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词汇 shaman
释义

Definition of shaman in English:

shaman

nounPlural shamans ˈʃamənˈʃɑːmən
  • A person regarded as having access to, and influence in, the world of good and evil spirits, especially among some peoples of northern Asia and North America. Typically such people enter a trance state during a ritual, and practise divination and healing.

    萨满教僧(尤指北亚和北美一些民族中被认为可接近和左右仁慈和邪恶神灵的人;在仪式中,他们进入一种鬼魂附体的状态,进行占卜和治病)

    Example sentencesExamples
    • One becomes a shaman by apprenticing to a shaman and learning the magic formulas to be recited on different occasions.
    • Sometimes, magicians and shamans can provide this advice.
    • Evil shamans involve spirits and have what we would call supernatural powers.
    • Many people consult shamans and other religious practitioners.
    • He now suggests they were used as ‘spirit tracks’ by prehistoric shamans who, in trances, travelled along them on out-of-body travel.
    • Religious roles, from shamans to Catholic priests to Muslim imams, are dominated by men.
    • For millennia, shamans and witch doctors, the therapists of indigenous and preindustrial cultures, made no distinction between physical, emotional, and spiritual healing.
    • Rituals of traditional belief systems mark life-cycle events or involve propitiation for particular occasions and are led by shamans, spirit mediums, or prayer masters (male or female).
    • Even the most primitive hunting and gathering bands had their chiefs and matriarchs, weapon and tool makers, and shamans or witch doctors who had to be supported, and their part-time services needed subsidy by the rest.
    • Among the Sauk, shamans were thought to be capable of transforming themselves into bears and other animals to destroy their enemies.
    • While performing the ritual, the shaman (witch doctor) dances and enters into a trance.
    • Split into groups to ward off wild animals, bad weather and harmful spirits, the shamans were confidant of their success, though three scouts reportedly were found crying until they fainted.
    • Other religious practitioners include spirit mediums and shamans, most of whom are women.
    • It is said among shamans that each is paired with his or her perfect spirit guide.
    • In many rural communities, men and women function equally as shamans and healers.
    • The rituals are performed under the direction of the shaman.
    • Even Amazonian shamans, when in trance, travel to spirit governments to gain the power to cure.
    • Religious experts vary from formally installed priests and teachers representing the institutionalized religions to self-ordained shamans, healers, and sorcerers.
    • In the past, the Kyrgyz people relied on shamans as healers.
    • Unlike ‘summoners’, mages / shamans / shamanists do not call the spirit and let it fight; they call the spirit and use its power to fight by their own means.
    Synonyms
    medicine man, medicine woman, healer
    witch doctor
    in South America peai, peaiman
    in Hawaii kahuna
    in Greenland angekok
    in Malaysia &amp Indonesia pawang
    in South-East Asia dukun

Derivatives

  • shamanism

  • noun ˈʃɑːmənɪz(ə)mˈʃamənɪz(ə)mˈʃeɪmənɪz(ə)m
    • However, one can argue that every research into shamanism and the occult is a dangerous endeavour.
      Example sentencesExamples
      • Confucianism, Taoism, and shamanism have also influenced Japanese religion.
      • The cult of spirits, shamanism, and ancestor worship compose the three major parts of traditional Hmong religion.
      • He writes about shamanism, paganism, mysticism and feminism, and approaches them all with respect, compassion and mischief.
      • Before Christian and medieval Scandinavian influence, religion involved shamanism, with practitioners mediating between the present world and the upper and nether realms of the universe.
  • shamanist

  • noun & adjectiveˈʃɑːmənɪstˈʃeɪmənɪstˈʃamənɪst
    • Since most shamanist activity took place in the home, there was no religious organization to attack, and so it was relatively easy for shamanism to survive underground.
      Example sentencesExamples
      • Can it be a good idea to take shamanist ways of working and using them for spiritualist work?
      • They were Christians, Buddhists, Jews, Manicheans, pagans, nomads, shamanists, and animists as well, and, ethnically speaking, Seljuks, Khazars, Bulgars, Timurids, Mongols, Anatolians and Chinese.
      • There are scores of ex-Mormons, shamanists, pagans, and atheists meeting up, hoping to find camaraderie.
      • In Beijing, the Qing reserved the Kunning palace in the Forbidden City for shamanist sacrifices.
  • shamanistic

