house, this area had been neatly trimmed and landscaped.
- The building stands in six acres of grounds, offering play areas for children as well as conference facilities.
- Plans to build 35 houses in the grounds of a former school in a conservation area are likely to go ahead despite objections from residents.
Synonyms estate, gardens, lawns, park, parkland, land, acres, property, surroundings, domain, holding, territory
3An area of knowledge or subject of discussion or thought. （知识、讨论或思考的）范围，领域 third-year courses typically cover less ground and go into more depth 三年级的课程通常涉及的领域较少但更深入。 he shifted the argument onto theoretical grounds of his own choosing 他将论点转移到自己选择的理论领域。 Example sentencesExamples - This seems to be part of a larger trend in which Jews and Christians are finding areas of common ground.
- Certainly she believes the process is moving onto dangerous ground.
- We had begun to drift apart, but my beating had brought us back onto common ground.
- However, councillors in the county have failed to reach any sort of common ground on the issue.
- This is a huge subject that covers much ground and will see a good many proposals.
- Any book on European integration which aims to be at all comparative is bound to cover a lot of ground, both theoretical and practical.
- India always offers fertile ground for argument, but there is much to agree upon in the rest of the book.
- Despite differences in sound they were able to find common ground on deeper issues.
- There's probably a lot of common ground between those two themes.
4groundsFactors forming a basis for action or the justification for a belief. 理由，根据 there are some grounds for optimism 有一些乐观的理由。 they called for a retrial on the grounds of the new evidence 他们以有新证据为由提请再审。 Example sentencesExamples - That may give them grounds for a constitutional challenge on the grounds of equality and of guarantees not to endow any religion.
- The police did not have an honest belief in the grounds for his arrest.
- Zero tolerance is commonly justified on the grounds of children's safety.
- I wonder if there are some solid legal grounds on which I could sue them?
- To me this seems highly implausible on both notational and musical grounds.
- Fostering hatred or advocating violence to further a set of beliefs will become grounds for deportation.
- This case is the one encountered herein, and therefore the method used to code the outgroup stands on solid theoretical grounds.
- On our side we have very, very solid legal grounds.
- One of Nietzsche's prime targets in this respect is Kant who, like a good modernist, attempted to give, as far as is possible, rational grounds for our ordinary beliefs and for morality.
- Their objective isn't to change people's beliefs, but to provide good grounds for belief.
- There is no need for the officer to show reasonable grounds for his belief that the powers are needed.
- However, interest-based financing systems can neither be justified on the grounds of efficiency nor on the basis of economic justice.
- Some independent observers see grounds to question the sell-offs.
- This group continues to make assertions without grounds or substantive proof.
- But amid the huge attention given to the poor performance of the main opposition parties, there are factors that give grounds for real concern.
- The evidential burden for restraining property is even lower - all the government needs is ‘reasonable grounds for belief’.
- It has been resisted on two substantial grounds.
- But in a case such as the present where the bad faith of the plaintiff is not alleged, I can see no basis for the implication of a representation of reasonable grounds for belief.
- Is such a policy justified on the grounds of protecting choice when these schools exclude most children because of the size of the fees they charge?
- I see no grounds for reducing the basis of the award of costs in favour of the claimants.
Synonyms reason, cause, basis, base, foundation, justification, rationale, argument, premise, occasion, factor, excuse, pretext, motive, motivation, inducement 5Art
A prepared surface to which paint is applied. 〔主艺术〕底子，底色 Example sentencesExamples - They are rendered in grisaille on a gray ground bordered by a gold strapwork design.
- All of the images are on white grounds, with the gesso petering out as it reaches the edges of the canvas.
- To create his paintings, he stencils wide bands and squares of colorful enamel paint over bright acrylic grounds.
- These new paintings are mostly organized around nearly straight brushstrokes executed on grounds made of broader, looser applications of paint.
- Lashing skeins of clear acrylic medium course through wiped grounds, in a family of pinks ranging from alizarin to rust, of oceanic vastness.
- 5.1 A substance used to prepare a surface for painting.
绘画打底用材料 Example sentencesExamples - His new work recalls his beginnings, but with broader lines, more intense colors and richer, more complex grounds.
- Virtually all the paintings have black grounds (visible between the disc shapes) that make them appear to be set at night.
- A number of the paintings that follow have ominously dark grounds appropriate to the seriousness of intent.
- Alkyd and acrylic primers, pigmented with titanium white, have largely replaced white lead in oil as grounds for oil painting.
- These works are delicate and loose, with washy grounds and linear accents, bits of cross-hatching and curving organic shapes.
- We should probably not assume that his changes in technique - the turn away from the live model, the shift in pigments and grounds - were determined by haste and flight.
- 5.2 (in embroidery or ceramics) a plain surface to which decoration is applied.
（刺绣或制陶用语）底坯 - 5.3 A piece of wood fixed to a wall as a base for boards, plaster, or woodwork.
