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词汇 cleave
释义

cleave1

verbcloven, cleft, cleaved, clove kliːvkliv
[with object]
  • 1Split or sever (something), especially along a natural line or grain.

    (尤指沿自然纹理)劈开;切断

    the large chopper his father used to cleave wood for the fire

    他父亲曾用来劈柴火的大斧头。

    Example sentencesExamples
    • First cleaving the silk thread into a single strands, she then dyed them in different colours and gave free rein to her creative impulses through transcendent stitching skills.
    • It's the fabled Cilician Gates that gave Alexander access to the wealth of Asia, a great, cleaving gap in a mountain range.
    • The ax clove the rest of the sword in two, missing Drew's flesh by inches.
    • He effortlessly cleaved a log in half, then into quarters lengthwise, before straightening to look at her again.
    • His every word cleft my mother's soul like a scimitar.
    • Being questioned about their delay, they replied that it was due to a violent tempest, and that, the sea being cloven [parted] their prow struck against a rock and was broken.
    • He swung the mighty blade with one arm cleaving the ground and splitting the tiles around it.
    • A beetle and froe were used for cleaving the sawn pieces, then a hatchet and drawshave were needed to roughly shape the lengths of wood.
    • As we all know, this issue has caused massive issues for the party internally, this divide cleaves the party right down to its lowest level.
    • The ship itself was sailing through a frosty sea, and frequently the prow reared up and clove a vast iceberg in two before continuing.
    • And when we play, it tends to cleave the audience right down the middle - half of them are really excited, and half of them are totally repulsed.
    • The majesty is not cloven in two nor the glory divided.
    • Forget about the digital divide - it's the domestic divide that really cleaves this country in two.
    • As if he anticipated, Valaan chopped outward with one arm, and the tendrils were cloven in half.
    • Especially around Washington, it was inevitable that speculation about the identity of the killer would cleave along ideological lines.
    • Their legs were like those of men but their feet were cloven like calves' feet and shone like burning brass.
    • You never find out, because you never go back; but sometimes, chance cleaves a rip in the fabric of time, and you return, a stranger.
    Synonyms
    split, split open, crack open, lay open, divide, sever, splinter
    cut (up), hew, hack, chop up, slice up, halve, bisect, quarter
    literary rend
    archaic sunder, rive
    1. 1.1 Split (a molecule) by breaking a particular chemical bond.
      (通过切断某化学键)分裂(分子)
      Example sentencesExamples
      • For almost a century, industrial chemists have had to rely on hellishly high temperatures and gas pressures to cleave the tenacious chemical bond that holds together each two-atom nitrogen molecule.
      • Biogen 1 discloses that the way to do it is to choose the restriction enzymes likely to cleave the Dane particle DNA into the largest fragments.
      • All of these enzymes recognize specific four-residue sequences and cleave peptide bonds located strictly after an Asp group.
      • These are the properties expected of mutants lacking an enzyme that cleaves joint molecules.
      • The only function for renin is to cleave a 10-amino acid peptide from the N-terminal end of angiotensinogen.
    2. 1.2Biology no object (of a cell) divide.
      〔生〕(细胞)分裂
      the egg cleaves to form a mulberry-shaped cluster of cells

      卵子分裂,形成一簇桑葚状的细胞。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • As the egg cleaves, the amount of cytoplasm does not increase, but the amount of DNA does.
      • FDA can pass through the cell membrane whereupon intracellular esterases cleave off the diacetate group.
      • A metazoan body develops as the egg cleaves into cells that then proliferate in a branching pattern of mitoses to produce a cell tree.
      • Total DNA isolated from these yeast cells was treated with SmaI to cleave off one telomeric end.
      • The arrow points to a mitotic figure cleaving off a narrow cell from a semi-regular hexagon cell.
    3. 1.3 Make a way through (something) forcefully, as if by splitting it apart.
      开(路),穿过
      they watched a coot cleave the smooth water

