Definition of to in English:

to

preposition tʊtuːtə

1Expressing motion in the direction of (a particular location)
表示方向向，朝，往；到
walking down to the shops
向南走到商店。
my first visit to Africa
我首次游览非洲。
we're going to a party
Example sentencesExamples
- Last Tuesday I went to a council meeting.
- Yosef, a successful lawyer, commuted hours each day to and from work.
- Emlyn loudly exited the hotel and went to the station for the Bristol train.
- They commissioned GAD Architecture, a firm founded in Turkey that has since moved to New York.
- Her mum had to take her to hospital every week.
- He actually dropped to the ground just as a giant pickup rolled over him.
1. 1.1 Expressing location, typically in relation to a specified point of reference.
  尤指相对于具体参照点的位置离；在，于
  forty miles to the south of the site
  在这个地方以南40英里。
  place the cursor to the left of the first word
  把光标放在第一个词的左边。
  Example sentencesExamples
  The landlocked country is dominated by the rugged Hindu Kush mountains that sweep from the west to the east.
  It was 850 miles to Singapore Harbor.
  The family room to the right of the entrance hall has an unusual colour scheme.
2. 1.2 Expressing a point reached at the end of a range or after a period of time.
  表示范围、时段到，达
  a drop in profits from £105 m to around £75 m
  利润从1亿500万英镑降至约7，500万英镑。
  from 1938 to 1945
  从1938年至1945年。
  Example sentencesExamples
  Another eight to ten million square feet of exhibition space is scheduled to come on line within five years.
  The working week is Monday to Friday.
  Prospectors arrived by land or sea and usually operated in groups of six to forty, working claims jointly.
  The two books covers the dance band era from the 1930s to the 1960s.
3. 1.3British (in telling the time) before (the hour specified)
  〈主英〉后接具体钟点用于报时到；在…之前
  it's five to ten
  10点差5分。
  Example sentencesExamples
  Apologies followed, and at five to three the belated ceremony commenced to the relief of all concerned.
  It's twenty to one in the morning, and I'm beat.
  I was awake at ten to six, at the gym by 6:30.
2Approaching or reaching (a particular condition)
倾向于；趋于
Christopher's expression changed from amazement to joy
克里斯托弗的表情由惊奇转为喜悦。
she was close to tears
她眼泪快掉下来了。
Example sentencesExamples
- The children cry themselves to sleep from hunger.
- I can honestly say that officers and staff had a mixture of feelings ranging from anger to disgust.
- Can we ever know if an image moved large numbers of people to action, or changed the ways they think about things?
- Shackleton's southern party passed the previous ‘furthest south’ record set by Scott, but by January 2 Shackleton was near to breaking point.
- Back at the king's court, many warily watched the cardinal's rapid rise to power.
Synonyms
in the direction of, to, toward, so as to approach, so as to near
1. 2.1 Expressing the result of a process or action.
  表示结果成，至
  smashed to smithereens
  捣成碎片。
  Example sentencesExamples
  If you buy a pair of trainers and they fall to bits, you won't buy them again.
  One had taken a camcorder from someone and proceeded to smash it to pieces.
2. 2.2 Governing a phrase expressing someone's reaction to something.
  后接词组表示对某事的反应使
  to her astonishment, he smiled
  使她震惊的是，他笑了。
  Example sentencesExamples
  To our dismay, unknown to us there was a motel only three kilometres down the road.
  She actually did dance with Astaire - but to her great regret, only once, in Easter Parade.
  Much to his surprise, this small film has turned out to have wide appeal.
  I got 98% in the test but to my annoyance, Janet got 100%.
3Identifying the person or thing affected by or receiving something.
表牵涉到的人、事对（于）
you were terribly unkind to her
你对她太不友好了。
they donated £400 to the hospice
他们把400英镑捐给了临终关怀医院。
I am deeply grateful to my parents
我十分感激我的父母。
Example sentencesExamples
- When I got out of prison a couple of years ago he actually was very kind to me.
- I am thankful to Anna and her program for my rehabilitation.
- I wish you hadn't drawn attention to it.
- In our marriage the most important factor is commitment and being considerate to each other.
4Identifying a particular relationship between one person and another.
表两人间关系跟，与
he is married to his cousin Emma
他和表妹埃玛结婚了。
he's economic adviser to the president
总统的经济顾问。
Example sentencesExamples
- Alberto is single, while Ernesto is committed to his pretty, aristocratic girlfriend.
- Karen, on the other hand, is a good friend to Daniel, whose young wife has just passed away.
- She was also special assistant to the cultural affairs commissioner in 1987.
- She's now very happily engaged to a famous actor.
- He's married to a sociologist who teaches family studies at the University of Connecticut.
1. 4.1 Used in various phrases to indicate how something is related to something else (often followed by a noun without a determiner)
  后常接不带冠词的名词，表关联关于；与…相关
  made to order
  定制的。
  a prelude to disaster
  灾难的前奏。
  Example sentencesExamples
  Letting anyone into a country without proper identification and background checks is an invitation to chaos.
  There's a buffet at lunchtime, with plenty of good salads and dips, or the chef will cook a stir-fry to order.
  You can even have your ideal leather coat made to measure by a leather specialist.
  Synonyms
  to, per, every, each
2. 4.2 Indicating a rate of return on something, for example the distance travelled in exchange for fuel used.
  表示数量的比例关系每
  my car only does ten miles to the gallon
  每加仑汽油只能行驶十英里。
  Example sentencesExamples
  The peso breached 50 to the dollar, plunging the country further into crisis.
  With the dollar at $1.24 to the pound, property in Florida was quite an attractive investment.
  The petrol version will do 16.2 miles to the gallon around town.
  If you fly into wind you will get much less mileage to the litre.
3. 4.3to theMathematics Indicating the power (exponent) to which a number is raised.
  〔数〕乘方
  ten to the minus thirty-three
  10的负33次方。
  Example sentencesExamples
  The smallest scale postulated is the Planck scale of 10 to the minus 33rd power for length and 10 to the minus 43rd of a second for time.
  This is a septillion (10 to the power of 24) times longer than the current age of the universe (about 10 billion years).
5Indicating that two things are attached or linked.
表示附属、附加属于；附于；归于
he had left his dog tied to a drainpipe
他就让狗拴在排水管上。
they are inextricably linked to this island
〈喻〉他们和这座岛屿有千丝万缕的关系。
Example sentencesExamples
- This dead-end dirt road follows a peaceful stretch of the Housatonic River and connects to the Appalachian Trail.
- I have also attached the bulletin to this email so you could get a flavor of what we are doing.
- It is in the phone company's interest to get more homes linked to the Internet at very high rates of speed.
- On the other corner, a dozen or so balloons are tied to a pole.
6Concerning or likely to concern (something)
对于，关于
a threat to world peace
对世界和平的威胁。
a reference to Psalm 22:18
参见《诗篇》22：18。
Example sentencesExamples
- Pesticides pose risks to both human and nonhuman health if they are found in either surface or ground water.
- Although the film contains no direct references to the war, it surely is an allegory on World War II.
- Louis was required to renounce all claim to the English throne and to restore the charters of liberties granted by King John.
- They raise the specter of technology as a danger to humanity.
7Used to introduce the second element in a comparison.
引出第二个比较成分比
the club's nothing to what it once was
比起原先的情况，这算不上什么。
Example sentencesExamples
- It is simply that I think women are superior to men.
- I prefer men to women.
- Tom told him a story about a parolee who stole a car to get back into jail because he preferred it to home.
- This kid is an angel compared to me though and has never been any trouble.
8Placed before a debit entry in accounting.
结算账目时置于借方分录前记入