（用以在墙上安装木板、细木工制品或上泥灰的）底板，底衬
6groundsSolid particles, especially of ground coffee, that form a residue; sediment. （尤指咖啡的）渣滓；沉淀物 Example sentencesExamples - I spilled some coffee grounds on the floor today.
- Some gardeners swear that coffee grounds will even keep slugs away from ultra-vulnerable hosta plants.
- The effect is lyrics that sound like poems strained through post-modern coffee grounds, full of jolt and flavour.
- A recent addition to their archives is a plastic sheeting made with recycled coffee grounds.
- Once or twice a year, give your holly a treat: an inch-deep mulch layer of used coffee grounds.
- I would have to say that coffee grounds are the worst smell in the world, worse even than my dog's feet.
- One way to do that is to mulch around the tree, at least in the first few years, with two or three inches of used coffee grounds.
- Most of the coffee in it was the residue from the coffee grounds, but he didn't care.
- Coffee grounds are often used around plants to repel snails.
- After four minutes, you press the plunger to force the coffee grounds to the bottom; they're trapped by a wire mesh.
- So far so good, but I haven't won that bag of delicious coffee grounds yet.
- I knew something was up when I passed a table littered with tools, covered in coffee grounds, and bearing a shop vac.
- Coffee grounds, vegetable waste, eggshells, fruit scraps and leaves are just a few examples of what can go into a compost pile.
- Another tip is to use coffee grounds to exfoliate - the caffeine will be absorbed thru your skin and it'll increase the circulation in your face.
- After he put the coffee grounds in the coffee maker he glanced at me and took the pancakes from my hand with a muttered ‘Thanks.’
- Are used coffee grounds good for your garden and flower beds?
- It was indeed watery, and I could see some dark coffee grounds floating at the bottom of my cup.
- My habit with the coffee is I put a cinnamon stick in the filter with the grounds so my coffee tastes cinnamon-like.
- With trembling hands, she shook the coffee grounds into the filter.
- Turkish coffee requires that you leave the coffee grounds to settle in the bottom of the cup.
Synonyms sediment, precipitate, settlings, dregs, lees, deposit, residue, sludge 7North American Electrical connection of a circuit or conductor to the earth. 〈北美〉接地；接地装置，地线。见EARTH （义项3） 8Music
short for ground bass
verbɡraʊndɡround [with object]1Prohibit or prevent (a pilot or an aircraft) from flying. 禁止（飞行员或飞机）飞行；使停飞 a bitter wind blew from the northeast and the bombers were grounded 寒风从东北方刮来，轰炸机无法起飞。 Example sentencesExamples - Some flights to the US could be grounded after the airline pilots' union called on its members not to fly with armed sky marshals on board.
- If we can't ground an aircraft that's in Europe and not flying much, we might as well give up.
- He said the airline has grounded the pilot with pay while executives investigate the incident.
- Our local aeronautic genius and his resurrected aircraft remain grounded by today's tough aviation standards, but he's still aiming high.
- I found out that wasn't possible; all planes have been grounded and we were stuck for five more days in Italy.
- If so, the pilot is grounded temporarily until he completes the physical.
- But their disappointment turned to rage when a tannoy announcement revealed that the flight had had to be grounded because the aircraft hadn't got diplomatic clearance to land in Mexico.
- It was feared that the aircraft would be grounded after EU regulations put it in the weight category of an airliner, increasing its insurance five-fold.
- The pilot should be grounded for such crazy antics.
- British Airways said it anticipated ‘quite a number of disrupted and cancelled flights’ and other carriers said aircraft would be grounded.
- The move comes three weeks after the airline was forced to ground its aircraft in a row over leasing payments.
- If there are any doubts at all then the model or pilot is grounded.
- The pilots had earlier picketed the roundabout at the entrance to the airport as the company's board met to decide whether aircraft should be grounded on Sunday.
- Last year all 291 Sea Knights in US service were grounded after a crack was discovered in a rotor blade in one of them.
- Due to back orders of the test sets caused by high usage rates, four aircraft were grounded.
- We grounded crop-dusting aircraft for a couple of days.
- After several years of highly expensive flight training, he ‘failed to accomplish’ his flight medical exam, grounding himself as a pilot.
- Strong winds grounded firefighting aircraft and drove the fires toward the resort towns in the mountains.
- He had been praised for a mission where he rescued injured youngsters in atrocious flying conditions which had grounded every other aircraft.
- Along with bankrupt airlines cutting their fleets, other airlines are also grounding inefficient aircraft, as well.
Synonyms prevent from flying, keep on the ground - 1.1informal (of a parent) refuse to allow (a child) to go out socially as a punishment.
〈非正式，主北美〉（父母）罚（孩子）不准外出社交 he was grounded for hitting her on the head Example sentencesExamples - The social ostracism extends to grounding the child or even making him go to bed early.
- It means all you care about is grounding me whenever I do something you think is wrong.
- Well, I'll explain it further later, but the shorter version is that I'm grounded.
- They suspended her for two weeks and her parents grounded her for a whole month.