      他们看一只蹼鸡穿过平滑的水面。

      no object an unstoppable warrior clove through their ranks

      一个势不可挡的战士在他们的队伍中杀出一条血路。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • Still weary, he followed behind me as I cleaved through the crowds toward Elizabeth.
      • Like an icicle being stepped on, the iceberg split into pieces as the bombs ripped through it, fire cleaving a line clean through the middle.
      • Three such soldiers were there at this time, cleaving through waves of eye laden stalks as they rose from the dust.
      • A thundering, prehistoric steam engine cleaves the crowd, whistle screaming, a velvet column billowing into the dark.
      • Rather than take I - 25, which cleaves the plains from Wyoming south to New Mexico, I decided to thumb the blue highways down the spine of the Rockies.
      • Seres disappeared into the fray, a pair of short blades cleaving a path through the enemy that had rushed into the clearing.
      • Everything from a Hammond to a horn section works through nine songs fit for a daydreamer waiting for the sun to cleave the clouds.
      Synonyms
      plough, drive, bulldoze, cut, carve, make

Derivatives

  • cleavable

  • adjective ˈkliːvəb(ə)lˈklivəb(ə)l
    • Spiroff reports cleavable masses of black calcite, with the color probably due to inclusions of chalcocite or tenorite.
      Example sentencesExamples
      • The MspI site is therefore polymorphic and can be detected as a cleavable amplified polymorphic sequence marker.
      • The cleavable complex is not thought to collapse spontaneously and is fully reversible.
      • For instance, the phage repressors from λ, P22, phage 434 or Φ80 all contain a cleavable internal site within the C-terminal domain.
      • It is frequently seen in fine-grained, compact, and/or cleavable masses.

Origin

Old English clēofan, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch klieven and German klieben.

  • clove from Middle English:

    You might have two different types of clove in your kitchen cupboard, one in a jar on the spice rack and one in a garlic bulb. These are two different words. The spice clove comes from Old French clou de girofle (source of the name gillyflower for the similarly scented pink), meaning ‘nail of the clove tree’. You can see why—cloves look like nails. The clove of garlic is an Old English word related to cleave (Old English) and cloven (Middle English).

Rhymes

achieve, believe, breve, conceive, deceive, eve, greave, grieve, heave, interleave, interweave, khedive, leave, misconceive, naive, Neve, peeve, perceive, reave, receive, reive, relieve, reprieve, retrieve, sheave, sleeve, steeve, Steve, Tananarive, Tel Aviv, thieve, underachieve, upheave, weave, we've, Yves

cleave2

verbcloven, cleft, cleaved, clove kliːvkliv
[no object]cleave toliterary
  • 1Stick fast to.

    〈诗/文〉黏着,粘住

    Rose's mouth was dry, her tongue cleaving to the roof of her mouth

    罗斯口干舌燥,舌头黏着上颚。

    Example sentencesExamples
    • A spewed file of papers fills up the workspace and cleaves to the surface trying not to buck with every faint gust of breeze.
    • The tongue of the suckling infant cleaves to its palate for thirst; young children beg for bread, no one extends it to them.
    • However applications still cleave to simple two-dimensional metaphors.
    • The other road, my father's favourite, cleaves to the coast round Torr Head.
    • The music just cleaved to the story; it belongs to the images like nothing else I've ever tried to do.
    Synonyms
    stick to, stick fast to, be stuck to, adhere to, cohere to, be attached to, bond to
    1. 1.1 Adhere strongly to (a particular pursuit or belief)
      忠于,坚持(追求,信仰)
      part of why we cleave to sports is that excellence is so measurable

      我们坚持体育运动的部分原因是优异成绩很容易测评。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • I know for a fact I could stand to be kinder, more generous, fiercer in cleaving to the good, true and beautiful.
      • It struck a chord with one of the superstore's workers, who cleaves to anonymity presumably to cleave to her job.
      • Jean Bodin's famous definition of 1576 of the commonwealth was one which the following century could instinctively cleave to.
      • Nobody gets points for being virtuous and cleaving to fidelity when there are no opportunities to do otherwise.
      • I concluded that I rather regret not having completely cleaved to the letter of the law.
      Synonyms
      adhere to, hold to, cling to, stand by, abide by, be loyal to, be faithful to, remain true to
    2. 1.2 Become very strongly involved with or emotionally attached to (someone)
      专心于;依恋(某人)
      it was his choice to cleave to the Brownings

