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词汇 voluntarism
释义

Definition of voluntarism in English:

voluntarism

noun ˈvɒləntərɪz(ə)mˈvɑlən(t)əˌrɪzəm
mass noun
  • 1The principle of relying on voluntary action (used especially with reference to the involvement of voluntary organizations in social welfare)

    自愿主义,志愿主义,自愿原则

    some councils connected the twin themes of public spending cuts and the strong emphasis on voluntarism
    Example sentencesExamples
    • They do so because the college community is vigilant about supporting cultures of quality engagement and voluntarism, as described earlier.
    • The terms of the debate centre on celebrating personal behaviour, community tidiness, local accessibility, micromanagement, voluntarism, neighbourhood activism, and so on.
    • The tools of voluntarism are friendship, trade, compassion, and love.
    • Some might call it sort of cultures of voluntarism and self-help, but I think generally from different pieces of work that I have seen there is probably more suspicion about intervention from outside.
    • Women's groups draw on voluntarism and self-financing to manage a social relationship with inherent demands and limits.
    • Local voluntarism provided political training for all the nation's people, particularly its soldiers.
    • He also puts forward a most interesting concept - the return of voluntarism to the healthcare sector.
    • More recently, different groups have encouraged a spirit of voluntarism and giving among staff, faculty, and students.
    • Instead, they insisted that only Christian-minded voluntarism could protect the weak and ameliorate misery.
    • Religious life followed the principle of voluntarism.
    • Although the NGO sector has become increasingly professionalised over the last two decades, principles of altruism and voluntarism remain key defining characteristics.
    • Although the strategy was flawed by its excessive voluntarism, it did force the party to modernize itself.
    • For both groups, the highest percentage of voluntarism took place in religious organizations, followed by education and youth development activities.
    • ‘Yeah, they work harder and have more voluntarism,’ said one senior figure in a large party.
    • For example, on pensions policy, the most often-raised points are about the earnings link, about voluntarism versus compulsion, and safeguards for schemes' members.
    • However, the promotion of voluntarism in women's groups has arguably come at a high cost to many women and families in terms of sacrificing time and limited resources and incurring financial commitments.
    1. 1.1historical (especially in the 19th century) the principle that the Church or schools should be independent of the state and supported by voluntary contributions.
      〈史〉(尤指19世纪教会和学校实行的)自愿捐助主义,自愿捐助维持原则
  • 2Philosophy
    The doctrine that the will is a fundamental or dominant factor in the individual or the universe.

    〔哲〕唯意志论

    Example sentencesExamples
    • His recasting of subjectivity, albeit in nonessentialized terms, still looks back to the voluntarism of Existentialism.
    • Thus he steers between determinism and voluntarism, yet he argued an inevitable historical tendency towards equality.
    • According to doxastic voluntarism, believing and disbelieving are choices that are up to us to make.
    • However, there is at least one crucial distinction between Parsonian voluntarism and Kantian freedom.
    • The idea of voluntarism - of unfettered individual action - which guides so much of market and social behavior also permeates the culture of love.

Derivatives

  • voluntarist

  • adjective & noun ˈvɒləntərɪst
    • On the other hand, however, he advocates a purely voluntarist model of action: politics is choice, and choice has to be made in a revolutionary fashion, regardless of the state of prevailing economical or social conditions.
      Example sentencesExamples
      • In the late medieval period, voluntarist theologians such as William of Ockham and Gabriel Biel radically distinguished God's absolute freedom and God's covenant relations.
      • The origins of this conception go back to Rousseau's insistence - revealingly at variance with his own voluntarist construction of the general will - that a civil religion alone could found the stability of a republic.
      • Economic depressions - such as the depression of 1893-1896 and the Great Depression of the 1930s - only underlined the limits of the voluntarist approach.
      • It has been argued that the voluntarist nature of the system that characterized British industrial relations for much of the twentieth century has been severely eroded over the last three decades.
  • voluntaristic