infinitive markertʊtuːtə

1Used with the base form of a verb to indicate that the verb is in the infinitive.
与动词原形一起构成动词的不定式尤指
1. 1.1 Expressing purpose or intention.
  为了，以便
  I set out to buy food
  我出去买食品。
  I am going to tell you a story
  我要给你讲个故事。
  Example sentencesExamples
  Next time I am going to box differently with regard to speed and power.
  I went to get help and by the time I got back he had stopped breathing.
  Thieves attempted to gain entry into the cafe on Saturday morning.
  My friend and I were determined to do better.
  His aim was to be a great artist, and in reality he was.
2. 1.2 Expressing an outcome or result.
  以至于；结果是
  she was left to die
  人们让他自生自灭。
  I managed to escape
  他想方设法逃跑了。
  Example sentencesExamples
  I have always dreamt about earning a living playing polo, and I think I am managing to achieve it.
  Parks was ignored and left to fend for herself in poverty for many years.
  It's too cold to get out of bed.
  I decided to stay away from the crowd but close enough to hear the speakers.
3. 1.3 Expressing a cause.
  因为，由于
  I'm sorry to hear that
  听到这事儿我很难过。
  Example sentencesExamples
  I'm really pleased to be here.
  He was shocked to discover the alleged activities at the university.
  I was so sorry to read her column slandering the film industry.
4. 1.4 Indicating a desired or advisable action.
  想要；该
  I'd love to go to France this summer
  今年夏天我很想去法国。
  the leaflet explains how to start a course
  小册子上说明了如何开始一门课程。
  Example sentencesExamples
  There is also information on where to find help with insulation and central heating.
  You talk about your sister a lot, I'd like to meet her.
  I want to show everybody I am stronger than he is.
  She's asked him to seek counseling.
5. 1.5 Indicating a proposition that is known, believed, or reported about a specified person or thing.
  （知道、相信）是；（报道）说
  a house that people believed to be haunted
  人们认为在闹鬼的屋子。
  Example sentencesExamples
  To many, she was considered to be a modern Audrey Hepburn with her impeccable style, grace and elegance.
  Up to seven million people are thought to have been affected.
  It's a plant whose leaves are said to have many medicinal qualities.
6. 1.6about to Forming a future tense with reference to the immediate future.
  即将，就要
  he was about to sing
  他就要唱了。
  Example sentencesExamples
  This news arrived just as a ceasefire was about to come into effect.
  Allan's about to get married - he's in Venice organising his pre-nuptial agreement!
7. 1.7 After a noun, indicating its function or purpose.
  置于名词后用作
  a chair to sit on
  用来坐的椅子。
  something to eat
  吃的东西。
  Example sentencesExamples
  We don't have any water to drink.
  They see no sun in their limited lives, with no hay to lie on, no mud to roll in.
  He's going to a cabaret, and he has absolutely nothing to wear.
8. 1.8 After a phrase containing an ordinal number.
  置于含序数词的词组后做
  the first person to arrive
  第一个到的人。
  Example sentencesExamples
  She is the second African-American to hold the post.
  Young male adults were the first to leave, out of fear of being forced to serve in the military.
  Paula Wolfert was the last to speak and her slides were of various clay pots and dishes.
2Used without a verb following when the missing verb is clearly understood.
后面省略表示已知动作的动词这么做
he asked her to come but she said she didn't want to
他请她来，但她说她不想来。
Example sentencesExamples
- I don't want this moment to end, but it's got to.
- It is your choice if you smoke or not but I think everyone would benefit if we made an effort not to.
- As much as I didn't want to go, I had to.

adverb tʊtuːtə

So as to be closed or nearly closed.
关着；虚掩着
he pulled the door to behind him
他从身后拉上了门。
Example sentencesExamples
- I went in and pulled the door to.
Synonyms
secure, secured, fastened, tight, firmly fixed

Origin

Old English tō (adverb and preposition), of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch toe and German zu.

