Definition of concrete in English:

concrete

adjective ˈkɒŋkriːt

1Existing in a material or physical form; not abstract.
具体存在的；实在的；有形的
concrete objects like stones
像石头这样的实物。
Example sentencesExamples
- Finlay made his reputation in the 1960s as a concrete poet, an art form in which the physical arrangement of words on the page creates meaning in the poem itself.
- The material home represents the concrete expression of saving ‘for a home of our own’.
- It is grotesquely, disastrously wrong about the Labour Party, and it imposes an abstract answer on a concrete situation.
- Sophocles' dramatic imagination is before all else physical and concrete.
- Students of Sivakasi Nadar Matriculation Higher Secondary School gave form to their dreams by building castles not in the air but from concrete materials.
- So the novel does not rest with the mere depiction of the locations of violence but meticulously examines its concrete, physical ramifications.
- A rock is just as physical and more concrete than a human body, but I would not therefore let my body die for the sake of the rock.
- He argues that space-time points and regions are concrete, physical objects, and so they are not mathematical.
- Brand awareness should be a stepping stone to more concrete action, like opposing sweatshop labour, but it's not an end in itself.
- As an element in cultural categorizations, the role of the human body goes far beyond its concrete physical boundaries.
- Perception of the other person's body as a physical object is an abstraction from this concrete experience of the other person.
- What these churches have to offer, in addition to intangibles like eternal salvation, is concrete, material assistance.
- In architecture, of course, tradition and history come in the very concrete and visible form of existing structures which the designer has to incorporate into any new work.
- When I say this, what I express is not my wish for a pure poetry, but a concrete, physical attitude.
- Poetry allows us to examine science in a way that purely scientific discourse cannot by analogizing abstract concepts into concrete forms.
- First, the concrete tangibility of a visible Pagan structure is what will enable non-Pagans to relate to us positively.
- As Steve notes, giving all Iraqis a very concrete, material stake in the new regime would go a long way to securing a political constituency for the new order.
- In discussing some general problem in nature he always knows how to pick out a typical concrete physical problem and to give it a clear mathematical formulation.
- His poems utilise the abstract power of language in a way that is paralleled by Salcedo's use of pared down, concrete physical form.
- But is also one of the sites where the formation of new claims by informal political actors materializes and assumes concrete form.
Synonyms
solid, material, real, physical, tangible, touchable, tactile, palpable, visible, existing
1. 1.1 Specific; definite.
  具体的；明确的；确定的；确实的
  I haven't got any concrete proof
  我没有任何确实的证据。
  Example sentencesExamples
  It came through concrete example and abstract argument.
  Let us continue to pray for the nation but let us also make concrete plans that are informed by the physical and natural experiences we have garnered over time.
  Almost all of my work stems from a concern with the strange juxtaposition of the very abstract and the very concrete.
  I can't answer it in a very concrete or specific way.
  Fukuyama's arguments are at once too abstract and too concrete.
  The Democrat needs to be concrete and specific.
  Notice how he is more concrete, focusing on existing institutions and building on those to create an articulated Anglosphere.
  In the child's mind these are concrete rules, and physical realities that the child can relate to.
  There is no fast solution, and that's why proposing concrete solutions to specific problems isn't as easy as it sounds.
  Our own proposal is concrete, and has specific policy actions.
  He said that he will have to wait until he gets a concrete sense of what exactly will happen to the physical location of the Bomber.
  Why is it that judges are so concerned about having real, concrete cases and refusing to decide questions in the abstract?
  And you repeat this over and over again, so that even when for example there be concrete instances in which you can document the ongoing existence of racism.
  There was also the concrete link of the physical presence on American soil of the largest contingent of Jews from the Diaspora, as well as the biblical link between Calvinism and Judaism.
  Consequently, teachers must carefully analyze any visual materials for concrete congruency with their lesson objectives.
  In Pinter, this threat does not come in abstract terms; it is concrete and palpable.
  But quite apart from the silliness of it all, it's a usefully concrete, physical metaphor for what much of our software already does.
  The silence of a king can be charming, but the silence of a prime minister on a definite problem means a concrete position.
  I wish I had a more concrete, definite, positive, upbeat answer to give.
  For them, the general feeling of humiliation and powerlessness has materialized in a concrete way.
  Synonyms
  definite, specific, firm, positive, conclusive, definitive
  fixed, decided, set in stone
  factual, actual, real, genuine, substantial, material, tangible
  Latin bona fide
2. 1.2 (of a noun) denoting a material object as opposed to an abstract quality, state, or action.
  （名词）具体的；物质的
  Example sentencesExamples
  No-one gets warm feelings when they hear about a ‘season’ in the abstract as opposed to a particular concrete holiday.
  In Australian materialism space triumphs over concrete place.
  His concrete and physical films are - along with Bresson's Notes de la cinématogaphie - probably still the best lead to the core of the problem.
  The only cure is for them to be caged in solid concrete walls.
  While it is obviously false to say that nouns, as a class, designate concrete objects, we should certainly expect a concrete object to be named by a noun.
  The concrete utterance of a nursery rhyme inaugurates a certain creativity, and absorbs the attention of the child into the world of how sound is made.
  Well firstly because they're concrete objects, and toys they could play with.
  It was, perhaps, his familiarity with Surrealism that caused Wroblewski to endow his art with a combination of concrete and dreamy qualities.
  They are terms used to describe a mysterious state of awareness, or presence, that is the driving or animating force behind the externalized, concrete physical body that surrounds it.
  The count-mass distinction, though explicated most easily on the example of concrete objects and physical substances, applies equally to entities in other domains.
  Moreover, the piece only refers to a concrete physical setting twice.
  I look for concrete qualities like stamina - whether they get tired if they're pushed.
  In the whole 4700-word article, the only concrete example of the language is presented in this passage.
  That is, a species is a concrete particular, not a group noun.
  He compared grammar with geometry because they both abstracted from concrete instances to provide laws and rules for individual cases.
  Abney and Johnson take particular care to define their terms and provide concrete examples backing up their major points.
  Time is as much part of Goldsworthy's palette as any of the concrete materials he uses - when the dome falls apart it's as much a part of the work as when it's just sitting there.
  I've always liked to work with concrete material because dance is very ephemeral.
  Trials with Stockport and Crewe failed to materialise into anything concrete.
  You can't turn abstract ideas into concrete things.