- Being grounded by your parents will be treated as an unexcused absence.
- I disobeyed this rule once, and was found out - the only time in my life I was ever grounded.
- If Theo wanted independence, Henry grounded him.
- I was kicked out of the altar serving program and I was grounded by my parents for a good month.
- Something in me fired up, and I was almost glad that my parents had grounded me.
- I grounded him and stopped his spends - I did everything I could possibly do.
- Fine, but this better be good, or else I'm grounding you for a month.
- ‘I want you to call them now or you're going to be grounded the whole time you're at the beach,’ Mom said.
- My dad grounded me for a month when he'd found out.
- He was grounded, so he couldn't skateboard at Chris's.
- Since the bridge incident, his mother had grounded him and made him work at home painting and gardening.
- She grounded me, and told me I had to come over and apologise.
- His parents grounded him and sought therapy for him.
- They'll solve that problem quickly enough by coming home a bit later this morning and finding the house a mess and grounding him for the next year.
- You're not grounded, you're not busted, and you're not chained to a desk in class.
- He knew that I was grounded about three times a week for the lamest stuff but he always tried to get me to do things with him anyway.
2(with reference to a ship) run or go aground. rather than be blown up, Muller grounded his ship on a coral reef and surrendered 马勒没有被炸死，而是将船在一座珊瑚礁上搁浅后投降了。 the larger ships grounded on the riverbed at low tide 大船退潮时搁浅在河床上。 Example sentencesExamples - Initially it seems that the ship is grounded as solidly as a breakwater, but after a while the creaks and groans are evidence of movement, however slight this may be.
- In 1770 the ship grounded on the Great Barrier Reef, and after frantic efforts to save the ship, it was beached and repaired over the course of several weeks before resuming her voyage.
- If river levels sink too low, barges could be grounded and agriculture thrown into chaos.
- But too late; before they could do anything, the ship grounded on Dutchman's Bank, about two miles from Puffin Island.
- Kirkwall lifeboat and the ferry Eynhallow went to the aid of a boat that grounded on Wyre skerry on Saturday.
- The boat grounded, and although two tugs were requisitioned they failed to move her.
- Yesterday, salvors were also hard at work on the cargo ship Sagitarius, which is grounded on the rocks off Leaches Bay.
Synonyms run aground, become stranded, run ashore, beach, become beached, land, be high and dry 3usually be grounded inGive (something abstract) a firm theoretical or practical basis. 使（抽象事物）建立在牢固的理论（或实践）基础上 the study of history must be grounded in a thorough knowledge of the past 历史研究必须建立在对过去全面了解的基础之上。 Example sentencesExamples - No matter how outlandish and farcical some of the events become everything remains firmly grounded in a sense of reality.
- His vision of what was possible is obviously grounded in reality he'd experienced elsewhere.
- His tunes were still pretty, his riffs still grounded in classic guitar rock.
- The music is soulful while being grounded in the aesthetic and working practices of jazz.
- Some are grounded in the needs of those selling the technology.
- Its function is not disembodied or abstracted from the socio-cultural, but grounded in it.
- The explanation is grounded in the notion that natural laws are the principle of a natural activity that constitutes a myth.
- A duly constituted tribunal would be firmly grounded in a core democratic value: the rule of law.
- Much of contemporary architectural thinking is grounded in a polemic against modernism and even classicism.
- Some may say that this is rather ethereal, and not grounded in precise observation or description.
- Like most approaches grounded in irrationality, this one hasn't worked either.
- Why should this portrait in particular be grounded in this reality?
- That's lesson number two in the school of love; true love is always to be grounded in knowledge.
- This policy must be grounded in the examination of independent metrics and is not viable without this rigor.
- The law is not just a formal dispute resolution system but something which is grounded in morality.
- If judgment means anything, it has to be grounded in at least a minimum amount of knowledge.
- Their evangelism has no hope of success, because it is not grounded in the reality of what a university has to be to function.
- After all, his career path during the 1960s was firmly grounded in academia.
- The brilliant synthesis was grounded in his own practical experience.
- This radical political practice was grounded in an equally radical theology.
Synonyms base, found, establish, set, settle, root, build, construct, form - 3.1 Instruct (someone) thoroughly in a subject.
（在某学科上）给…以扎实的基础教育 they were grounded in the classics, in history, and in literature Synonyms instruct, coach, tutor, educate, school, train, upskill, drill, prime, prepare
4Place or lay (something) on the ground or hit the ground with it. 把…放在地上；以…触地 he was penalized two strokes for grounding his club in a bunker 由于在一障碍处球杆触地，他被罚两杆。 Example sentencesExamples - The irony is that he would have been two strokes better off had he not been penalised for grounding his club in a bunker during Thursday's first round.
- The Wasps played probably their best stuff of the season and crossed the try-line four times, only to see one try disallowed for a forward pass and two more ruled out for not grounding the ball.
- However replays showed his foot went into touch as he grounded the ball.