Rhymes

accrue, adieu, ado, anew, Anjou, aperçu, askew, ballyhoo, bamboo, bedew, bestrew, billet-doux, blew, blue, boo, boohoo, brew, buckaroo, canoe, chew, clew, clou, clue, cock-a-doodle-doo, cockatoo, construe, coo, Corfu, coup, crew, Crewe, cru, cue, déjà vu, derring-do, dew, didgeridoo, do, drew, due, endue, ensue, eschew, feu, few, flew, flu, flue, foreknew, glue, gnu, goo, grew, halloo, hereto, hew, Hindu, hitherto, how-do-you-do, hue, Hugh, hullabaloo, imbrue, imbue, jackaroo, Jew, kangaroo, Karroo, Kathmandu, kazoo, Kiangsu, knew, Kru, K2, kung fu, Lahu, Lanzhou, Lao-tzu, lasso, lieu, loo, Lou, Manchu, mangetout, mew, misconstrue, miscue, moo, moue, mu, nardoo, new, non-U, nu, ooh, outdo, outflew, outgrew, peekaboo, Peru, pew, plew, Poitou, pooh, pooh-pooh, potoroo, pursue, queue, revue, roo, roux, rue, Selous, set-to, shampoo, shih-tzu, shoe, shoo, shrew, Sioux, skean dhu, skew, skidoo, slew, smew, snafu, sou, spew, sprue, stew, strew, subdue, sue, switcheroo, taboo, tattoo, thereto, thew, threw, thro, through, thru, tickety-boo, Timbuktu, tiramisu, to-do, too, toodle-oo, true, true-blue, tu-whit tu-whoo, two, vendue, view, vindaloo, virtu, wahoo, wallaroo, Waterloo, well-to-do, whereto, whew, who, withdrew, woo, Wu, yew, you, zoo

Definition of to in US English:

to

preposition

1Expressing motion in the direction of (a particular location)
表示方向向，朝，往；到
walking down to the mall
向南走到商店。
my first visit to Africa
我首次游览非洲。
Example sentencesExamples
- Yosef, a successful lawyer, commuted hours each day to and from work.
- They commissioned GAD Architecture, a firm founded in Turkey that has since moved to New York.
- Last Tuesday I went to a council meeting.
- Emlyn loudly exited the hotel and went to the station for the Bristol train.
- He actually dropped to the ground just as a giant pickup rolled over him.
- Her mum had to take her to hospital every week.
1. 1.1 Expressing location, typically in relation to a specified point of reference.
  尤指相对于具体参照点的位置离；在，于
  forty miles to the south of the site
  在这个地方以南40英里。
  place the cursor to the left of the first word
  把光标放在第一个词的左边。
  Example sentencesExamples
  The landlocked country is dominated by the rugged Hindu Kush mountains that sweep from the west to the east.
  The family room to the right of the entrance hall has an unusual colour scheme.
  It was 850 miles to Singapore Harbor.
2. 1.2 Expressing a point reached at the end of a range or after a period of time.
  表示范围、时段到，达
  a drop in profits from $105 million to around $75 million
  利润从1亿500万英镑降至约7，500万英镑。
  from 1938 to 1945
  从1938年至1945年。
  Example sentencesExamples
  Prospectors arrived by land or sea and usually operated in groups of six to forty, working claims jointly.
  The working week is Monday to Friday.
  The two books covers the dance band era from the 1930s to the 1960s.
  Another eight to ten million square feet of exhibition space is scheduled to come on line within five years.
3. 1.3British (in telling the time) before (the hour specified)
  〈主英〉后接具体钟点用于报时到；在…之前
  it's five to ten
  10点差5分。
  Example sentencesExamples
  Apologies followed, and at five to three the belated ceremony commenced to the relief of all concerned.
  It's twenty to one in the morning, and I'm beat.
  I was awake at ten to six, at the gym by 6:30.
2Approaching or reaching (a particular condition)
倾向于；趋于
Christopher's expression changed from amazement to joy
克里斯托弗的表情由惊奇转为喜悦。
she was close to tears
她眼泪快掉下来了。
Example sentencesExamples
- The children cry themselves to sleep from hunger.
- Shackleton's southern party passed the previous ‘furthest south’ record set by Scott, but by January 2 Shackleton was near to breaking point.
- Can we ever know if an image moved large numbers of people to action, or changed the ways they think about things?
- I can honestly say that officers and staff had a mixture of feelings ranging from anger to disgust.
- Back at the king's court, many warily watched the cardinal's rapid rise to power.
Synonyms
in the direction of, to, toward, so as to approach, so as to near
1. 2.1 Expressing the result of a process or action.
  表示结果成，至
  smashed to smithereens
  捣成碎片。
  Example sentencesExamples
  One had taken a camcorder from someone and proceeded to smash it to pieces.
  If you buy a pair of trainers and they fall to bits, you won't buy them again.
2. 2.2 Governing a phrase expressing someone's reaction to something.
  后接词组表示对某事的反应使
  to her astonishment, he smiled
  使她震惊的是，他笑了。
  Example sentencesExamples
  Much to his surprise, this small film has turned out to have wide appeal.
  She actually did dance with Astaire - but to her great regret, only once, in Easter Parade.
  To our dismay, unknown to us there was a motel only three kilometres down the road.
  I got 98% in the test but to my annoyance, Janet got 100%.
3Identifying the person or thing affected.
表牵涉到的人、事对（于）
you were terribly unkind to her
你对她太不友好了。
Example sentencesExamples
- I wish you hadn't drawn attention to it.
- In our marriage the most important factor is commitment and being considerate to each other.
- I am thankful to Anna and her program for my rehabilitation.
- When I got out of prison a couple of years ago he actually was very kind to me.
1. 3.1 Identifying the recipient or intended recipient of something.
  动作的承受者（给）予；对，于
  he wrote a heart-rending letter to the parents
  I am deeply grateful to my parents
  我十分感激我的父母。
  Example sentencesExamples
  I want data sent to me so I can decide how to use it.
  But either way they won't give money to us.
  He was on his way back from delivering a present to a friend.
4Identifying a particular relationship between one person and another.
表两人间关系跟，与
he is married to Jan's cousin
他和表妹埃玛结婚了。
economic adviser to the president
总统的经济顾问。
Example sentencesExamples
- Karen, on the other hand, is a good friend to Daniel, whose young wife has just passed away.
- She's now very happily engaged to a famous actor.
- He's married to a sociologist who teaches family studies at the University of Connecticut.
- Alberto is single, while Ernesto is committed to his pretty, aristocratic girlfriend.
- She was also special assistant to the cultural affairs commissioner in 1987.
1. 4.1 In various phrases indicating how something is related to something else (often followed by a noun without a determiner)
  后常接不带冠词的名词，表关联关于；与…相关
  made to order
  定制的。
  a prelude to disaster
  灾难的前奏。
  Example sentencesExamples
  Letting anyone into a country without proper identification and background checks is an invitation to chaos.
  You can even have your ideal leather coat made to measure by a leather specialist.
  There's a buffet at lunchtime, with plenty of good salads and dips, or the chef will cook a stir-fry to order.
  Synonyms
  to, per, every, each
2. 4.2 Indicating a rate of return on something, e.g., the distance traveled in exchange for fuel used, or an exchange rate that can be obtained in one currency for another.
  表示数量的比例关系每
  it only does ten miles to the gallon
  每加仑汽油只能行驶十英里。
  Example sentencesExamples
  The petrol version will do 16.2 miles to the gallon around town.
  The peso breached 50 to the dollar, plunging the country further into crisis.
  With the dollar at $1.24 to the pound, property in Florida was quite an attractive investment.
  If you fly into wind you will get much less mileage to the litre.
3. 4.3to theMathematics Indicating the power (exponent) to which a number is raised.
  〔数〕乘方
  ten to the minus thirty-three
  10的负33次方。
  Example sentencesExamples
  This is a septillion (10 to the power of 24) times longer than the current age of the universe (about 10 billion years).
  The smallest scale postulated is the Planck scale of 10 to the minus 33rd power for length and 10 to the minus 43rd of a second for time.
5Indicating that two things are attached.
表示附属、附加属于；附于；归于
he had left his bike chained to a fence
they are inextricably linked to this island
〈喻〉他们和这座岛屿有千丝万缕的关系。
Example sentencesExamples
- It is in the phone company's interest to get more homes linked to the Internet at very high rates of speed.
- I have also attached the bulletin to this email so you could get a flavor of what we are doing.
- This dead-end dirt road follows a peaceful stretch of the Housatonic River and connects to the Appalachian Trail.
- On the other corner, a dozen or so balloons are tied to a pole.
6Concerning or likely to concern (something, especially something abstract)
对于，关于
a threat to world peace
对世界和平的威胁。
a reference to Psalm 22:18
参见《诗篇》22：18。
Example sentencesExamples
- They raise the specter of technology as a danger to humanity.
- Pesticides pose risks to both human and nonhuman health if they are found in either surface or ground water.
- Louis was required to renounce all claim to the English throne and to restore the charters of liberties granted by King John.
- Although the film contains no direct references to the war, it surely is an allegory on World War II.
7Used to introduce the second element in a comparison.
引出第二个比较成分比
it's nothing to what it once was
比起原先的情况，这算不上什么。
Example sentencesExamples
- This kid is an angel compared to me though and has never been any trouble.
- It is simply that I think women are superior to men.
- Tom told him a story about a parolee who stole a car to get back into jail because he preferred it to home.
- I prefer men to women.