noun ˈkɒŋkriːt

mass noun

A building material made from a mixture of broken stone or gravel, sand, cement, and water, which can be spread or poured into moulds and forms a mass resembling stone on hardening.
混凝土
slabs of concrete
混凝土板。
as modifier concrete blocks
Example sentencesExamples
- Former US president Jimmy Carter laid bricks and spread concrete yesterday as he helped in a low-income housing project.
- The paving - chunks of broken concrete with bands of black river rock set in the mortar between them - feels Spanish.
- A slab foundation is made by building wooden forms and pouring the concrete into these forms.
- The substance of the building is in-situ concrete, in the form of columns and slabs.
- Built of reinforced cement concrete, the house is fireproof.
- Precast concrete, reinforced masonry, and steel angles are commonly used as lintels.
- After that war, he went into the construction business, building anything that required concrete.
- The structure was completed in 1937, using steel and mass concrete with sand quarried in Joe Mangan's field.
- Fresh concrete is then poured over the slabs on site to produce a floor some 10 inches thick.
- With all of this to deal with, which Thai is really worried about falling concrete from abandoned buildings, or being run down in a pedestrian crossing while crossing the street?
- We've discussed in earlier articles some of the considerations required when working with Portland cement concrete.
- All round the site there were nice looking young men, with muscles, shovelling sand, cleaning moulds, and pouring concrete.
- All footpaths will have proper, cement concrete block curb stones.
- The only solid building of brick and concrete is Omar's house.
- Six months on, much of the town is still submerged in broken masonry and fallen concrete.
- The group provides stone and readymix and pre-cast concrete to the construction industry.
- Of course everyone builds ramps, but they don't last very long, so we just started building concrete so it would last.
- In the case of new concrete, any mould oil contamination should be removed by washing with a detergent solution and rinsing with clean water.
- The fitments have been vandalised and the flaking concrete of the buildings is smothered in graffiti.
- You will need to buy a bag of sand mix cement to re-cement the floor area around the sump well and the broken concrete.

verb ˈkɒŋkriːt

[with object]

1Cover (an area) with concrete.
铺（或浇）以混凝土，用混凝土铺筑
the precious English countryside may soon be concreted over
人们所珍爱的英国乡村可能快要被混凝土覆盖了。
Example sentencesExamples
- Flowers, shrubs and neatly mown lawns have been concreted over so people can park their cars there instead.
- The Government has been accused of opening the floodgates to mass development of farmland that could see the countryside concreted over.
- Both banks of the river have been concreted over and are covered with houses.
- For some inexplicable reason the natural paths over Po Toi's beautiful and rugged landscape have been concreted over.
- It will either be landscaped or concreted over in some way.
- And here is Howard himself, suggesting to the citizens of Milton Keynes last Friday that immigration will contribute to their green fields being concreted over.
- The wide ramp will give wheelchair access to the garden at the centre and the volunteers also concreted the shed area in the garden as well as giving the garden a tidy up.
- One part of Tokyo, Sumida, was faced with urban flooding during rain as 80 per cent of its surface area was concreted.
- It was covered over with two pieces of Yorkshire stone which had been concreted over.
- Guangdong is the heartland of China's manufacturing boom, a commercial gold-rush region whose paddy fields have been concreted over with industrial parks over the past 20 years.
- But the past is a fraught and contested site which, like the sunshine state itself, can either be left pristine or concreted over.
- The government has bowed to the pressure and is proposing an ill-thought-out reform of planning controls, which would guarantee that the south-east would be concreted over.
- Anne was the only famous Brontë not be buried in the church crypt at Haworth, near Bradford, which was concreted over earlier this century.
- Ann, 55, said the couple had been condemned to their grey view by a previous owner of the 1847 cottage in Woodhouses who had concreted over the front garden to make a driveway.
- But less than a decade after the agreement was reached, the new meadow is being concreted over to make way for yet more cars.
- This has recently been taken to mean IRA arms dumps must be concreted over or flooded, possibly with some corrosive agent being added.
- People living close to the site packed a public meeting last year about the plans, fearing the only remaining green space in the area would end up concreted over.
- Some well known sights are going to disappear, most notably the ageing Atlantis water park, which will be concreted over for a parade of shops and other facilities, and the Waffle Shop.
- The site has been scrubbed clean and concreted over.
- Several cars routinely park outside the Old Dairy building, which is bordered by a wide concreted area that effectively forms a wide pavement on to the road.
1. 1.1with object and adverbial of place Fix in position with concrete.
  用混凝土固定
  the post is concreted into the ground
  柱子是用混凝土浇注埋入地里的。
  Example sentencesExamples
  Each of our paving slabs, be they 600x600, 300x300 or 600x300 has a little metallic label on the side which, if you forget to remove will not budge once the slab is concreted in.
  Depending on the make and model of the play structure it may need to be concreted into the ground.
  They struck just days after the benches had been concreted into the ground in Old Station Park, Horwich.
  He also replaced the chestnut paling with a chain link fence supported by steel posts concreted into the ground and covered to 1/3 of its height by wooden boarding.
  Just so you know, I too have received a letter (which Xade has reprinted on his blog) and I too have been to pick up a package from a safe concreted in the ground next to a well known Melbourne landmark.
2archaic Form (something) into a mass; solidify.
〈古〉（使）固结；（使）凝固，（使）凝结
the juices of the plants are concreted upon the surface
植物的汁液在其表面凝固了。
Example sentencesExamples
- I found it strangely concreted into lumps, here and there rolling about in the liquid part.
- After standing for thirteen or fourteen hours the sugar concreted into one mass.
- It is the same plastic exudation as that which in some cases becomes concreted into a false membrane.
1. 2.1 Make real or concrete instead of abstract.
  使真实（化）；使具体（化）
  concreting God into actual form of man
  把上帝真实化，使其具有人本身的形象。
  Example sentencesExamples
  Ger Foley had so nearly concreted his team's victory with a point in the 54th minute, giving his side a 0-11 to 1-6 lead.
  In fact, this principle had already guided the site from it's inception, but it was now explicitly concreted into the site's ethic.
  If Moran's goal provided Castlebar with a foundation for victory, they concreted that likelihood when hitting the first three points after the restart.

Phrases

be set in concrete

(of a policy or idea) be fixed and unalterable.
（政策，思想观念）固定不变的，确定的；不可变更的
I do not regard the constitution as set in concrete
我不认为宪法是不可变更的。
Example sentencesExamples
- The Dallas policy, with a few modifications by Rome, is set in concrete.
- My childlike thinking made it difficult to understand consequences without them being set in concrete.
- Even annual maintenance fees, which used to be set in concrete, are sometimes negotiable.
- The date has already been set in concrete, given the logistics of the event and the need for it to run smoothly.
- It made me wonder whether it was set in concrete before I actually made the trek.
- Serville says he is considering opening a new academy in Wellington, but nothing is set in concrete.
- But critics remain skeptical, saying that a decision may already be set in concrete.
- Sunday is set in concrete for your recording time.
- Here, voting patterns have been set in concrete along racial lines since the British began dismantling their empire in the 1950's.
- Conventional media wisdom had been set in concrete.

in the concrete

formal In reality or in practice.
〈正式〉具体地；实际上，事实上
the difference between war in the abstract and war in the concrete
Example sentencesExamples
- But there is no reason why exegesis in the concrete should be considered apart from a theological reading.
- Use the hardness of the aggregates in the concrete, and regularly consult your supplier, to guide your decision about the right diamond product to use.
- Even in the crucible of war, we have discovered that our worst critics love us in the concrete as much as they hate us in the abstract.
- Kiarostami's films are always rooted in the concrete, in specific characters, places, objects.
- Maybe they've lost the capacity to see these lives in the concrete, as individuals, irreplaceable.