      他选择忠于布朗宁夫妇。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • Only on that basis can the relationship be one in which he genuinely cleaves to her and becomes one with her.
      • Ruth cleaves to Naomi and returns with her to Bethlehem, while Orpha remains in Moab.
      • She cleaves to whichever man is available and is unable to face the idea of being alone even if the alternative is constant verbal abuse and physical rejection.
      • For this cause shall a man leave father and mother and shall cleave to his wife, and they twain shall be one flesh.
      Synonyms
      adhere to, hold to, cling to, stand by, abide by, be loyal to, be faithful to, remain true to

Origin

Old English cleofian, clifian, clīfan, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch kleven and German kleben, also to clay and climb.

cleave1

verbklēvkliv
[with object]
  • 1Split or sever (something), especially along a natural line or grain.

    (尤指沿自然纹理)劈开;切断

    the large ax his father used to cleave wood for the fire

    他父亲曾用来劈柴火的大斧头。

    Example sentencesExamples
    • As we all know, this issue has caused massive issues for the party internally, this divide cleaves the party right down to its lowest level.
    • It's the fabled Cilician Gates that gave Alexander access to the wealth of Asia, a great, cleaving gap in a mountain range.
    • First cleaving the silk thread into a single strands, she then dyed them in different colours and gave free rein to her creative impulses through transcendent stitching skills.
    • The ax clove the rest of the sword in two, missing Drew's flesh by inches.
    • He effortlessly cleaved a log in half, then into quarters lengthwise, before straightening to look at her again.
    • He swung the mighty blade with one arm cleaving the ground and splitting the tiles around it.
    • Their legs were like those of men but their feet were cloven like calves' feet and shone like burning brass.
    • The majesty is not cloven in two nor the glory divided.
    • His every word cleft my mother's soul like a scimitar.
    • Being questioned about their delay, they replied that it was due to a violent tempest, and that, the sea being cloven [parted] their prow struck against a rock and was broken.
    • The ship itself was sailing through a frosty sea, and frequently the prow reared up and clove a vast iceberg in two before continuing.
    • And when we play, it tends to cleave the audience right down the middle - half of them are really excited, and half of them are totally repulsed.
    • You never find out, because you never go back; but sometimes, chance cleaves a rip in the fabric of time, and you return, a stranger.
    • As if he anticipated, Valaan chopped outward with one arm, and the tendrils were cloven in half.
    • Especially around Washington, it was inevitable that speculation about the identity of the killer would cleave along ideological lines.
    • A beetle and froe were used for cleaving the sawn pieces, then a hatchet and drawshave were needed to roughly shape the lengths of wood.
    • Forget about the digital divide - it's the domestic divide that really cleaves this country in two.
    Synonyms
    split, split open, crack open, lay open, divide, sever, splinter
    1. 1.1 Split (a molecule) by breaking a particular chemical bond.
      (通过切断某化学键)分裂(分子)
      Example sentencesExamples
      • These are the properties expected of mutants lacking an enzyme that cleaves joint molecules.
      • For almost a century, industrial chemists have had to rely on hellishly high temperatures and gas pressures to cleave the tenacious chemical bond that holds together each two-atom nitrogen molecule.
      • The only function for renin is to cleave a 10-amino acid peptide from the N-terminal end of angiotensinogen.
      • All of these enzymes recognize specific four-residue sequences and cleave peptide bonds located strictly after an Asp group.
      • Biogen 1 discloses that the way to do it is to choose the restriction enzymes likely to cleave the Dane particle DNA into the largest fragments.
    2. 1.2Biology no object (of a cell) divide.
      〔生〕(细胞)分裂
      the egg cleaves to form a mulberry-shaped cluster of cells

      卵子分裂,形成一簇桑葚状的细胞。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • A metazoan body develops as the egg cleaves into cells that then proliferate in a branching pattern of mitoses to produce a cell tree.
      • As the egg cleaves, the amount of cytoplasm does not increase, but the amount of DNA does.
      • The arrow points to a mitotic figure cleaving off a narrow cell from a semi-regular hexagon cell.
      • FDA can pass through the cell membrane whereupon intracellular esterases cleave off the diacetate group.
      • Total DNA isolated from these yeast cells was treated with SmaI to cleave off one telomeric end.
    3. 1.3 Make a way through (something) forcefully, as if by splitting it apart.
      开(路),穿过
      they watched a coot cleave the smooth water