infinitive marker

1Used with the base form of a verb to indicate that the verb is in the infinitive.
与动词原形一起构成动词的不定式尤指
1. 1.1 Expressing purpose or intention.
  为了，以便
  I set out to buy food
  我出去买食品。
  I am going to tell you a story
  我要给你讲个故事。
  we tried to help
  我们尽力想帮忙。
  Example sentencesExamples
  I went to get help and by the time I got back he had stopped breathing.
  My friend and I were determined to do better.
  Next time I am going to box differently with regard to speed and power.
  His aim was to be a great artist, and in reality he was.
  Thieves attempted to gain entry into the cafe on Saturday morning.
2. 1.2 Expressing an outcome, result, or consequence.
  以至于；结果是
  he was left to die
  人们让他自生自灭。
  he managed to escape
  他想方设法逃跑了。
  Example sentencesExamples
  It's too cold to get out of bed.
  I decided to stay away from the crowd but close enough to hear the speakers.
  Parks was ignored and left to fend for herself in poverty for many years.
  I have always dreamt about earning a living playing polo, and I think I am managing to achieve it.
3. 1.3 Expressing a cause.
  因为，由于
  I'm sorry to hear that
  听到这事儿我很难过。
  Example sentencesExamples
  He was shocked to discover the alleged activities at the university.
  I was so sorry to read her column slandering the film industry.
  I'm really pleased to be here.
4. 1.4 Indicating a desired or advisable action.
  想要；该
  I'd love to go to France this summer
  今年夏天我很想去法国。
  the leaflet explains how to start a recycling program
  小册子上说明了如何开始一门课程。
  we asked her to explain
  我们要求她做个解释。
  Example sentencesExamples
  There is also information on where to find help with insulation and central heating.
  You talk about your sister a lot, I'd like to meet her.
  I want to show everybody I am stronger than he is.
  She's asked him to seek counseling.
5. 1.5 Indicating a proposition that is known, believed, or reported about a specified person or thing.
  （知道、相信）是；（报道）说
  a house that people believed to be haunted
  人们认为在闹鬼的屋子。
  Example sentencesExamples
  To many, she was considered to be a modern Audrey Hepburn with her impeccable style, grace and elegance.
  Up to seven million people are thought to have been affected.
  It's a plant whose leaves are said to have many medicinal qualities.
6. 1.6about to Forming a future tense with reference to the immediate future.
  即将，就要
  he was about to sing
  他就要唱了。
  Example sentencesExamples
  Allan's about to get married - he's in Venice organising his pre-nuptial agreement!
  This news arrived just as a ceasefire was about to come into effect.
7. 1.7 After a noun, indicating its function or purpose.
  置于名词后用作
  a chair to sit on
  用来坐的椅子。
  something to eat
  吃的东西。
  Example sentencesExamples
  They see no sun in their limited lives, with no hay to lie on, no mud to roll in.
  He's going to a cabaret, and he has absolutely nothing to wear.
  We don't have any water to drink.
8. 1.8 After a phrase containing an ordinal number.
  置于含序数词的词组后做
  the first person to arrive
  第一个到的人。
  Example sentencesExamples
  Young male adults were the first to leave, out of fear of being forced to serve in the military.
  Paula Wolfert was the last to speak and her slides were of various clay pots and dishes.
  She is the second African-American to hold the post.
2Used without a verb following when the missing verb is clearly understood.
后面省略表示已知动作的动词这么做
he asked her to come but she said she didn't want to
他请她来，但她说她不想来。
Example sentencesExamples
- I don't want this moment to end, but it's got to.
- It is your choice if you smoke or not but I think everyone would benefit if we made an effort not to.
- As much as I didn't want to go, I had to.

adverb

So as to be closed or nearly closed.
关着；虚掩着
he pulled the door to behind him
他从身后拉上了门。
Example sentencesExamples
- I went in and pulled the door to.
Synonyms
secure, secured, fastened, tight, firmly fixed

Origin

Old English tō (adverb and preposition), of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch toe and German zu.