Derivatives

concreteness

noun ˈkɒŋkriːtnəsˌkənˈkritnəs

With his usual lack of concreteness, however, he neglects to point out that the most important present challenge to this country comes from the danger of terrorism itself and the priorities it imposes on us.
Example sentencesExamples
- The cinema, as a representational medium, achieves its force through the act of discovering and revealing reality in its concreteness and materiality.
- But I expect some degree of veracity, of concreteness from renderings; they inform and set my expectation of the experience and presence of the architecture.
- The substance was getting there (though it still needs a lot of work), but it was missing vigor, concreteness, punch.
- What he found was a hybrid and rather unsystematic cluster of useful ideas; what he did was give them concreteness and actuality, a local habitation and a name.

Origin

Late Middle English (in the sense 'solidified'): from French concret or Latin concretus, past participle of concrescere 'grow together'. Early use was also as a grammatical term designating a quality belonging to a substance (usually expressed by an adjective such as white in white paper) as opposed to the quality itself (expressed by an abstract noun such as whiteness); later concrete came to be used to refer to nouns embodying attributes (e.g. fool, hero), as opposed to the attributes themselves (e.g. foolishness, heroism), and this is the basis of the modern use as the opposite of 'abstract'. The noun sense 'building material' dates from the mid 19th century.

cement from Middle English:
This is from Old French ciment from Latin caementum ‘quarry stone’. Cement was originally used for the material added to mortar to make something closer to concrete, a term only used for building material from the mid 19th century, but which was used in other senses from Late Middle English. It comes from Latin concrescere ‘grow together’.

Definition of concrete in US English:

concrete

adjective

1Existing in a material or physical form; not abstract.
具体存在的；实在的；有形的
concrete objects like stones
像石头这样的实物。
it exists as a physically concrete form
它以具体物质形式存在。
Example sentencesExamples
- First, the concrete tangibility of a visible Pagan structure is what will enable non-Pagans to relate to us positively.
- The material home represents the concrete expression of saving ‘for a home of our own’.
- In discussing some general problem in nature he always knows how to pick out a typical concrete physical problem and to give it a clear mathematical formulation.
- Brand awareness should be a stepping stone to more concrete action, like opposing sweatshop labour, but it's not an end in itself.
- As an element in cultural categorizations, the role of the human body goes far beyond its concrete physical boundaries.
- What these churches have to offer, in addition to intangibles like eternal salvation, is concrete, material assistance.
- So the novel does not rest with the mere depiction of the locations of violence but meticulously examines its concrete, physical ramifications.
- He argues that space-time points and regions are concrete, physical objects, and so they are not mathematical.
- It is grotesquely, disastrously wrong about the Labour Party, and it imposes an abstract answer on a concrete situation.
- Perception of the other person's body as a physical object is an abstraction from this concrete experience of the other person.
- Poetry allows us to examine science in a way that purely scientific discourse cannot by analogizing abstract concepts into concrete forms.
- Sophocles' dramatic imagination is before all else physical and concrete.
- But is also one of the sites where the formation of new claims by informal political actors materializes and assumes concrete form.
- In architecture, of course, tradition and history come in the very concrete and visible form of existing structures which the designer has to incorporate into any new work.
- His poems utilise the abstract power of language in a way that is paralleled by Salcedo's use of pared down, concrete physical form.
- As Steve notes, giving all Iraqis a very concrete, material stake in the new regime would go a long way to securing a political constituency for the new order.
- Students of Sivakasi Nadar Matriculation Higher Secondary School gave form to their dreams by building castles not in the air but from concrete materials.
- Finlay made his reputation in the 1960s as a concrete poet, an art form in which the physical arrangement of words on the page creates meaning in the poem itself.
- A rock is just as physical and more concrete than a human body, but I would not therefore let my body die for the sake of the rock.
- When I say this, what I express is not my wish for a pure poetry, but a concrete, physical attitude.
Synonyms
solid, material, real, physical, tangible, touchable, tactile, palpable, visible, existing
1. 1.1 Specific; definite.
  具体的；明确的；确定的；确实的
  I haven't got any concrete proof
  我没有任何确实的证据。
  Example sentencesExamples
  In the child's mind these are concrete rules, and physical realities that the child can relate to.
  For them, the general feeling of humiliation and powerlessness has materialized in a concrete way.
  There is no fast solution, and that's why proposing concrete solutions to specific problems isn't as easy as it sounds.
  Why is it that judges are so concerned about having real, concrete cases and refusing to decide questions in the abstract?
  Notice how he is more concrete, focusing on existing institutions and building on those to create an articulated Anglosphere.
  Almost all of my work stems from a concern with the strange juxtaposition of the very abstract and the very concrete.
  Consequently, teachers must carefully analyze any visual materials for concrete congruency with their lesson objectives.
  In Pinter, this threat does not come in abstract terms; it is concrete and palpable.
  Let us continue to pray for the nation but let us also make concrete plans that are informed by the physical and natural experiences we have garnered over time.
  But quite apart from the silliness of it all, it's a usefully concrete, physical metaphor for what much of our software already does.
  He said that he will have to wait until he gets a concrete sense of what exactly will happen to the physical location of the Bomber.
  Fukuyama's arguments are at once too abstract and too concrete.
  I wish I had a more concrete, definite, positive, upbeat answer to give.
  There was also the concrete link of the physical presence on American soil of the largest contingent of Jews from the Diaspora, as well as the biblical link between Calvinism and Judaism.
  Our own proposal is concrete, and has specific policy actions.
  And you repeat this over and over again, so that even when for example there be concrete instances in which you can document the ongoing existence of racism.
  It came through concrete example and abstract argument.
  The silence of a king can be charming, but the silence of a prime minister on a definite problem means a concrete position.
  I can't answer it in a very concrete or specific way.
  The Democrat needs to be concrete and specific.
  Synonyms
  definite, specific, firm, positive, conclusive, definitive
2. 1.2 (of a noun) denoting a material object as opposed to an abstract quality, state, or action.
  （名词）具体的；物质的
  Example sentencesExamples
  They are terms used to describe a mysterious state of awareness, or presence, that is the driving or animating force behind the externalized, concrete physical body that surrounds it.
  I've always liked to work with concrete material because dance is very ephemeral.
  Moreover, the piece only refers to a concrete physical setting twice.
  Abney and Johnson take particular care to define their terms and provide concrete examples backing up their major points.
  It was, perhaps, his familiarity with Surrealism that caused Wroblewski to endow his art with a combination of concrete and dreamy qualities.
  His concrete and physical films are - along with Bresson's Notes de la cinématogaphie - probably still the best lead to the core of the problem.
  Well firstly because they're concrete objects, and toys they could play with.
  He compared grammar with geometry because they both abstracted from concrete instances to provide laws and rules for individual cases.
  No-one gets warm feelings when they hear about a ‘season’ in the abstract as opposed to a particular concrete holiday.
  In Australian materialism space triumphs over concrete place.
  That is, a species is a concrete particular, not a group noun.
  The only cure is for them to be caged in solid concrete walls.
  You can't turn abstract ideas into concrete things.
  While it is obviously false to say that nouns, as a class, designate concrete objects, we should certainly expect a concrete object to be named by a noun.
  Time is as much part of Goldsworthy's palette as any of the concrete materials he uses - when the dome falls apart it's as much a part of the work as when it's just sitting there.
  The concrete utterance of a nursery rhyme inaugurates a certain creativity, and absorbs the attention of the child into the world of how sound is made.
  I look for concrete qualities like stamina - whether they get tired if they're pushed.
  The count-mass distinction, though explicated most easily on the example of concrete objects and physical substances, applies equally to entities in other domains.
  In the whole 4700-word article, the only concrete example of the language is presented in this passage.
  Trials with Stockport and Crewe failed to materialise into anything concrete.