- However, he made no attempt to ground the ball and ran touch in goal for what should have been a certain try.
- Trapped behind their own 22 for longer than desired, Carlow were only recovering from that blow when the ball was grounded behind their line in less than two minutes.
5North American Connect (an electrical device) with the ground. 〈北美〉把（电器）接地 Example sentencesExamples - The third prong is there because the appliance must be grounded to avoid electric shock.
- The spark plugs must be grounded to complete the electrical circuit.
- The part to be finished is electrically grounded.
- He sensed that a patient had excess energy, so he grounded the patient's big toe to a drainpipe with copper wire, and - lo and behold - it worked!
- And since this pipe extended a considerable distance below ground, it served as an adequate basis for grounding the entire electrical system.
- The method further includes contacting the second metallization layer with a conductive liquid that is electrically grounded.
- If I'm riding my bike during a lightning storm, will the tires keep me grounded?
- Rather than attempt a comprehensive overview, I restrict myself to some observations on the different kinds of grounding devices.
6Baseball
no object (of a batter) hit a pitched ball so that it bounces on the ground. Example sentencesExamples - On his next pitch, he grounded into a triple play to end the inning.
- But Young swung at the first pitch anyway, grounding into a double play.
- He homered in the first game of the Divisional Series against the Giants, but he also grounded into a double-play to end the ballgame while representing the tying run.
- He grounded to first baseman Tino Martinez, ending the game.
- The next batter grounded into a force to end the inning.
- 6.1ground out (of a batter) be put out by hitting a ball on the ground to a fielder who throws it to or touches first base before the batter touches that base.
〔棒球〕（击球员）击出内场地滚球被杀出局 he grounded out to shortstop 他击出内场地滚球后被封杀至游击手位置。
Phrasesbe thick (or thin) on the ground Existing (or not existing) in large numbers or amounts. 为数众多（或为数不多） new textbooks on particle physics are thin on the ground 粒子物理学的新教材为数不多。 Example sentencesExamples - They probably exist, but they're not exactly thick on the ground.
- They say the streets are becoming no-go areas at night, with yobs causing mayhem and police already too thin on the ground to tackle the problem.
- Sympathy for what he himself has overcome since last August is strangely thin on the ground.
- Good pharmaceutical investments are thin on the ground.
- This is the trouble when your favourite author's dead; I've read everything and his current output is pretty thin on the ground.
- As you can see, my sympathies were thin on the ground.
- Others argue that allied troops are too thin on the ground to make any difference.
- These people are quite exceptionally brave, but are still very thin on the ground.
- Parents however were thin on the ground except for the usual dedicated few.
- No wonder public support is so thin on the ground.
Synonyms rare, few and far between, scarce, seldom found, seldom seen
1Do preparatory digging or other work prior to building or planting something. 翻土，犁地；破土，动工 Example sentencesExamples - So, in October 1981, the administration broke ground for the highway, and it was completed two years and nine months later.
- He said the project broke ground in August of 1997 but was halted later, victim of the depressed financial crisis in Southeast Asia.
- Construction crews broke ground last week on the long-awaited skateboard facility at Shaw Millennium Park.
- I never felt so good as we broke ground as I did that day, knowing that we were moving forward, even if only a slight amount.
- The chain opened five hotels in the two months and also broke ground on 12 more.
- Before breaking ground, he is also holding out for a law that would allow the enforcement of gaming debts, but the government is still drafting that legislation.
- Five years ago, developers broke ground for River Station in the same area, and the first of some 360 new condos sold at prices twice as high as had been predicted.
- Either he spoke at your school or broke ground for your office building, or you met him when he was running for mayor of Calgary or you saw him speak when he was lieutenant-governor.
- The number of housing projects builders broke ground on in January declined by the largest amount in nearly a year as bad winter weather played havoc with construction activity.
- Long before the first shovel breaks ground, your organization will need to make a commitment to the importance of adopting a green approach to the future development of the facility.
2Do something innovative and beneficial. it broke ground by holding a national convention to select its candidates last year Example sentencesExamples - In fact, he is breaking ground in two ways in 2001: his first-ever remount and also the first new play in which he revisits characters from an earlier work.
- While it broke ground by merging political and social issues with blistering, tribal-influenced metal, the group was never an overtly spiritual or introspective band.
- He plays a local lawyer who takes on a female coal miner's case of sexual harassment and breaks ground by filing the first class action lawsuit of its kind.
- We're all pioneers, breaking ground, changing people's minds about what the Latino image is.
- Of course, of course, and it wasn't until after - then people said, ‘Oh, you broke ground.’
- Although most media ignored the rally and none of the baked goods managed to sell, he maintains that events like this one show the promise of breaking ground and making gains for Alberta students.
- It breaks ground and you'll still want to listen to it in five years, even after the fad of pop electronica wears off.
- The new bill also breaks ground in the regulation of comparative advertising.
- Author Sara Paretsky broke ground in contemporary mystery writing with the 1982 debut of V.I. Warshawski, a tough-talking, hard-boiled and independent female detective.