  • adjectiveʃɑːməˈnɪstɪkʃaməˈnɪstɪkʃeɪməˈnɪstɪk
    • Jones refines her shamanistic readings by arguing that the hero-kings of Celtic literature, rather than the Druids, are the ones who undergo shamanistic initiation.
      Example sentencesExamples
      • We hear about pre-Christian religion, pagan beliefs, shamanistic rituals and healing drums, and the story is narrated in ambiguous and multivocal words and concepts.
      • The oldest Buddhist sect in Tibet, it emphasizes mysticism and incorporates shamanistic practices and local deities borrowed from the pre-Buddhist Bon religion.
      • For spirit loss, a baci, or a shamanistic ceremony may be performed.
      • Many areas were not converted to Islam until the eighteenth century, and even then it was by the mystical Sufi branch, who integrated local shamanistic practices with their religion.
  • shamanize

  • verbˈʃamənʌɪzˈʃeɪmənʌɪzˈʃɑːmənʌɪz
    [no object]
    • Perform the functions of a shaman; practise shamanism.

      when I shamanize, the spirit of my dead brother enters and speaks through my mouth
      Protestant Christianity was no exception: It had to be ‘shamanized’ considerably in order to be more agreeable to the religious imagination of the Korean people.

Origin

Late 17th century: from German Schamane and Russian shaman, from Tungus šaman.

Rhymes

barman, barmen, Brahman, Carman, Carmen, Sharman, Tutankhamen

Definition of shaman in US English:

shaman

noun
  • A person regarded as having access to, and influence in, the world of good and evil spirits, especially among some peoples of northern Asia and North America. Typically such people enter a trance state during a ritual, and practice divination and healing.

    萨满教僧(尤指北亚和北美一些民族中被认为可接近和左右仁慈和邪恶神灵的人;在仪式中,他们进入一种鬼魂附体的状态,进行占卜和治病)

    Example sentencesExamples
    • Religious experts vary from formally installed priests and teachers representing the institutionalized religions to self-ordained shamans, healers, and sorcerers.
    • The rituals are performed under the direction of the shaman.
    • Unlike ‘summoners’, mages / shamans / shamanists do not call the spirit and let it fight; they call the spirit and use its power to fight by their own means.
    • Even Amazonian shamans, when in trance, travel to spirit governments to gain the power to cure.
    • While performing the ritual, the shaman (witch doctor) dances and enters into a trance.
    • Other religious practitioners include spirit mediums and shamans, most of whom are women.
    • For millennia, shamans and witch doctors, the therapists of indigenous and preindustrial cultures, made no distinction between physical, emotional, and spiritual healing.
    • Among the Sauk, shamans were thought to be capable of transforming themselves into bears and other animals to destroy their enemies.
    • Evil shamans involve spirits and have what we would call supernatural powers.
    • Sometimes, magicians and shamans can provide this advice.
    • One becomes a shaman by apprenticing to a shaman and learning the magic formulas to be recited on different occasions.
    • It is said among shamans that each is paired with his or her perfect spirit guide.
    • Rituals of traditional belief systems mark life-cycle events or involve propitiation for particular occasions and are led by shamans, spirit mediums, or prayer masters (male or female).
    • Even the most primitive hunting and gathering bands had their chiefs and matriarchs, weapon and tool makers, and shamans or witch doctors who had to be supported, and their part-time services needed subsidy by the rest.
    • Split into groups to ward off wild animals, bad weather and harmful spirits, the shamans were confidant of their success, though three scouts reportedly were found crying until they fainted.
    • Many people consult shamans and other religious practitioners.
    • Religious roles, from shamans to Catholic priests to Muslim imams, are dominated by men.
    • In the past, the Kyrgyz people relied on shamans as healers.
    • In many rural communities, men and women function equally as shamans and healers.
    • He now suggests they were used as ‘spirit tracks’ by prehistoric shamans who, in trances, travelled along them on out-of-body travel.
    Synonyms
    medicine man, medicine woman, healer

Origin

Late 17th century: from German Schamane and Russian shaman, from Tungus šaman.

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