noun

A heavy, rough building material made from a mixture of broken stone or gravel, sand, cement, and water, that can be spread or poured into molds and that forms a mass resembling stone on hardening.
混凝土
slabs of concrete
混凝土板。
as modifier the concrete sidewalk
Example sentencesExamples
- You will need to buy a bag of sand mix cement to re-cement the floor area around the sump well and the broken concrete.
- Built of reinforced cement concrete, the house is fireproof.
- In the case of new concrete, any mould oil contamination should be removed by washing with a detergent solution and rinsing with clean water.
- After that war, he went into the construction business, building anything that required concrete.
- The structure was completed in 1937, using steel and mass concrete with sand quarried in Joe Mangan's field.
- We've discussed in earlier articles some of the considerations required when working with Portland cement concrete.
- The paving - chunks of broken concrete with bands of black river rock set in the mortar between them - feels Spanish.
- All footpaths will have proper, cement concrete block curb stones.
- The substance of the building is in-situ concrete, in the form of columns and slabs.
- The only solid building of brick and concrete is Omar's house.
- Six months on, much of the town is still submerged in broken masonry and fallen concrete.
- The fitments have been vandalised and the flaking concrete of the buildings is smothered in graffiti.
- Fresh concrete is then poured over the slabs on site to produce a floor some 10 inches thick.
- All round the site there were nice looking young men, with muscles, shovelling sand, cleaning moulds, and pouring concrete.
- Precast concrete, reinforced masonry, and steel angles are commonly used as lintels.
- Former US president Jimmy Carter laid bricks and spread concrete yesterday as he helped in a low-income housing project.
- The group provides stone and readymix and pre-cast concrete to the construction industry.
- With all of this to deal with, which Thai is really worried about falling concrete from abandoned buildings, or being run down in a pedestrian crossing while crossing the street?
- A slab foundation is made by building wooden forms and pouring the concrete into these forms.
- Of course everyone builds ramps, but they don't last very long, so we just started building concrete so it would last.

verb

[with object]

1Cover (an area) with concrete.
铺（或浇）以混凝土，用混凝土铺筑
the precious English countryside may soon be concreted over
人们所珍爱的英国乡村可能快要被混凝土覆盖了。
Example sentencesExamples
- This has recently been taken to mean IRA arms dumps must be concreted over or flooded, possibly with some corrosive agent being added.
- But less than a decade after the agreement was reached, the new meadow is being concreted over to make way for yet more cars.
- The site has been scrubbed clean and concreted over.
- For some inexplicable reason the natural paths over Po Toi's beautiful and rugged landscape have been concreted over.
- Guangdong is the heartland of China's manufacturing boom, a commercial gold-rush region whose paddy fields have been concreted over with industrial parks over the past 20 years.
- Some well known sights are going to disappear, most notably the ageing Atlantis water park, which will be concreted over for a parade of shops and other facilities, and the Waffle Shop.
- It was covered over with two pieces of Yorkshire stone which had been concreted over.
- And here is Howard himself, suggesting to the citizens of Milton Keynes last Friday that immigration will contribute to their green fields being concreted over.
- But the past is a fraught and contested site which, like the sunshine state itself, can either be left pristine or concreted over.
- Anne was the only famous Brontë not be buried in the church crypt at Haworth, near Bradford, which was concreted over earlier this century.
- The government has bowed to the pressure and is proposing an ill-thought-out reform of planning controls, which would guarantee that the south-east would be concreted over.
- Ann, 55, said the couple had been condemned to their grey view by a previous owner of the 1847 cottage in Woodhouses who had concreted over the front garden to make a driveway.
- One part of Tokyo, Sumida, was faced with urban flooding during rain as 80 per cent of its surface area was concreted.
- It will either be landscaped or concreted over in some way.
- Flowers, shrubs and neatly mown lawns have been concreted over so people can park their cars there instead.
- The Government has been accused of opening the floodgates to mass development of farmland that could see the countryside concreted over.
- The wide ramp will give wheelchair access to the garden at the centre and the volunteers also concreted the shed area in the garden as well as giving the garden a tidy up.
- People living close to the site packed a public meeting last year about the plans, fearing the only remaining green space in the area would end up concreted over.
- Several cars routinely park outside the Old Dairy building, which is bordered by a wide concreted area that effectively forms a wide pavement on to the road.
- Both banks of the river have been concreted over and are covered with houses.
1. 1.1with object and adverbial of place Fix in position with concrete.
  用混凝土固定
  the post is concreted into the ground
  柱子是用混凝土浇注埋入地里的。
  Example sentencesExamples
  They struck just days after the benches had been concreted into the ground in Old Station Park, Horwich.
  Depending on the make and model of the play structure it may need to be concreted into the ground.
  Just so you know, I too have received a letter (which Xade has reprinted on his blog) and I too have been to pick up a package from a safe concreted in the ground next to a well known Melbourne landmark.
  He also replaced the chestnut paling with a chain link fence supported by steel posts concreted into the ground and covered to 1/3 of its height by wooden boarding.
  Each of our paving slabs, be they 600x600, 300x300 or 600x300 has a little metallic label on the side which, if you forget to remove will not budge once the slab is concreted in.
2archaic Form (something) into a mass; solidify.
〈古〉（使）固结；（使）凝固，（使）凝结
the juices of the plants are concreted upon the surface
植物的汁液在其表面凝固了。
Example sentencesExamples
- It is the same plastic exudation as that which in some cases becomes concreted into a false membrane.
- After standing for thirteen or fourteen hours the sugar concreted into one mass.
- I found it strangely concreted into lumps, here and there rolling about in the liquid part.
1. 2.1 Make real or concrete instead of abstract.
  使真实（化）；使具体（化）
  concreting God into actual form
  把上帝真实化，使其具有人本身的形象。
  Example sentencesExamples
  If Moran's goal provided Castlebar with a foundation for victory, they concreted that likelihood when hitting the first three points after the restart.
  In fact, this principle had already guided the site from it's inception, but it was now explicitly concreted into the site's ethic.
  Ger Foley had so nearly concreted his team's victory with a point in the 54th minute, giving his side a 0-11 to 1-6 lead.

Phrases

be set in concrete

(of a policy or idea) be fixed and unalterable.
（政策，思想观念）固定不变的，确定的；不可变更的
I do not regard the constitution as set in concrete
我不认为宪法是不可变更的。
Example sentencesExamples
- But critics remain skeptical, saying that a decision may already be set in concrete.
- Conventional media wisdom had been set in concrete.
- Here, voting patterns have been set in concrete along racial lines since the British began dismantling their empire in the 1950's.
- The date has already been set in concrete, given the logistics of the event and the need for it to run smoothly.
- The Dallas policy, with a few modifications by Rome, is set in concrete.
- Even annual maintenance fees, which used to be set in concrete, are sometimes negotiable.
- It made me wonder whether it was set in concrete before I actually made the trek.
- Sunday is set in concrete for your recording time.
- Serville says he is considering opening a new academy in Wellington, but nothing is set in concrete.
- My childlike thinking made it difficult to understand consequences without them being set in concrete.