词汇	to
释义	Definition of to in English: to preposition tʊtuːtə 1Expressing motion in the direction of (a particular location) 表示方向向，朝，往；到 walking down to the shops 向南走到商店。 my first visit to Africa 我首次游览非洲。 we're going to a party Example sentencesExamples Last Tuesday I went to a council meeting. Yosef, a successful lawyer, commuted hours each day to and from work. Emlyn loudly exited the hotel and went to the station for the Bristol train. They commissioned GAD Architecture, a firm founded in Turkey that has since moved to New York. Her mum had to take her to hospital every week. He actually dropped to the ground just as a giant pickup rolled over him. 1.1 Expressing location, typically in relation to a specified point of reference. 尤指相对于具体参照点的位置离；在，于 forty miles to the south of the site 在这个地方以南40英里。 place the cursor to the left of the first word 把光标放在第一个词的左边。 Example sentencesExamples The landlocked country is dominated by the rugged Hindu Kush mountains that sweep from the west to the east. It was 850 miles to Singapore Harbor. The family room to the right of the entrance hall has an unusual colour scheme. 1.2 Expressing a point reached at the end of a range or after a period of time. 表示范围、时段到，达 a drop in profits from £105 m to around £75 m 利润从1亿500万英镑降至约7，500万英镑。 from 1938 to 1945 从1938年至1945年。 Example sentencesExamples Another eight to ten million square feet of exhibition space is scheduled to come on line within five years. The working week is Monday to Friday. Prospectors arrived by land or sea and usually operated in groups of six to forty, working claims jointly. The two books covers the dance band era from the 1930s to the 1960s. 1.3British (in telling the time) before (the hour specified) 〈主英〉后接具体钟点用于报时到；在…之前 it's five to ten 10点差5分。 Example sentencesExamples Apologies followed, and at five to three the belated ceremony commenced to the relief of all concerned. It's twenty to one in the morning, and I'm beat. I was awake at ten to six, at the gym by 6:30. 2Approaching or reaching (a particular condition) 倾向于；趋于 Christopher's expression changed from amazement to joy 克里斯托弗的表情由惊奇转为喜悦。 she was close to tears 她眼泪快掉下来了。 Example sentencesExamples The children cry themselves to sleep from hunger. I can honestly say that officers and staff had a mixture of feelings ranging from anger to disgust. Can we ever know if an image moved large numbers of people to action, or changed the ways they think about things? Shackleton's southern party passed the previous ‘furthest south’ record set by Scott, but by January 2 Shackleton was near to breaking point. Back at the king's court, many warily watched the cardinal's rapid rise to power. Synonyms in the direction of, to, toward, so as to approach, so as to near 2.1 Expressing the result of a process or action. 表示结果成，至 smashed to smithereens 捣成碎片。 Example sentencesExamples If you buy a pair of trainers and they fall to bits, you won't buy them again. One had taken a camcorder from someone and proceeded to smash it to pieces. 2.2 Governing a phrase expressing someone's reaction to something. 后接词组表示对某事的反应使 to her astonishment, he smiled 使她震惊的是，他笑了。 Example sentencesExamples To our dismay, unknown to us there was a motel only three kilometres down the road. She actually did dance with Astaire - but to her great regret, only once, in Easter Parade. Much to his surprise, this small film has turned out to have wide appeal. I got 98% in the test but to my annoyance, Janet got 100%. 3Identifying the person or thing affected by or receiving something. 表牵涉到的人、事对（于） you were terribly unkind to her 你对她太不友好了。 they donated £400 to the hospice 他们把400英镑捐给了临终关怀医院。 I am deeply grateful to my parents 我十分感激我的父母。 Example sentencesExamples When I got out of prison a couple of years ago he actually was very kind to me. I am thankful to Anna and her program for my rehabilitation. I wish you hadn't drawn attention to it. In our marriage the most important factor is commitment and being considerate to each other. 4Identifying a particular relationship between one person and another. 表两人间关系跟，与 he is married to his cousin Emma 他和表妹埃玛结婚了。 he's economic adviser to the president 总统的经济顾问。 Example sentencesExamples Alberto is single, while Ernesto is committed to his pretty, aristocratic girlfriend. Karen, on the other hand, is a good friend to Daniel, whose young wife has just passed away. She was also special assistant to the cultural affairs commissioner in 1987. She's now very happily engaged to a famous actor. He's married to a sociologist who teaches family studies at the University of Connecticut. 4.1 Used in various phrases to indicate how something is related to something else (often followed by a noun without a determiner) 后常接不带冠词的名词，表关联关于；与…相关 made to order 定制的。 a prelude to disaster 灾难的前奏。 Example sentencesExamples Letting anyone into a country without proper identification and background checks is an invitation to chaos. There's a buffet at lunchtime, with plenty of good salads and dips, or the chef will cook a stir-fry to order. You can even have your ideal leather coat made to measure by a leather specialist. Synonyms to, per, every, each 4.2 Indicating a rate of return on something, for example the distance travelled in exchange for fuel used. 表示数量的比例关系每 my car only does ten miles to the gallon 每加仑汽油只能行驶十英里。 Example sentencesExamples The peso breached 50 to the dollar, plunging the country further into crisis. With the dollar at $1.24 to the pound, property in Florida was quite an attractive investment. The petrol version will do 16.2 miles to the gallon around town. If you fly into wind you will get much less mileage to the litre. 4.3to theMathematics Indicating the power (exponent) to which a number is raised. 〔数〕乘方 ten to the minus thirty-three 10的负33次方。 Example sentencesExamples The smallest scale postulated is the Planck scale of 10 to the minus 33rd power for length and 10 to the minus 43rd of a second for time. This is a septillion (10 to the power of 24) times longer than the current age of the universe (about 10 billion years). 5Indicating that two things are attached or linked. 