  • adjectiveˈvɒləntərɪstɪk
    • However, this study shows that the concrete manifestations of solidarity such as neighborliness, co-operative labor, support in times of crisis, attendance of significant community events, are not so voluntaristic.
      Example sentencesExamples
      • By the nineteenth century, there were a number of associational outlets that might foster a voluntaristic political spirit among women.
      • Beginning in the 1780s and up through the nineteenth century, some Catholic laity were attracted to the voluntaristic idea of church membership and church government that they saw in the Protestant denominations around them.
      • We will work toward a purely voluntaristic society, while recognizing that no one knows, or can know, whether a complete absence of state-sponsored coercion is possible.
      • A decent society is a voluntaristic one; my country has been the greatest exemplar of such decency; and I'd just as soon have the part of that country where I live lead the way.

Origin

Mid 19th century: formed irregularly from voluntary.

Definition of voluntarism in US English:

voluntarism

nounˈvälən(t)əˌrizəmˈvɑlən(t)əˌrɪzəm
  • 1The principle of relying on voluntary action (used especially with reference to the involvement of voluntary organizations in social welfare)

    自愿主义,志愿主义,自愿原则

    some councils connected the twin themes of public spending cuts and the strong emphasis on voluntarism
    Example sentencesExamples
    • The tools of voluntarism are friendship, trade, compassion, and love.
    • Although the NGO sector has become increasingly professionalised over the last two decades, principles of altruism and voluntarism remain key defining characteristics.
    • Women's groups draw on voluntarism and self-financing to manage a social relationship with inherent demands and limits.
    • They do so because the college community is vigilant about supporting cultures of quality engagement and voluntarism, as described earlier.
    • Religious life followed the principle of voluntarism.
    • For both groups, the highest percentage of voluntarism took place in religious organizations, followed by education and youth development activities.
    • He also puts forward a most interesting concept - the return of voluntarism to the healthcare sector.
    • Local voluntarism provided political training for all the nation's people, particularly its soldiers.
    • Some might call it sort of cultures of voluntarism and self-help, but I think generally from different pieces of work that I have seen there is probably more suspicion about intervention from outside.
    • However, the promotion of voluntarism in women's groups has arguably come at a high cost to many women and families in terms of sacrificing time and limited resources and incurring financial commitments.
    • The terms of the debate centre on celebrating personal behaviour, community tidiness, local accessibility, micromanagement, voluntarism, neighbourhood activism, and so on.
    • ‘Yeah, they work harder and have more voluntarism,’ said one senior figure in a large party.
    • More recently, different groups have encouraged a spirit of voluntarism and giving among staff, faculty, and students.
    • Although the strategy was flawed by its excessive voluntarism, it did force the party to modernize itself.
    • For example, on pensions policy, the most often-raised points are about the earnings link, about voluntarism versus compulsion, and safeguards for schemes' members.
    • Instead, they insisted that only Christian-minded voluntarism could protect the weak and ameliorate misery.
    1. 1.1historical (especially in the 19th century) the principle that churches or schools should be independent of the state and supported by voluntary contributions.
      〈史〉(尤指19世纪教会和学校实行的)自愿捐助主义,自愿捐助维持原则
  • 2Philosophy
    The doctrine that the will is a fundamental or dominant factor in the individual or the universe.

    〔哲〕唯意志论

    Example sentencesExamples
    • According to doxastic voluntarism, believing and disbelieving are choices that are up to us to make.
    • The idea of voluntarism - of unfettered individual action - which guides so much of market and social behavior also permeates the culture of love.
    • Thus he steers between determinism and voluntarism, yet he argued an inevitable historical tendency towards equality.
    • However, there is at least one crucial distinction between Parsonian voluntarism and Kantian freedom.
    • His recasting of subjectivity, albeit in nonessentialized terms, still looks back to the voluntarism of Existentialism.

Origin

Mid 19th century: formed irregularly from voluntary.

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