Origin

Late Middle English (in the sense ‘solidified’): from French concret or Latin concretus, past participle of concrescere ‘grow together’. Early use was also as a grammatical term designating a quality belonging to a substance (usually expressed by an adjective such as white in white paper) as opposed to the quality itself (expressed by an abstract noun such as whiteness); later concrete came to be used to refer to nouns embodying attributes (e.g. fool, hero), as opposed to the attributes themselves (e.g. foolishness, heroism), and this is the basis of the modern use as the opposite of ‘abstract’. The noun sense ‘building material’ dates from the mid 19th century.

词汇	concrete
释义	Definition of concrete in English: concrete adjective ˈkɒŋkriːt 1Existing in a material or physical form; not abstract. 具体存在的；实在的；有形的 concrete objects like stones 像石头这样的实物。 Example sentencesExamples Finlay made his reputation in the 1960s as a concrete poet, an art form in which the physical arrangement of words on the page creates meaning in the poem itself. The material home represents the concrete expression of saving ‘for a home of our own’. It is grotesquely, disastrously wrong about the Labour Party, and it imposes an abstract answer on a concrete situation. Sophocles' dramatic imagination is before all else physical and concrete. Students of Sivakasi Nadar Matriculation Higher Secondary School gave form to their dreams by building castles not in the air but from concrete materials. So the novel does not rest with the mere depiction of the locations of violence but meticulously examines its concrete, physical ramifications. A rock is just as physical and more concrete than a human body, but I would not therefore let my body die for the sake of the rock. He argues that space-time points and regions are concrete, physical objects, and so they are not mathematical. Brand awareness should be a stepping stone to more concrete action, like opposing sweatshop labour, but it's not an end in itself. As an element in cultural categorizations, the role of the human body goes far beyond its concrete physical boundaries. Perception of the other person's body as a physical object is an abstraction from this concrete experience of the other person. What these churches have to offer, in addition to intangibles like eternal salvation, is concrete, material assistance. In architecture, of course, tradition and history come in the very concrete and visible form of existing structures which the designer has to incorporate into any new work. When I say this, what I express is not my wish for a pure poetry, but a concrete, physical attitude. Poetry allows us to examine science in a way that purely scientific discourse cannot by analogizing abstract concepts into concrete forms. First, the concrete tangibility of a visible Pagan structure is what will enable non-Pagans to relate to us positively. As Steve notes, giving all Iraqis a very concrete, material stake in the new regime would go a long way to securing a political constituency for the new order. In discussing some general problem in nature he always knows how to pick out a typical concrete physical problem and to give it a clear mathematical formulation. His poems utilise the abstract power of language in a way that is paralleled by Salcedo's use of pared down, concrete physical form. But is also one of the sites where the formation of new claims by informal political actors materializes and assumes concrete form. Synonyms solid, material, real, physical, tangible, touchable, tactile, palpable, visible, existing 1.1 Specific; definite. 具体的；明确的；确定的；确实的 I haven't got any concrete proof 我没有任何确实的证据。 Example sentencesExamples It came through concrete example and abstract argument. Let us continue to pray for the nation but let us also make concrete plans that are informed by the physical and natural experiences we have garnered over time. Almost all of my work stems from a concern with the strange juxtaposition of the very abstract and the very concrete. I can't answer it in a very concrete or specific way. Fukuyama's arguments are at once too abstract and too concrete. The Democrat needs to be concrete and specific. Notice how he is more concrete, focusing on existing institutions and building on those to create an articulated Anglosphere. In the child's mind these are concrete rules, and physical realities that the child can relate to. There is no fast solution, and that's why proposing concrete solutions to specific problems isn't as easy as it sounds. Our own proposal is concrete, and has specific policy actions. He said that he will have to wait until he gets a concrete sense of what exactly will happen to the physical location of the Bomber. Why is it that judges are so concerned about having real, concrete cases and refusing to decide questions in the abstract? And you repeat this over and over again, so that even when for example there be concrete instances in which you can document the ongoing existence of racism. There was also the concrete link of the physical presence on American soil of the largest contingent of Jews from the Diaspora, as well as the biblical link between Calvinism and Judaism. Consequently, teachers must carefully analyze any visual materials for concrete congruency with their lesson objectives. In Pinter, this threat does not come in abstract terms; it is concrete and palpable. But quite apart from the silliness of it all, it's a usefully concrete, physical metaphor for what much of our software already does. The silence of a king can be charming, but the silence of a prime minister on a definite problem means a concrete position. I wish I had a more concrete, definite, positive, upbeat answer to give. For them, the general feeling of humiliation and powerlessness has materialized in a concrete way. Synonyms definite, specific, firm, positive, conclusive, definitive fixed, decided, set in stone factual, actual, real, genuine, substantial, material, tangible Latin bona fide 1.2 (of a noun) denoting a material object as opposed to an abstract quality, state, or action. （名词）具体的；物质的 Example sentencesExamples No-one gets warm feelings when they hear about a ‘season’ in the abstract as opposed to a particular concrete holiday. In Australian materialism space triumphs over concrete place. His concrete and physical films are - along with Bresson's Notes de la cinématogaphie - probably still the best lead to the core of the problem. The only cure is for them to be caged in solid concrete walls. While it is obviously false to say that nouns, as a class, designate concrete objects, we should certainly expect a concrete object to be named by a noun. The concrete utterance of a nursery rhyme inaugurates a certain creativity, and absorbs the attention of the child into the world of how sound is made. Well firstly because they're concrete objects, and toys they could play with. It was, perhaps, his familiarity with Surrealism that caused Wroblewski to endow his art with a combination of concrete and dreamy qualities. They are terms used to describe a mysterious state of awareness, or presence, that is the driving or animating force behind the externalized, concrete physical body that surrounds it. The count-mass distinction, though explicated most easily on the example of concrete objects and physical substances, applies equally to entities in other domains. Moreover, the piece only refers to a concrete physical setting twice. I look for concrete qualities like stamina - whether they get tired if they're pushed. In the whole 4700-word article, the only concrete example of the language is presented in this passage. That is, a species is a concrete particular, not a group noun. He compared grammar with geometry because they both abstracted from concrete instances to provide laws and rules for individual cases. Abney and Johnson take particular care to define their terms and provide concrete examples backing up their major points. Time is as much part of Goldsworthy's palette as any of the concrete materials he uses - when the dome falls apart it's as much a part of the work as when it's just sitting there. I've always liked to work with concrete material because dance is very ephemeral. Trials with Stockport and Crewe failed to materialise into anything concrete. You can't turn abstract ideas into concrete things. noun ˈkɒŋkriːt mass noun A building material made from a mixture of broken stone or gravel, sand, cement, and water, which can be spread or poured into moulds and forms a mass resembling stone on hardening. 混凝土 slabs of concrete 混凝土板。 