- But he broke ground, as he did in every aspect of the museum, when he converted to for-profit status.
break new (or fresh) ground Do something innovative that is considered an advance or positive benefit. 开辟新天地，创新 Example sentencesExamples - The Guidance breaks new ground by establishing six disclosure principles and a five-part disclosure framework of recommended disclosure practices.
- Many of these advertisements broke new ground and initiated a completely fresh style in British commercial art.
- As for this year, the US Open is breaking new ground in more ways than one.
- Aviation security is breaking new ground and those beginning this training now will be among the pioneers who set policy in this emerging field.
- With their combined reach and complementary services, these two great institutions will break new ground in informing and entertaining people.
- Special consideration will be given to psychological research that breaks new ground or creates significant new understandings that facilitate children's and youths' development or functioning.
- Michelangelo, Raphael, Titian and others broke new ground by introducing the human figure, naturalistically depicted, into their paintings.
- In 1901, the hotel also broke new ground with the introduction of the first automatic telephone equipment in Shanghai.
- This innovative method plainly breaks new ground.
- Tonight, we introduce you to a high school senior who broke new ground in the field of astronomy, surpassing even seasoned professionals in astronomy.
cut the ground from under someone's feet Do something that leaves someone without a reason or justification for their actions or opinions. 使（某人）的行为无正当理由，使（某人）的观点无据可依 Example sentencesExamples - The Olympics, though, cut the ground from under his feet.
- Perhaps even more disturbing for him, he half-wittingly joined in the assault, cutting the ground from under his feet.
- Eventually the ideology that has won the support of the majority will prevail and cut the ground from under the tyrant's feet.
informal Completely or complete. 〈非正式〉完全（或彻底）地；完全（或彻底）的 they needed to learn the business from the ground up 他们需要彻底地重新考虑他们的学说。 Example sentencesExamples - I washed cars during summer and holiday vacations and learned the business from the ground up.
- There is only one way to do this: together, we must build from the ground up.
- My family believes in hard work and learning the business from the ground up.
- The experience, he says, taught him to look at a business from the ground up, not the other way round.
- Too few are willing to pay their dues and learn the business from the ground up.
- Build your business model from the ground up and sense-check it from the top down.
- We are presented with a glorious opportunity to remake our legal system from the ground up, and I suggest we take it by the ears and run with it.
- Novices, however, may spend one to two hours learning the skills from the ground up.
- I had to build the whole navigational structure again from the ground up.
- So I was going to school full time and working full time and learning the industry from the ground up.
Become more popular or accepted. 越来越得人心，越来越为人们所接受 new moral attitudes are gaining ground 新的道德观越来越为人们所接受。 Example sentencesExamples - Nevertheless, foreign influences upon traditional normative structures in developing countries gained ground with increasing momentum.
- Once this perception gains ground then it may not be too long before the consumer spending and borrowing boom returns to previous highs.
- It's been on the periphery of society since then, but now it gains ground with the arrival of political parties who spread lies and fear.
- So the neo-con label might not fit but certainly there are signs in a number of areas of Europe that a more radical approach to foreign policy could gain ground on the left.
- At the turn of the century a political and social movement called Progressivism was gaining ground in this country.
- But with British newspapers increasingly gaining ground here, that tradition may be changing.
- If the progressive agenda is to gain ground we do not have the luxury to be tribal in our approach.
- The popularity of observing a special Mothers' Day, which has been an American vogue for many years, would appear to be gaining ground on this side of the Atlantic.
- Bulgaria is slowly gaining ground on the French tourist market as more travel operators feature the country as a destination in their holiday portfolios.
- Grass-roots campaigns, such as a move for free prescriptions, have been gaining ground.
Synonyms make headway, make progress, make strides, progress, advance, proceed, move, get on, get ahead, come on, come along
Get closer to someone or something one is pursuing or with whom one is competing. 逼近，追上（追赶对象，竞争对手） the dollar gained ground on all other major currencies 美元对所有其他主要货币的汇率有所上升。 Example sentencesExamples - ‘It is a bonus just to have survived, but to realise I'm gaining ground on the leader means I am very much in the race,’ she said.
- The race looks to be a close and competitive as ever, as we are aiming to gain ground on the few boats ahead of us, while keeping those behind just there.
- The woman behind me in the black car pulled out of a ranch driveway awhile back; she is gaining ground on me.
- It does so because it believes that recessions are a great time to gain ground on the competition.
- Votes go up and down across all classes, with Labour recently gaining ground on all fronts.
- In California, firefighters are gaining ground on a wildfire there that has burned more than 3,000 acres.
- Favorable weather is helping firefighters gain ground on a ferocious wildfire in Southern California.
- If there was a chance for the men's hockey team to gain ground on a playoff spot, it came twofold last weekend.
- Fire officials hoped cooler weather and diminished winds in the next few days would help crews gain ground on the blazes.
- He expects it to gain ground on rivals and hopes that this will marginalise his critics.