表示附属、附加属于；附于；归于 he had left his dog tied to a drainpipe 他就让狗拴在排水管上。 they are inextricably linked to this island 〈喻〉他们和这座岛屿有千丝万缕的关系。 Example sentencesExamples This dead-end dirt road follows a peaceful stretch of the Housatonic River and connects to the Appalachian Trail. I have also attached the bulletin to this email so you could get a flavor of what we are doing. It is in the phone company's interest to get more homes linked to the Internet at very high rates of speed. On the other corner, a dozen or so balloons are tied to a pole. 6Concerning or likely to concern (something) 对于，关于 a threat to world peace 对世界和平的威胁。 a reference to Psalm 22:18 参见《诗篇》22：18。 Example sentencesExamples Pesticides pose risks to both human and nonhuman health if they are found in either surface or ground water. Although the film contains no direct references to the war, it surely is an allegory on World War II. Louis was required to renounce all claim to the English throne and to restore the charters of liberties granted by King John. They raise the specter of technology as a danger to humanity. 7Used to introduce the second element in a comparison. 引出第二个比较成分比 the club's nothing to what it once was 比起原先的情况，这算不上什么。 Example sentencesExamples It is simply that I think women are superior to men. I prefer men to women. Tom told him a story about a parolee who stole a car to get back into jail because he preferred it to home. This kid is an angel compared to me though and has never been any trouble. 8Placed before a debit entry in accounting. 结算账目时置于借方分录前记入 infinitive markertʊtuːtə 1Used with the base form of a verb to indicate that the verb is in the infinitive. 与动词原形一起构成动词的不定式尤指 1.1 Expressing purpose or intention. 为了，以便 I set out to buy food 我出去买食品。 I am going to tell you a story 我要给你讲个故事。 Example sentencesExamples Next time I am going to box differently with regard to speed and power. I went to get help and by the time I got back he had stopped breathing. Thieves attempted to gain entry into the cafe on Saturday morning. My friend and I were determined to do better. His aim was to be a great artist, and in reality he was. 1.2 Expressing an outcome or result. 以至于；结果是 she was left to die 人们让他自生自灭。 I managed to escape 他想方设法逃跑了。 Example sentencesExamples I have always dreamt about earning a living playing polo, and I think I am managing to achieve it. Parks was ignored and left to fend for herself in poverty for many years. It's too cold to get out of bed. I decided to stay away from the crowd but close enough to hear the speakers. 1.3 Expressing a cause. 因为，由于 I'm sorry to hear that 听到这事儿我很难过。 Example sentencesExamples I'm really pleased to be here. He was shocked to discover the alleged activities at the university. I was so sorry to read her column slandering the film industry. 1.4 Indicating a desired or advisable action. 想要；该 I'd love to go to France this summer 今年夏天我很想去法国。 the leaflet explains how to start a course 小册子上说明了如何开始一门课程。 Example sentencesExamples There is also information on where to find help with insulation and central heating. You talk about your sister a lot, I'd like to meet her. I want to show everybody I am stronger than he is. She's asked him to seek counseling. 1.5 Indicating a proposition that is known, believed, or reported about a specified person or thing. （知道、相信）是；（报道）说 a house that people believed to be haunted 人们认为在闹鬼的屋子。 Example sentencesExamples To many, she was considered to be a modern Audrey Hepburn with her impeccable style, grace and elegance. Up to seven million people are thought to have been affected. It's a plant whose leaves are said to have many medicinal qualities. 1.6about to Forming a future tense with reference to the immediate future. 即将，就要 he was about to sing 他就要唱了。 Example sentencesExamples This news arrived just as a ceasefire was about to come into effect. Allan's about to get married - he's in Venice organising his pre-nuptial agreement! 1.7 After a noun, indicating its function or purpose. 置于名词后用作 a chair to sit on 用来坐的椅子。 something to eat 吃的东西。 Example sentencesExamples We don't have any water to drink. They see no sun in their limited lives, with no hay to lie on, no mud to roll in. He's going to a cabaret, and he has absolutely nothing to wear. 1.8 After a phrase containing an ordinal number. 置于含序数词的词组后做 the first person to arrive 第一个到的人。 Example sentencesExamples She is the second African-American to hold the post. Young male adults were the first to leave, out of fear of being forced to serve in the military. Paula Wolfert was the last to speak and her slides were of various clay pots and dishes. 2Used without a verb following when the missing verb is clearly understood. 后面省略表示已知动作的动词这么做 he asked her to come but she said she didn't want to 他请她来，但她说她不想来。 Example sentencesExamples I don't want this moment to end, but it's got to. It is your choice if you smoke or not but I think everyone would benefit if we made an effort not to. As much as I didn't want to go, I had to. adverb tʊtuːtə So as to be closed or nearly closed. 关着；虚掩着 he pulled the door to behind him 他从身后拉上了门。 Example sentencesExamples I went in and pulled the door to. Synonyms secure, secured, fastened, tight, firmly fixed Origin Old English tō (adverb and preposition), of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch toe and German zu. Rhymes accrue, adieu, ado, anew, Anjou, aperçu, askew, ballyhoo, bamboo, bedew, bestrew, billet-doux, blew, blue, boo, boohoo, brew, buckaroo, canoe, chew, clew, clou, clue, cock-a-doodle-doo, cockatoo, construe, coo, Corfu, coup, crew, Crewe, cru, cue, déjà vu, derring-do, dew, didgeridoo, do, drew, due, endue, ensue, eschew, feu, few, flew, flu, flue, foreknew, glue, gnu, goo, grew, halloo, hereto, hew, Hindu, hitherto, how-do-you-do, hue, Hugh, hullabaloo, imbrue, imbue, jackaroo, Jew, kangaroo, Karroo, Kathmandu, kazoo, Kiangsu, knew, Kru, K2, kung fu, Lahu, Lanzhou, Lao-tzu, lasso, lieu, loo, Lou, Manchu, mangetout, mew, misconstrue, miscue, moo, moue, mu, nardoo, new, non-U, nu, ooh, outdo, outflew, outgrew, peekaboo, Peru, pew, plew, Poitou, pooh, pooh-pooh, potoroo, pursue, queue, revue, roo, roux, rue, Selous, set-to, shampoo, shih-tzu, shoe, shoo, shrew, Sioux, skean dhu, skew, skidoo, slew, smew, snafu, sou, spew, sprue, stew, strew, subdue, sue, switcheroo, taboo, tattoo, thereto, thew, threw, thro, through, thru, tickety-boo, Timbuktu, tiramisu, to-do, too, toodle-oo, true, true-blue, tu-whit tu-whoo, two, vendue, view, vindaloo, virtu, wahoo, wallaroo, Waterloo, well-to-do, whereto, whew, who, withdrew, woo, Wu, yew, you, zoo Definition of to in US English: to preposition 1Expressing motion in the direction of (a particular location) 表示方向向，朝，往；到 walking down to the mall 向南走到商店。 