as modifier concrete blocks Example sentencesExamples Former US president Jimmy Carter laid bricks and spread concrete yesterday as he helped in a low-income housing project. The paving - chunks of broken concrete with bands of black river rock set in the mortar between them - feels Spanish. A slab foundation is made by building wooden forms and pouring the concrete into these forms. The substance of the building is in-situ concrete, in the form of columns and slabs. Built of reinforced cement concrete, the house is fireproof. Precast concrete, reinforced masonry, and steel angles are commonly used as lintels. After that war, he went into the construction business, building anything that required concrete. The structure was completed in 1937, using steel and mass concrete with sand quarried in Joe Mangan's field. Fresh concrete is then poured over the slabs on site to produce a floor some 10 inches thick. With all of this to deal with, which Thai is really worried about falling concrete from abandoned buildings, or being run down in a pedestrian crossing while crossing the street? We've discussed in earlier articles some of the considerations required when working with Portland cement concrete. All round the site there were nice looking young men, with muscles, shovelling sand, cleaning moulds, and pouring concrete. All footpaths will have proper, cement concrete block curb stones. The only solid building of brick and concrete is Omar's house. Six months on, much of the town is still submerged in broken masonry and fallen concrete. The group provides stone and readymix and pre-cast concrete to the construction industry. Of course everyone builds ramps, but they don't last very long, so we just started building concrete so it would last. In the case of new concrete, any mould oil contamination should be removed by washing with a detergent solution and rinsing with clean water. The fitments have been vandalised and the flaking concrete of the buildings is smothered in graffiti. You will need to buy a bag of sand mix cement to re-cement the floor area around the sump well and the broken concrete. verb ˈkɒŋkriːt [with object] 1Cover (an area) with concrete. 铺（或浇）以混凝土，用混凝土铺筑 the precious English countryside may soon be concreted over 人们所珍爱的英国乡村可能快要被混凝土覆盖了。 Example sentencesExamples Flowers, shrubs and neatly mown lawns have been concreted over so people can park their cars there instead. The Government has been accused of opening the floodgates to mass development of farmland that could see the countryside concreted over. Both banks of the river have been concreted over and are covered with houses. For some inexplicable reason the natural paths over Po Toi's beautiful and rugged landscape have been concreted over. It will either be landscaped or concreted over in some way. And here is Howard himself, suggesting to the citizens of Milton Keynes last Friday that immigration will contribute to their green fields being concreted over. The wide ramp will give wheelchair access to the garden at the centre and the volunteers also concreted the shed area in the garden as well as giving the garden a tidy up. One part of Tokyo, Sumida, was faced with urban flooding during rain as 80 per cent of its surface area was concreted. It was covered over with two pieces of Yorkshire stone which had been concreted over. Guangdong is the heartland of China's manufacturing boom, a commercial gold-rush region whose paddy fields have been concreted over with industrial parks over the past 20 years. But the past is a fraught and contested site which, like the sunshine state itself, can either be left pristine or concreted over. The government has bowed to the pressure and is proposing an ill-thought-out reform of planning controls, which would guarantee that the south-east would be concreted over. Anne was the only famous Brontë not be buried in the church crypt at Haworth, near Bradford, which was concreted over earlier this century. Ann, 55, said the couple had been condemned to their grey view by a previous owner of the 1847 cottage in Woodhouses who had concreted over the front garden to make a driveway. But less than a decade after the agreement was reached, the new meadow is being concreted over to make way for yet more cars. This has recently been taken to mean IRA arms dumps must be concreted over or flooded, possibly with some corrosive agent being added. People living close to the site packed a public meeting last year about the plans, fearing the only remaining green space in the area would end up concreted over. Some well known sights are going to disappear, most notably the ageing Atlantis water park, which will be concreted over for a parade of shops and other facilities, and the Waffle Shop. The site has been scrubbed clean and concreted over. Several cars routinely park outside the Old Dairy building, which is bordered by a wide concreted area that effectively forms a wide pavement on to the road. 1.1with object and adverbial of place Fix in position with concrete. 用混凝土固定 the post is concreted into the ground 柱子是用混凝土浇注埋入地里的。 Example sentencesExamples Each of our paving slabs, be they 600x600, 300x300 or 600x300 has a little metallic label on the side which, if you forget to remove will not budge once the slab is concreted in. Depending on the make and model of the play structure it may need to be concreted into the ground. They struck just days after the benches had been concreted into the ground in Old Station Park, Horwich. He also replaced the chestnut paling with a chain link fence supported by steel posts concreted into the ground and covered to 1/3 of its height by wooden boarding. Just so you know, I too have received a letter (which Xade has reprinted on his blog) and I too have been to pick up a package from a safe concreted in the ground next to a well known Melbourne landmark. 2archaic Form (something) into a mass; solidify. 〈古〉（使）固结；（使）凝固，（使）凝结 the juices of the plants are concreted upon the surface 植物的汁液在其表面凝固了。 Example sentencesExamples I found it strangely concreted into lumps, here and there rolling about in the liquid part. After standing for thirteen or fourteen hours the sugar concreted into one mass. It is the same plastic exudation as that which in some cases becomes concreted into a false membrane. 2.1 Make real or concrete instead of abstract. 使真实（化）；使具体（化） concreting God into actual form of man 把上帝真实化，使其具有人本身的形象。 Example sentencesExamples Ger Foley had so nearly concreted his team's victory with a point in the 54th minute, giving his side a 0-11 to 1-6 lead. In fact, this principle had already guided the site from it's inception, but it was now explicitly concreted into the site's ethic. If Moran's goal provided Castlebar with a foundation for victory, they concreted that likelihood when hitting the first three points after the restart. Phrases be set in concrete (of a policy or idea) be fixed and unalterable. （政策，思想观念）固定不变的，确定的；不可变更的 I do not regard the constitution as set in concrete 我不认为宪法是不可变更的。 Example sentencesExamples The Dallas policy, with a few modifications by Rome, is set in concrete. My childlike thinking made it difficult to understand consequences without them being set in concrete. Even annual maintenance fees, which used to be set in concrete, are sometimes negotiable. The date has already been set in concrete, given the logistics of the event and the need for it to run smoothly. It made me wonder whether it was set in concrete before I actually made the trek. Serville says he is considering opening a new academy in Wellington, but nothing is set in concrete. But critics remain skeptical, saying that a decision may already be set in concrete. Sunday is set in concrete for your recording time. Here, voting patterns have been set in concrete along racial lines since the British began dismantling their empire in the 1950's. Conventional media wisdom had been set in concrete. in the concrete formal In reality or in practice. 