Start or cause to start happening or functioning successfully. （使）顺利开始；（使）起作用 he doesn't appreciate the steps he must take to get the negotiations off the ground 他不喜欢自己为使谈判得以开始而不得不采取的那些步骤。 Example sentencesExamples - At recent meetings held in these areas I have been lobbied very strongly regarding this issue because of delays caused by planning in getting projects off the ground.
- The grant was allocated by the Department of Enterprise Trade and Employment and will be a major help in getting the project off the ground.
- The guild is very proud to have played their part in getting the project off the ground by doing a survey of the people in the area needing transport.
- There was a long period of time when he had a lot of projects fall through and had a lot of difficulties getting a project off the ground.
- I have invested a lot of time and energy in getting this project off the ground and it will have massive benefits for the town and indeed for the county.
- To get her nonprofit organization off the ground, she dipped into savings for a condo she planned to buy.
- I have moneymaking ideas by the synapse-load, yet I lack the business sense and initiative to get them off the ground.
- Most scientists have a lot more trouble getting their projects off the ground.
- That might take the form of setting up a business or a non-profit entity or social enterprise, or it might be anyone who wants to get an idea off the ground within an organisation.
- He said: ‘There has been a real sense of community spirit in getting this project off the ground and we would like to thank all those who are helping us.’
Synonyms get going, get under way, begin, start, start off, go ahead set in motion, get under way, get going, start, begin, activate, institute, initiate, launch, get in operation, get functioning, get working
Retreat or lose one's advantage during a conflict or competition. 让步；退却；失去优势 he refused to give ground on this issue 他拒绝在这一问题上让步。 Example sentencesExamples - That's one reason that it has been losing ground to its competitors, as drivers shop around.
- Meanwhile, further one-day walkouts in London over cost-of-living allowances could be staged if the Government refuses to give ground.
- But Europe's main paymaster made clear that Britain must give ground.
- I've kept on going, refused to change or give ground, but that didn't keep the world from changing.
- The dollar lost ground on the foreign exchange markets in the light of the news, however.
- After dominating the mobile phone market for years, it lost ground last year to competitors.
- With feelings still running high in the wake of the collapse of the European summit last month, after a public bust-up between Britain and France, Paris is refusing to give ground.
- Any delay in addressing this opportunity is likely to mean losing ground to the competition.
- King Louis had already dispatched three legions of capable soldiers to defend the garrisons, but the forces of the Dungeon Overlords doggedly refused to give ground.
- Warriors who had surged forward into the slaughter atop the fort's walls felt the drive of those behind falter, and suddenly they were giving ground themselves, falling back and fighting only in self-defense as they retreated.
1(of a fox or other animal) enter its earth or burrow. （狐狸等）钻入地穴 Example sentencesExamples - Quite frequently, instead of being caught by the hounds, the fox will go to ground, typically in a fox earth.
- In the U.S. hounds are trained to pursue the fox until it goes to ground (finds cover in one of its holes).
- For instance practices like digging up foxes that have gone to ground and blocking exit holes should not be allowed.
- Before a ‘normal’ hunt, terrier men block all holes in the area before the hunt arrives and then follow in vans to dig out any fox which goes to ground or send in the terriers to drive the fox out again.
- 1.1(of a person) hide or become inaccessible, especially for a long time.
〈喻〉（尤指长时间地）潜伏，躲藏；退隐 he had gone to ground following the presidential coup 推翻总统的政变后他便退隐了。 Example sentencesExamples - As these verbal hand grenades exploded all around them, the Old Firm strapped on their tin helmets and went to ground.
- He spent some time defending his work, but has since gone to ground as his work has been criticized by more conservative elements.
- He went to ground after he was sacked from his £250,000 job and has not spoken publicly about the allegations.
- He was a businessman who arranged for the four to go to ground in a small flat and there they hid for 1,032 days until the liberation in 1945.
- He said: ‘We are still alert to this offender, but are satisfied that he has gone to ground or moved from the area.’
- Take this week for instance: I've been absent due to illness - and that's what she did - totally went to ground and recovered in private and stuff.
- Last week, he went to ground in the Alps in advance of Wednesday's crucial meeting with the British Olympic Association and the results of the second test that could seal his fate.
- Both men went to ground, but one was arrested on January 29 and the other gave himself up a few days later after a failed attempt to get a passport to leave the country.
- The nephew then went on to shoot a local grocery store owner, and then went to ground before being found by police the other day.
- Once we kicked him out and he went to ground in Afghanistan, he couldn't be tracked anywhere.
Synonyms hide, hide out, hide oneself, conceal oneself, secrete oneself, shelter, take cover, lie low, go to earth, go underground
Get closer to someone ahead in a race or competition. 追近，赶上 Example sentencesExamples - The greens are perfect so you can make up ground there.
- My mind raced and my pulse quickly made up ground.
- ‘I put myself in position to make up ground but let it slip,’ he sighed.
- I have been late off the mark, but am making up ground fast.