      他们看一只蹼鸡穿过平滑的水面。

      no object an unstoppable warrior clove through their ranks

      一个势不可挡的战士在他们的队伍中杀出一条血路。

      Stan was off, cleaving a path through the traffic

      斯坦在车流间开路走了。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • Rather than take I - 25, which cleaves the plains from Wyoming south to New Mexico, I decided to thumb the blue highways down the spine of the Rockies.
      • Still weary, he followed behind me as I cleaved through the crowds toward Elizabeth.
      • Seres disappeared into the fray, a pair of short blades cleaving a path through the enemy that had rushed into the clearing.
      • Everything from a Hammond to a horn section works through nine songs fit for a daydreamer waiting for the sun to cleave the clouds.
      • Three such soldiers were there at this time, cleaving through waves of eye laden stalks as they rose from the dust.
      • Like an icicle being stepped on, the iceberg split into pieces as the bombs ripped through it, fire cleaving a line clean through the middle.
      • A thundering, prehistoric steam engine cleaves the crowd, whistle screaming, a velvet column billowing into the dark.
      Synonyms
      plough, drive, bulldoze, cut, carve, make

Origin

Old English clēofan, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch klieven and German klieben.

cleave2

verbklēvkliv
[no object]cleave toliterary
  • 1Stick fast to.

    〈诗/文〉黏着,粘住

    Rose's mouth was dry, her tongue cleaving to the roof of her mouth

    罗斯口干舌燥,舌头黏着上颚。

    Example sentencesExamples
    • The other road, my father's favourite, cleaves to the coast round Torr Head.
    • However applications still cleave to simple two-dimensional metaphors.
    • A spewed file of papers fills up the workspace and cleaves to the surface trying not to buck with every faint gust of breeze.
    • The music just cleaved to the story; it belongs to the images like nothing else I've ever tried to do.
    • The tongue of the suckling infant cleaves to its palate for thirst; young children beg for bread, no one extends it to them.
    Synonyms
    stick to, stick fast to, be stuck to, adhere to, cohere to, be attached to, bond to
    1. 1.1 Adhere strongly to (a particular pursuit or belief)
      忠于,坚持(追求,信仰)
      part of why we cleave to sports is that excellence is so measurable

      我们坚持体育运动的部分原因是优异成绩很容易测评。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • I concluded that I rather regret not having completely cleaved to the letter of the law.
      • Jean Bodin's famous definition of 1576 of the commonwealth was one which the following century could instinctively cleave to.
      • I know for a fact I could stand to be kinder, more generous, fiercer in cleaving to the good, true and beautiful.
      • Nobody gets points for being virtuous and cleaving to fidelity when there are no opportunities to do otherwise.
      • It struck a chord with one of the superstore's workers, who cleaves to anonymity presumably to cleave to her job.
      Synonyms
      adhere to, hold to, cling to, stand by, abide by, be loyal to, be faithful to, remain true to
    2. 1.2 Become very strongly involved with or emotionally attached to (someone)
      专心于;依恋(某人)
      it was his choice to cleave to the Brownings

      他选择忠于布朗宁夫妇。

      Example sentencesExamples
      • For this cause shall a man leave father and mother and shall cleave to his wife, and they twain shall be one flesh.
      • Ruth cleaves to Naomi and returns with her to Bethlehem, while Orpha remains in Moab.
      • She cleaves to whichever man is available and is unable to face the idea of being alone even if the alternative is constant verbal abuse and physical rejection.
      • Only on that basis can the relationship be one in which he genuinely cleaves to her and becomes one with her.
      Synonyms
      adhere to, hold to, cling to, stand by, abide by, be loyal to, be faithful to, remain true to

Origin

Old English cleofian, clifian, clīfan, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch kleven and German kleben, also to clay and climb.

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