〈正式〉具体地；实际上，事实上 the difference between war in the abstract and war in the concrete Example sentencesExamples But there is no reason why exegesis in the concrete should be considered apart from a theological reading. Use the hardness of the aggregates in the concrete, and regularly consult your supplier, to guide your decision about the right diamond product to use. Even in the crucible of war, we have discovered that our worst critics love us in the concrete as much as they hate us in the abstract. Kiarostami's films are always rooted in the concrete, in specific characters, places, objects. Maybe they've lost the capacity to see these lives in the concrete, as individuals, irreplaceable. Derivatives concreteness noun ˈkɒŋkriːtnəsˌkənˈkritnəs With his usual lack of concreteness, however, he neglects to point out that the most important present challenge to this country comes from the danger of terrorism itself and the priorities it imposes on us. Example sentencesExamples The cinema, as a representational medium, achieves its force through the act of discovering and revealing reality in its concreteness and materiality. But I expect some degree of veracity, of concreteness from renderings; they inform and set my expectation of the experience and presence of the architecture. The substance was getting there (though it still needs a lot of work), but it was missing vigor, concreteness, punch. What he found was a hybrid and rather unsystematic cluster of useful ideas; what he did was give them concreteness and actuality, a local habitation and a name. Origin Late Middle English (in the sense 'solidified'): from French concret or Latin concretus, past participle of concrescere 'grow together'. Early use was also as a grammatical term designating a quality belonging to a substance (usually expressed by an adjective such as white in white paper) as opposed to the quality itself (expressed by an abstract noun such as whiteness); later concrete came to be used to refer to nouns embodying attributes (e.g. fool, hero), as opposed to the attributes themselves (e.g. foolishness, heroism), and this is the basis of the modern use as the opposite of 'abstract'. The noun sense 'building material' dates from the mid 19th century. cement from Middle English: This is from Old French ciment from Latin caementum ‘quarry stone’. Cement was originally used for the material added to mortar to make something closer to concrete, a term only used for building material from the mid 19th century, but which was used in other senses from Late Middle English. It comes from Latin concrescere ‘grow together’. adj.1 phr. Definition of concrete in US English: concrete adjective 1Existing in a material or physical form; not abstract. 具体存在的；实在的；有形的 concrete objects like stones 像石头这样的实物。 it exists as a physically concrete form 它以具体物质形式存在。 Example sentencesExamples First, the concrete tangibility of a visible Pagan structure is what will enable non-Pagans to relate to us positively. The material home represents the concrete expression of saving ‘for a home of our own’. In discussing some general problem in nature he always knows how to pick out a typical concrete physical problem and to give it a clear mathematical formulation. Brand awareness should be a stepping stone to more concrete action, like opposing sweatshop labour, but it's not an end in itself. As an element in cultural categorizations, the role of the human body goes far beyond its concrete physical boundaries. What these churches have to offer, in addition to intangibles like eternal salvation, is concrete, material assistance. So the novel does not rest with the mere depiction of the locations of violence but meticulously examines its concrete, physical ramifications. He argues that space-time points and regions are concrete, physical objects, and so they are not mathematical. It is grotesquely, disastrously wrong about the Labour Party, and it imposes an abstract answer on a concrete situation. Perception of the other person's body as a physical object is an abstraction from this concrete experience of the other person. Poetry allows us to examine science in a way that purely scientific discourse cannot by analogizing abstract concepts into concrete forms. Sophocles' dramatic imagination is before all else physical and concrete. But is also one of the sites where the formation of new claims by informal political actors materializes and assumes concrete form. In architecture, of course, tradition and history come in the very concrete and visible form of existing structures which the designer has to incorporate into any new work. His poems utilise the abstract power of language in a way that is paralleled by Salcedo's use of pared down, concrete physical form. As Steve notes, giving all Iraqis a very concrete, material stake in the new regime would go a long way to securing a political constituency for the new order. Students of Sivakasi Nadar Matriculation Higher Secondary School gave form to their dreams by building castles not in the air but from concrete materials. Finlay made his reputation in the 1960s as a concrete poet, an art form in which the physical arrangement of words on the page creates meaning in the poem itself. A rock is just as physical and more concrete than a human body, but I would not therefore let my body die for the sake of the rock. When I say this, what I express is not my wish for a pure poetry, but a concrete, physical attitude. Synonyms solid, material, real, physical, tangible, touchable, tactile, palpable, visible, existing 1.1 Specific; definite. 具体的；明确的；确定的；确实的 I haven't got any concrete proof 我没有任何确实的证据。 Example sentencesExamples In the child's mind these are concrete rules, and physical realities that the child can relate to. For them, the general feeling of humiliation and powerlessness has materialized in a concrete way. There is no fast solution, and that's why proposing concrete solutions to specific problems isn't as easy as it sounds. Why is it that judges are so concerned about having real, concrete cases and refusing to decide questions in the abstract? Notice how he is more concrete, focusing on existing institutions and building on those to create an articulated Anglosphere. Almost all of my work stems from a concern with the strange juxtaposition of the very abstract and the very concrete. Consequently, teachers must carefully analyze any visual materials for concrete congruency with their lesson objectives. In Pinter, this threat does not come in abstract terms; it is concrete and palpable. Let us continue to pray for the nation but let us also make concrete plans that are informed by the physical and natural experiences we have garnered over time. But quite apart from the silliness of it all, it's a usefully concrete, physical metaphor for what much of our software already does. He said that he will have to wait until he gets a concrete sense of what exactly will happen to the physical location of the Bomber. Fukuyama's arguments are at once too abstract and too concrete. I wish I had a more concrete, definite, positive, upbeat answer to give. There was also the concrete link of the physical presence on American soil of the largest contingent of Jews from the Diaspora, as well as the biblical link between Calvinism and Judaism. Our own proposal is concrete, and has specific policy actions. And you repeat this over and over again, so that even when for example there be concrete instances in which you can document the ongoing existence of racism. It came through concrete example and abstract argument. The silence of a king can be charming, but the silence of a prime minister on a definite problem means a concrete position. I can't answer it in a very concrete or specific way. The Democrat needs to be concrete and specific. Synonyms definite, specific, firm, positive, conclusive, definitive 1.2 (of a noun) denoting a material object as opposed to an abstract quality, state, or action. （名词）具体的；物质的 Example sentencesExamples They are terms used to describe a mysterious state of awareness, or presence, that is the driving or animating force behind the externalized, concrete physical body that surrounds it. I've always liked to work with concrete material because dance is very ephemeral. Moreover, the piece only refers to a concrete physical setting twice. Abney and Johnson take particular care to define their terms and provide concrete examples backing up their major points. It was, perhaps, his familiarity with Surrealism that caused Wroblewski to endow his art with a combination of concrete and dreamy qualities. His concrete and physical films are - along with Bresson's Notes de la cinématogaphie - probably still the best lead to the core of the problem. Well firstly because they're concrete objects, and toys they could play with. He compared grammar with geometry because they both abstracted from concrete instances to provide laws and rules for individual cases. No-one gets warm feelings when they hear about a ‘season’ in the abstract as opposed to a particular concrete holiday. In Australian materialism space triumphs over concrete place. That is, a species is a concrete particular, not a group noun. The only cure is for them to be caged in solid concrete walls. You can't turn abstract ideas into concrete things. While it is obviously false to say that nouns, as a class, designate concrete objects, we should certainly expect a concrete object to be named by a noun. Time is as much part of Goldsworthy's palette as any of the concrete materials he uses - when the dome falls apart it's as much a part of the work as when it's just sitting there. The concrete utterance of a nursery rhyme inaugurates a certain creativity, and absorbs the attention of the child into the world of how sound is made. I look for concrete qualities like stamina - whether they get tired if they're pushed. The count-mass distinction, though explicated most easily on the example of concrete objects and physical substances, applies equally to entities in other domains. In the whole 4700-word article, the only concrete example of the language is presented in this passage. Trials with Stockport and Crewe failed to materialise into anything concrete. noun A heavy, rough building material made from a mixture of broken stone or gravel, sand, cement, and water, that can be spread or poured into molds and that forms a mass resembling stone on hardening. 