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词汇 clientelism
释义

Definition of clientelism in English:

clientelism

(also clientism)
noun ˌkliːɒnˈtɛlɪz(ə)mˌklē-
mass noun
  • A social order which depends on relations of patronage.

    the political culture is steeped in corruption and clientelism
    Example sentencesExamples
    • This was particularly the case because those benefits came wrapped in a discourse of clientelism, rather than a discourse of entitlement.
    • Kin played a major role in such arrangements, they add, finding ‘the social organization of whole families into grids of clientelism.’
    • In addition, clientelism and strong regional variations made formal and informal discrimination almost inevitable and highly difficult to police, even if the will to do so had existed.
    • Internal divisions, conflict, and factionalism tend to reflect the local face of clientelism.
    • These are some the more complex aspects of corruption, related to the conflict of interest, clientelism, nepotism.
    • Political clientelism brought public and private interests together and was a central feature in the consolidation of the modern state.
    • Novel aspects of state society relations such as clientelism and patrimonialism were opened up to inquiry.
    • And you realise very quickly that we don't incentivise people to get involved in our political process because it's all clientelism.
    • Most of our administrative structures have been framed to take account of brokerage and clientelism, posh terms for getting the man you know to fix things.
    • It will be necessary if only to protect the system from the effects of clientelism exercised from abroad and corruption within.
    • Extended kinship relations may create clientelism and protectionism as well as organized crime.
    • For decades, even generations, clientism has driven the relationship between politicians and local authorities, health boards, State agencies and semi-State commercial companies.
    • Our adversarial legal system coupled with political clientism was unable to deal with it.
    • This clientelism threatens the well-being and security of the urban and rural poor and prevents the state from obtaining funds for its developmental and revenue functions.
    • This would be consistent with the idea of armed clientelism.
    • The country still suffers from extensive clientelism, patronage, and corruption in anything the government does.
    • He is currently examining the influence of clientelism on government decision making in democracies.
    • In the context of patrimonial politics and a warlord economy, an important key to understanding child clientism is the ideology of dependency in this cultural region.
    • Had it governed in a more universal, traditionally social democratic fashion, this would have undermined the clientelism on which the party so heavily relied.
    • In other words, such critical theorists perpetuate what he calls ‘institutional clientism.’

Derivatives

  • clientelistic

  • adjective
    • Elections were controlled through a clientelistic system based on the influence of landowners who thus wielded considerable power.
      Example sentencesExamples
      • The two majority parties have a long tradition of populist politics and they are quite prone to create clientelistic relations.
      • When the Republic was proclaimed, they adapted easily to an electoral politics that was decentralised and clientelistic.
      • Fascism thus laid the foundation for the post-war creation of a sectional and clientelistic system of welfare.
      • However, political parties tended to represent sectional interests and operate along clientelistic lines and prone to graft and patronage.

Origin

1970s: from Italian clientelismo 'patronage system'.

Definition of clientelism in US English:

clientelism

(also clientism)
nounˌklē-
  • A social order that depends upon relations of patronage; in particular, a political approach that emphasizes or exploits such relations.

    裙带主义,依持主义(依赖庇护关系,尤指加强、利用此关系的政治手段)

    the political culture is steeped in corruption and clientelism
    Example sentencesExamples
    • This would be consistent with the idea of armed clientelism.
    • And you realise very quickly that we don't incentivise people to get involved in our political process because it's all clientelism.
    • The country still suffers from extensive clientelism, patronage, and corruption in anything the government does.
    • Political clientelism brought public and private interests together and was a central feature in the consolidation of the modern state.
    • Extended kinship relations may create clientelism and protectionism as well as organized crime.
    • This clientelism threatens the well-being and security of the urban and rural poor and prevents the state from obtaining funds for its developmental and revenue functions.
    • For decades, even generations, clientism has driven the relationship between politicians and local authorities, health boards, State agencies and semi-State commercial companies.
    • In other words, such critical theorists perpetuate what he calls ‘institutional clientism.’
    • Most of our administrative structures have been framed to take account of brokerage and clientelism, posh terms for getting the man you know to fix things.
    • Kin played a major role in such arrangements, they add, finding ‘the social organization of whole families into grids of clientelism.’
    • Our adversarial legal system coupled with political clientism was unable to deal with it.
    • It will be necessary if only to protect the system from the effects of clientelism exercised from abroad and corruption within.
    • Had it governed in a more universal, traditionally social democratic fashion, this would have undermined the clientelism on which the party so heavily relied.
    • In addition, clientelism and strong regional variations made formal and informal discrimination almost inevitable and highly difficult to police, even if the will to do so had existed.
    • In the context of patrimonial politics and a warlord economy, an important key to understanding child clientism is the ideology of dependency in this cultural region.
    • He is currently examining the influence of clientelism on government decision making in democracies.
    • This was particularly the case because those benefits came wrapped in a discourse of clientelism, rather than a discourse of entitlement.
    • Internal divisions, conflict, and factionalism tend to reflect the local face of clientelism.
    • Novel aspects of state society relations such as clientelism and patrimonialism were opened up to inquiry.
    • These are some the more complex aspects of corruption, related to the conflict of interest, clientelism, nepotism.

Origin

1970s: from Italian clientelismo ‘patronage system’.

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