my first visit to Africa 我首次游览非洲。 Example sentencesExamples Yosef, a successful lawyer, commuted hours each day to and from work. They commissioned GAD Architecture, a firm founded in Turkey that has since moved to New York. Last Tuesday I went to a council meeting. Emlyn loudly exited the hotel and went to the station for the Bristol train. He actually dropped to the ground just as a giant pickup rolled over him. Her mum had to take her to hospital every week. 1.1 Expressing location, typically in relation to a specified point of reference. 尤指相对于具体参照点的位置离；在，于 forty miles to the south of the site 在这个地方以南40英里。 place the cursor to the left of the first word 把光标放在第一个词的左边。 Example sentencesExamples The landlocked country is dominated by the rugged Hindu Kush mountains that sweep from the west to the east. The family room to the right of the entrance hall has an unusual colour scheme. It was 850 miles to Singapore Harbor. 1.2 Expressing a point reached at the end of a range or after a period of time. 表示范围、时段到，达 a drop in profits from $105 million to around $75 million 利润从1亿500万英镑降至约7，500万英镑。 from 1938 to 1945 从1938年至1945年。 Example sentencesExamples Prospectors arrived by land or sea and usually operated in groups of six to forty, working claims jointly. The working week is Monday to Friday. The two books covers the dance band era from the 1930s to the 1960s. Another eight to ten million square feet of exhibition space is scheduled to come on line within five years. 1.3British (in telling the time) before (the hour specified) 〈主英〉后接具体钟点用于报时到；在…之前 it's five to ten 10点差5分。 Example sentencesExamples Apologies followed, and at five to three the belated ceremony commenced to the relief of all concerned. It's twenty to one in the morning, and I'm beat. I was awake at ten to six, at the gym by 6:30. 2Approaching or reaching (a particular condition) 倾向于；趋于 Christopher's expression changed from amazement to joy 克里斯托弗的表情由惊奇转为喜悦。 she was close to tears 她眼泪快掉下来了。 Example sentencesExamples The children cry themselves to sleep from hunger. Shackleton's southern party passed the previous ‘furthest south’ record set by Scott, but by January 2 Shackleton was near to breaking point. Can we ever know if an image moved large numbers of people to action, or changed the ways they think about things? I can honestly say that officers and staff had a mixture of feelings ranging from anger to disgust. Back at the king's court, many warily watched the cardinal's rapid rise to power. Synonyms in the direction of, to, toward, so as to approach, so as to near 2.1 Expressing the result of a process or action. 表示结果成，至 smashed to smithereens 捣成碎片。 Example sentencesExamples One had taken a camcorder from someone and proceeded to smash it to pieces. If you buy a pair of trainers and they fall to bits, you won't buy them again. 2.2 Governing a phrase expressing someone's reaction to something. 后接词组表示对某事的反应使 to her astonishment, he smiled 使她震惊的是，他笑了。 Example sentencesExamples Much to his surprise, this small film has turned out to have wide appeal. She actually did dance with Astaire - but to her great regret, only once, in Easter Parade. To our dismay, unknown to us there was a motel only three kilometres down the road. I got 98% in the test but to my annoyance, Janet got 100%. 3Identifying the person or thing affected. 表牵涉到的人、事对（于） you were terribly unkind to her 你对她太不友好了。 Example sentencesExamples I wish you hadn't drawn attention to it. In our marriage the most important factor is commitment and being considerate to each other. I am thankful to Anna and her program for my rehabilitation. When I got out of prison a couple of years ago he actually was very kind to me. 3.1 Identifying the recipient or intended recipient of something. 动作的承受者（给）予；对，于 he wrote a heart-rending letter to the parents I am deeply grateful to my parents 我十分感激我的父母。 Example sentencesExamples I want data sent to me so I can decide how to use it. But either way they won't give money to us. He was on his way back from delivering a present to a friend. 4Identifying a particular relationship between one person and another. 表两人间关系跟，与 he is married to Jan's cousin 他和表妹埃玛结婚了。 economic adviser to the president 总统的经济顾问。 Example sentencesExamples Karen, on the other hand, is a good friend to Daniel, whose young wife has just passed away. She's now very happily engaged to a famous actor. He's married to a sociologist who teaches family studies at the University of Connecticut. Alberto is single, while Ernesto is committed to his pretty, aristocratic girlfriend. She was also special assistant to the cultural affairs commissioner in 1987. 4.1 In various phrases indicating how something is related to something else (often followed by a noun without a determiner) 后常接不带冠词的名词，表关联关于；与…相关 made to order 定制的。 a prelude to disaster 灾难的前奏。 Example sentencesExamples Letting anyone into a country without proper identification and background checks is an invitation to chaos. You can even have your ideal leather coat made to measure by a leather specialist. There's a buffet at lunchtime, with plenty of good salads and dips, or the chef will cook a stir-fry to order. Synonyms to, per, every, each 4.2 Indicating a rate of return on something, e.g., the distance traveled in exchange for fuel used, or an exchange rate that can be obtained in one currency for another. 表示数量的比例关系每 it only does ten miles to the gallon 每加仑汽油只能行驶十英里。 