- He made up ground before the convention, and he made up ground - even moving ahead nationally - during the convention.
- Still, legislators and competitors do hope to make up ground on the program access issue where cable is a bit more vulnerable.
- It was Austria's Kate Allen, who came out of the water 44th out of 50 competitors, gradually made up ground on the bike and finished with a 34-minute run to win by 6.72 seconds.
- The worry for United is that very soon there will be insufficient days in the Premiership schedule for them to make up ground on Arsenal and Chelsea.
- The only problem is that their traditional supporters will dislike much of it and it won't help the Tories make up ground with the lower middleclass vote that sustained them for a generation.
- He bobbled coming out of the gate and spent most of the race making up ground before flattening out in the stretch and finishing third.
In a place where real, practical work is done. 在现场，在实地 the troops on the ground are cynical 战地的部队只顾自身的安危。 Example sentencesExamples - We may have a political peace process, but on the ground there is still a war psychology.
- Once he got his boots dirty and spoke to farmers and people on the ground, he was not sure.
- This has left a policy that is confused in its message, and unworkable on the ground.
- The boxes will be distributed on the ground by a Rotary Club near to the disaster area.
- These were the people on the ground who checked on the state of our streets and open spaces.
- He appears to have been caught out by not monitoring what was happening on the ground.
- They are the ones who can really drive change on the ground, and make a difference.
- It can then be guided by an operator on the ground with the aid of the live video link to screens on the ground.
- If there was a clear sense of nervousness in the air, it was tangible on the ground.
In one's own territory or concerning one's own range of knowledge or experience. 在自己熟悉的领域内，在自己的经验范围内 I feel reasonably relaxed if I'm interviewed on my own ground 如果访谈内容在我自己熟悉的领域内，我就会相当放松。 Example sentencesExamples - As a fiction writer, you meet those myths on their own ground - the mental space in which memories, traditions, and dreams interact - and you address them in their own language of evocative symbolism.
- And we are so pleased at being able to stage it on our own ground - the manager thinks it will give us a better chance of causing an upset.
- When a tragedy occurs on our own ground, our own territory, we identify with it much more.
- Lewis, whose academic qualifications were first class, challenged intellectuals on their own ground.
- Learn to analyze rumors in terms of the anxieties or other attitudes that are behind them, then tackle them on their own ground.
- There's another factor at work here, a kind of commercial disingenuity that aims to befuddle the listener on his own ground.
- ‘It will be nice to play on our own ground and play friendly matches with other clubs in the area,’ said the club chairman.
- There are so many things that I know nothing about, but with emotional stuff like music, I know how to do it, I'm on my own ground.
- We are going there with their record of not having lost on their own ground and it will be a difficult game.
- It had been an extremely brave move to host the game on their own ground but those officials who made such a bold decision must have been glad they stuck to their guns against many advisers who urged them to play elsewhere.
Make it easier for something to occur or be developed. （为某事的发生或发展）做好准备，铺平道路 congress approved a series of measures intended to prepare the ground for the new economic structure Example sentencesExamples - They scarcely have time to develop their ideas before they are preparing the ground for their successor.
- In the 1610s and 1620s, the French painters in Rome and Venice, most of them fascinated by Caravaggio, prepared the ground for the future development of French painting.
- It is a means of preparing the ground for enhancing personal development and contributes to partnership between an individual and the employing organisation.
- And there can be few better ways of preparing the ground for that revival than bringing in one of Scotland's finest directors to stage one of theatre's classic political farces.
- Several developments helped prepare the ground for this achievement.
- They claimed that a ‘cloak of secrecy’ has surrounded seven months of clean-up work to prepare the ground for a 148-home development.
- While Treasury officials say the chancellor will not update his economic forecast until the pre-budget report in November, he is preparing the ground to revise his predictions downwards.
- In preparing the ground for such a development, an examination of the central lessons of the miners' strike is of vital importance.
- To do this he sets out to clear the undergrowth by caricaturing the achievements of the Reformation and trivialising its main points of contention, thus preparing the ground for something really important.
- All the signals are that leading figures in all major parties are preparing the ground for a move the public is unlikely to enjoy: state funding of political parties.
1Not retreat or lose one's advantage in the face of opposition. 让步；退却；失去优势 you will be able to hold your ground and resist the enemy's attack 你将能够坚守阵地并抵御敌人的进攻。 Example sentencesExamples - Maybe if I had bitten my lip at 18 and not stood my ground, things could have worked out differently.
- He held his ground and removed his glasses to wipe off the dirt, pondering his next move.
- But they did manage to hold their ground on the key issue of keeping those jobs at home.
- Shoulder to shoulder with any striker, he wants to make sure he will be able to hold his ground.
- However, he held his ground and concluded his defense with the immortal words ‘Here I stand.’
- With dogs, I have always stood my ground and was trying to do the equivalent with the goose.
- I had to at least hold my ground, or lose all semblance of competency.
- Everybody else has retreated but we have to hold our ground.