混凝土 slabs of concrete 混凝土板。 as modifier the concrete sidewalk Example sentencesExamples You will need to buy a bag of sand mix cement to re-cement the floor area around the sump well and the broken concrete. Built of reinforced cement concrete, the house is fireproof. In the case of new concrete, any mould oil contamination should be removed by washing with a detergent solution and rinsing with clean water. After that war, he went into the construction business, building anything that required concrete. The structure was completed in 1937, using steel and mass concrete with sand quarried in Joe Mangan's field. We've discussed in earlier articles some of the considerations required when working with Portland cement concrete. The paving - chunks of broken concrete with bands of black river rock set in the mortar between them - feels Spanish. All footpaths will have proper, cement concrete block curb stones. The substance of the building is in-situ concrete, in the form of columns and slabs. The only solid building of brick and concrete is Omar's house. Six months on, much of the town is still submerged in broken masonry and fallen concrete. The fitments have been vandalised and the flaking concrete of the buildings is smothered in graffiti. Fresh concrete is then poured over the slabs on site to produce a floor some 10 inches thick. All round the site there were nice looking young men, with muscles, shovelling sand, cleaning moulds, and pouring concrete. Precast concrete, reinforced masonry, and steel angles are commonly used as lintels. Former US president Jimmy Carter laid bricks and spread concrete yesterday as he helped in a low-income housing project. The group provides stone and readymix and pre-cast concrete to the construction industry. With all of this to deal with, which Thai is really worried about falling concrete from abandoned buildings, or being run down in a pedestrian crossing while crossing the street? A slab foundation is made by building wooden forms and pouring the concrete into these forms. Of course everyone builds ramps, but they don't last very long, so we just started building concrete so it would last. verb [with object] 1Cover (an area) with concrete. 铺（或浇）以混凝土，用混凝土铺筑 the precious English countryside may soon be concreted over 人们所珍爱的英国乡村可能快要被混凝土覆盖了。 Example sentencesExamples This has recently been taken to mean IRA arms dumps must be concreted over or flooded, possibly with some corrosive agent being added. But less than a decade after the agreement was reached, the new meadow is being concreted over to make way for yet more cars. The site has been scrubbed clean and concreted over. For some inexplicable reason the natural paths over Po Toi's beautiful and rugged landscape have been concreted over. Guangdong is the heartland of China's manufacturing boom, a commercial gold-rush region whose paddy fields have been concreted over with industrial parks over the past 20 years. Some well known sights are going to disappear, most notably the ageing Atlantis water park, which will be concreted over for a parade of shops and other facilities, and the Waffle Shop. It was covered over with two pieces of Yorkshire stone which had been concreted over. And here is Howard himself, suggesting to the citizens of Milton Keynes last Friday that immigration will contribute to their green fields being concreted over. But the past is a fraught and contested site which, like the sunshine state itself, can either be left pristine or concreted over. Anne was the only famous Brontë not be buried in the church crypt at Haworth, near Bradford, which was concreted over earlier this century. The government has bowed to the pressure and is proposing an ill-thought-out reform of planning controls, which would guarantee that the south-east would be concreted over. Ann, 55, said the couple had been condemned to their grey view by a previous owner of the 1847 cottage in Woodhouses who had concreted over the front garden to make a driveway. One part of Tokyo, Sumida, was faced with urban flooding during rain as 80 per cent of its surface area was concreted. It will either be landscaped or concreted over in some way. Flowers, shrubs and neatly mown lawns have been concreted over so people can park their cars there instead. The Government has been accused of opening the floodgates to mass development of farmland that could see the countryside concreted over. The wide ramp will give wheelchair access to the garden at the centre and the volunteers also concreted the shed area in the garden as well as giving the garden a tidy up. People living close to the site packed a public meeting last year about the plans, fearing the only remaining green space in the area would end up concreted over. Several cars routinely park outside the Old Dairy building, which is bordered by a wide concreted area that effectively forms a wide pavement on to the road. Both banks of the river have been concreted over and are covered with houses. 1.1with object and adverbial of place Fix in position with concrete. 用混凝土固定 the post is concreted into the ground 柱子是用混凝土浇注埋入地里的。 Example sentencesExamples They struck just days after the benches had been concreted into the ground in Old Station Park, Horwich. Depending on the make and model of the play structure it may need to be concreted into the ground. Just so you know, I too have received a letter (which Xade has reprinted on his blog) and I too have been to pick up a package from a safe concreted in the ground next to a well known Melbourne landmark. He also replaced the chestnut paling with a chain link fence supported by steel posts concreted into the ground and covered to 1/3 of its height by wooden boarding. Each of our paving slabs, be they 600x600, 300x300 or 600x300 has a little metallic label on the side which, if you forget to remove will not budge once the slab is concreted in. 2archaic Form (something) into a mass; solidify. 〈古〉（使）固结；（使）凝固，（使）凝结 the juices of the plants are concreted upon the surface 植物的汁液在其表面凝固了。 Example sentencesExamples It is the same plastic exudation as that which in some cases becomes concreted into a false membrane. After standing for thirteen or fourteen hours the sugar concreted into one mass. I found it strangely concreted into lumps, here and there rolling about in the liquid part. 2.1 Make real or concrete instead of abstract. 使真实（化）；使具体（化） concreting God into actual form 把上帝真实化，使其具有人本身的形象。 Example sentencesExamples If Moran's goal provided Castlebar with a foundation for victory, they concreted that likelihood when hitting the first three points after the restart. In fact, this principle had already guided the site from it's inception, but it was now explicitly concreted into the site's ethic. Ger Foley had so nearly concreted his team's victory with a point in the 54th minute, giving his side a 0-11 to 1-6 lead. Phrases be set in concrete (of a policy or idea) be fixed and unalterable. （政策，思想观念）固定不变的，确定的；不可变更的 I do not regard the constitution as set in concrete 我不认为宪法是不可变更的。 Example sentencesExamples But critics remain skeptical, saying that a decision may already be set in concrete. Conventional media wisdom had been set in concrete. Here, voting patterns have been set in concrete along racial lines since the British began dismantling their empire in the 1950's. The date has already been set in concrete, given the logistics of the event and the need for it to run smoothly. The Dallas policy, with a few modifications by Rome, is set in concrete. Even annual maintenance fees, which used to be set in concrete, are sometimes negotiable. It made me wonder whether it was set in concrete before I actually made the trek. Sunday is set in concrete for your recording time. Serville says he is considering opening a new academy in Wellington, but nothing is set in concrete. My childlike thinking made it difficult to understand consequences without them being set in concrete. Origin Late Middle English (in the sense ‘solidified’): from French concret or Latin concretus, past participle of concrescere ‘grow together’. Early use was also as a grammatical term designating a quality belonging to a substance (usually expressed by an adjective such as white in white paper) as opposed to the quality itself (expressed by an abstract noun such as whiteness); later concrete came to be used to refer to nouns embodying attributes (e.g. fool, hero), as opposed to the attributes themselves (e.g. foolishness, heroism), and this is the basis of the modern use as the opposite of ‘abstract’. The noun sense ‘building material’ dates from the mid 19th century. adj.1 phr.
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