Example sentencesExamples The petrol version will do 16.2 miles to the gallon around town. The peso breached 50 to the dollar, plunging the country further into crisis. With the dollar at $1.24 to the pound, property in Florida was quite an attractive investment. If you fly into wind you will get much less mileage to the litre. 4.3to theMathematics Indicating the power (exponent) to which a number is raised. 〔数〕乘方 ten to the minus thirty-three 10的负33次方。 Example sentencesExamples This is a septillion (10 to the power of 24) times longer than the current age of the universe (about 10 billion years). The smallest scale postulated is the Planck scale of 10 to the minus 33rd power for length and 10 to the minus 43rd of a second for time. 5Indicating that two things are attached. 表示附属、附加属于；附于；归于 he had left his bike chained to a fence they are inextricably linked to this island 〈喻〉他们和这座岛屿有千丝万缕的关系。 Example sentencesExamples It is in the phone company's interest to get more homes linked to the Internet at very high rates of speed. I have also attached the bulletin to this email so you could get a flavor of what we are doing. This dead-end dirt road follows a peaceful stretch of the Housatonic River and connects to the Appalachian Trail. On the other corner, a dozen or so balloons are tied to a pole. 6Concerning or likely to concern (something, especially something abstract) 对于，关于 a threat to world peace 对世界和平的威胁。 a reference to Psalm 22:18 参见《诗篇》22：18。 Example sentencesExamples They raise the specter of technology as a danger to humanity. Pesticides pose risks to both human and nonhuman health if they are found in either surface or ground water. Louis was required to renounce all claim to the English throne and to restore the charters of liberties granted by King John. Although the film contains no direct references to the war, it surely is an allegory on World War II. 7Used to introduce the second element in a comparison. 引出第二个比较成分比 it's nothing to what it once was 比起原先的情况，这算不上什么。 Example sentencesExamples This kid is an angel compared to me though and has never been any trouble. It is simply that I think women are superior to men. Tom told him a story about a parolee who stole a car to get back into jail because he preferred it to home. I prefer men to women. infinitive marker 1Used with the base form of a verb to indicate that the verb is in the infinitive. 与动词原形一起构成动词的不定式尤指 1.1 Expressing purpose or intention. 为了，以便 I set out to buy food 我出去买食品。 I am going to tell you a story 我要给你讲个故事。 we tried to help 我们尽力想帮忙。 Example sentencesExamples I went to get help and by the time I got back he had stopped breathing. My friend and I were determined to do better. Next time I am going to box differently with regard to speed and power. His aim was to be a great artist, and in reality he was. Thieves attempted to gain entry into the cafe on Saturday morning. 1.2 Expressing an outcome, result, or consequence. 以至于；结果是 he was left to die 人们让他自生自灭。 he managed to escape 他想方设法逃跑了。 Example sentencesExamples It's too cold to get out of bed. I decided to stay away from the crowd but close enough to hear the speakers. Parks was ignored and left to fend for herself in poverty for many years. I have always dreamt about earning a living playing polo, and I think I am managing to achieve it. 1.3 Expressing a cause. 因为，由于 I'm sorry to hear that 听到这事儿我很难过。 Example sentencesExamples He was shocked to discover the alleged activities at the university. I was so sorry to read her column slandering the film industry. I'm really pleased to be here. 1.4 Indicating a desired or advisable action. 想要；该 I'd love to go to France this summer 今年夏天我很想去法国。 the leaflet explains how to start a recycling program 小册子上说明了如何开始一门课程。 we asked her to explain 我们要求她做个解释。 Example sentencesExamples There is also information on where to find help with insulation and central heating. You talk about your sister a lot, I'd like to meet her. I want to show everybody I am stronger than he is. She's asked him to seek counseling. 1.5 Indicating a proposition that is known, believed, or reported about a specified person or thing. （知道、相信）是；（报道）说 a house that people believed to be haunted 人们认为在闹鬼的屋子。 Example sentencesExamples To many, she was considered to be a modern Audrey Hepburn with her impeccable style, grace and elegance. Up to seven million people are thought to have been affected. It's a plant whose leaves are said to have many medicinal qualities. 1.6about to Forming a future tense with reference to the immediate future. 即将，就要 he was about to sing 他就要唱了。 Example sentencesExamples Allan's about to get married - he's in Venice organising his pre-nuptial agreement! This news arrived just as a ceasefire was about to come into effect. 1.7 After a noun, indicating its function or purpose. 置于名词后用作 a chair to sit on 用来坐的椅子。 something to eat 吃的东西。 Example sentencesExamples They see no sun in their limited lives, with no hay to lie on, no mud to roll in. He's going to a cabaret, and he has absolutely nothing to wear. We don't have any water to drink. 1.8 After a phrase containing an ordinal number. 置于含序数词的词组后做 the first person to arrive 第一个到的人。 Example sentencesExamples Young male adults were the first to leave, out of fear of being forced to serve in the military. Paula Wolfert was the last to speak and her slides were of various clay pots and dishes. She is the second African-American to hold the post. 2Used without a verb following when the missing verb is clearly understood. 后面省略表示已知动作的动词这么做 he asked her to come but she said she didn't want to 他请她来，但她说她不想来。 Example sentencesExamples I don't want this moment to end, but it's got to. It is your choice if you smoke or not but I think everyone would benefit if we made an effort not to. As much as I didn't want to go, I had to. adverb So as to be closed or nearly closed. 关着；虚掩着 he pulled the door to behind him 他从身后拉上了门。 Example sentencesExamples I went in and pulled the door to. Synonyms secure, secured, fastened, tight, firmly fixed Origin Old English tō (adverb and preposition), of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch toe and German zu.
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