- We held our ground for close to an hour, but eventually their sheer numbers caused us to retreat.
- The fact that I stood my ground and looked him straight in the eyes reflected his fear back to him.
Synonyms stand firm, be firm, make a stand, be resolute, insist, be determined, show determination, hold on, hold out, be emphatic, not take no for an answer, brook no refusal 2Law
Denoting a law or legal principle that permits a person to use deadly force in self-defense without first trying to retreat. Example sentencesExamples - He was grateful the president also advocated taking a closer look at the message sent by "stand your ground laws."
- The trial led to nationwide debate about "stand your ground" laws enacted in several states.
- This panel discussion on Stand Your Ground examines whether this law is a justifiable explanation for self-defense or a license to kill innocent people.
- Representatives are receiving calls, letters, visits and emails from constituents with diverse opinions on "Stand Your Ground.
- Some twenty-seven states have Stand Your Ground laws involving justifiable homicide when attacked.
- He is in fact claiming self defense under the Stand Your Ground law.
work (or run) oneself into the ground Exhaust oneself by working or running very hard. 工作（或跑）得精疲力竭 Example sentencesExamples - And he said some social workers took things too far, working themselves into the ground and damaging their own health, investigating every possible indication of abuse.
- They played as a unit, every man worked himself into the ground and they were very tough to break down.
- He worked himself into the ground and covered acres during the 70 plus minutes.
- It may be that I've worked myself into the ground during the week, that I didn't get a decent Sabbath rest this weekend, that I can feel illness coming on.
- He said: ‘I was working myself into the ground and not looking after myself.’
- They really worked themselves into the ground and stopped us in our tracks.
- Once that hope had gone, she worked hard for a while and then realised she was running herself into the ground - and for what?
- At home, we have become so defined by money, status and career success that we work ourselves into the ground.
- There's no sense in working ourselves into the ground on this.
- He ran himself into the ground, and collapsed with exhaustion at the end of the game.
OriginOld English grund, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch grond and German Grund. verbɡraʊndɡround past and past participle of grind
adjectiveɡraʊndɡround 1attributive Reduced to fine particles by crushing or mincing. 磨碎的；磨细的 孜然粉。 Example sentencesExamples - It involves ground ginger, brown sugar, cloves, water, port and wine.
- He offered it lettuce and then mango and then ground pork from the supermarket.
- Put in a large bowl and season with sea salt and freshly ground pepper.
- Richworth produce a fine ground up trout pellet that is ideal for my purposes.
- Feed the plant each day for the next 7 days by adding one teaspoon of sugar and one teaspoon of ground ginger.
- Grainy items, such as ground beef or rice, may irritate the pharynx and cause choking.
- Place all other ingredients including the ground seeds into the mixing bowl and combine well
- Season with salt and freshly ground pepper, add the parsley and stir gently.
- Actually consisting of finely ground dates, it contains all the fruits' nutrients and minerals.
- Fold in the ground almonds and baking powder and combine well.
- For a milder flavour replace chilli powder with ground paprika.
- This is not always necessary as some butchers sell finely ground mince.
- Pour into each mug, and serve with cinnamon sticks or sprinkle with ground cinnamon.
- Remove from the oven, dry on paper towels and then toss them in the cumin, chilli and salt and freshly ground pepper.
- The product consisted of finely ground pork spiced with salt, sugar, and other flavourings.
- We like to see the tiny flakes of finely ground pepper in the jelly.
- 1.1 Shaped, roughened, or polished by grinding.
打磨成的；磨毛的；磨光的 the thick opaque ground perimeter of the lenses 镜片周围厚厚的不透明的磨边。 Example sentencesExamples - The individual faces are then ground and polished on a lap using diamond powder as an abrasive.
PhrasesExhausted or worn down. 筋疲力尽的，疲惫不堪的；用旧的 Example sentencesExamples - The principal sufferers are the suppliers, and most of her book is spent on the way these farmers, food processors and nurserymen are systematically ground down by the supermarket buyers.
- The early 1880's were characterised by a difficult depression, and workers wages were ground down lower than they had been before the strike wave of 1877.
- For a lot of pupils and for a lot of teachers they are just ground down by it.
- All three got on the scoresheet and all three were instrumental as they ground down the Cougars’ pack.
- The Knights began the game the better but Sheffield, just like they had done when beating Batley, started to come back into it after 15 minutes or so, with their forwards trying to ground down the opposition.
- He never seemed too ground down by office even when he was in the eye of the political storm.
- It is very sad in a way, because it is such a reflection of the way we tend to get ground down by society.
- Even the best, stuck in a hopeless team, will eventually be ground down to despair, a phenomenon well known to some footballers until the league started evening up the competition.
- This is a people who did not elect him, who have been ground down by a decade of deprivation and whose motivations are aimed at food, shelter and the preservation of their lives, rather than toppling their government.
- The whole city was full of torpid people ground down from extended job hunts, and by August, most folks had just given and were just waiting for after Labor Day to resume the search.
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