Definition of autonomy in English:

autonomy

nounPlural autonomies ɔːˈtɒnəmiɔˈtɑnəmi

mass noun

1The right or condition of self-government.
between the First and Second World Wars, Canada gained greater autonomy from Britain
Example sentencesExamples
- The political dilemma of balancing a competition-focused business with autonomy for nations and regions is obvious.
- It first took up arms in 1949 to demand autonomy from the central government of the time.
- It is demanding autonomy for the rich eastern lowland region where the natural gas reserves are concentrated.
- Peaceful protests were from the beginning dealt with violently, fuelling local sympathies for autonomy or independence.
- A relatively small group of nationalists demand outright independence for the island while others prefer autonomy within the French Republic.
- This allowed for greater autonomy within the boundaries of the Federal Republic.
- Prior to 1917 the Bolsheviks had opposed the concept of federalism, preferring regional autonomy within a unitary state.
- For its part, the government has proposed constitutional changes to give limited autonomy to the north and east.
- A former province of a state is being prepared for substantial autonomy and self-government.
- The central government has said it is prepared to give the province autonomy within a federal system.
- Both parties combine calls for greater regional autonomy with demands for a larger share of tax revenues for themselves.
- It first took up arms in 1949 to demand autonomy from the military government.
- For their part, the latter have signalled their readiness to drop their previous threat to split off from the rest of the country and abandon plans for a referendum on autonomy.
- To optimists among them, at the very least the war seems to offer an opportunity for enhanced autonomy within a federal state.
- Its aim was to suspend the moves towards separation for three months, whilst negotiating greater autonomy within a federal structure.
1. 1.1count noun A self-governing country or region.
  自治国；自治地区
  the national autonomies of the Russian Republic
  Example sentencesExamples
  The aspirations for change were never clear-cut, and from the start they also echoed forms of opposition to absolutism that had very different roots in the defence of older corporate or regional autonomies.
  Similar interests in Europe developed courts, parliaments, financial institutions and urban autonomies, often in violent confrontation with monarchy.
  Their ultimate objective may be securing some form of statehood for them as autonomies or federation components.
  New accommodations for mixed federalisms, regional autonomies, and neo-nationalisms will be equally needed.
  To accelerate the transition we'll promote ‘shadow laws' that protect our autonomies from state or market intrusions and slowly reduce the political centre to nothing but administrative functions.
  City autonomies themselves, at least in the kingdom of Italy, were products of the same process.
  There are also fears that the various newly created autonomies will fight over maritime boundaries and resources such as fish.
  And so Calanthe remained a partial autonomy; half self-governed and half controlled by the fear of the Liberators.
  Metropolitan authorities could no longer tolerate laxity of administration or tacit autonomies.
2. 1.2 Freedom from external control or influence; independence.
  自治；独立
  the courts enjoy a considerable degree of autonomy
  economic autonomy is still a long way off for many women
  Example sentencesExamples
  The biographer would enjoy no autonomy or independence whatsoever.
  Perhaps she was talking about women being self-sufficient, with jobs and resources, freedom and autonomy.
  The government formally granted universities autonomy over academic and financial affairs.
  A major task of adolescence is autonomy, and parental controls tend to fall away rapidly during this period.
  There is a strong association between the principles of autonomy and academic freedom and the idea of a university.
  Patients scheduled to undergo surgical procedures often say that they sense a loss of control and autonomy.
  Instead it demands a considerable degree of autonomy and nurtures individualism.
  I went on to talk about the need for community autonomy from Government intervention.
  Emphasize the patient's autonomy and control over the situation.
  Unlike subjects of experiments or clinical trials, they retain a great deal of personal autonomy as well as control over the research itself.
  We might wish to have individual autonomy and to be independent of the world we find ourselves in, but this is not in any way realistic.
  How can physicians best promote the autonomy of minors while respecting parental autonomy?
  Subsequently, the army enjoyed an increasing amount of autonomy from political control, and even from the military establishment.
  But many women today are choosing not to marry at all, opting for autonomy and to retain control over their own children.
  And do we want to start down that slippery slope to losing control of our hard-won autonomy?
  Respect for personal autonomy and individual human rights was the common thread joining all issues presented at the World Social Forum.
  Personal freedom, individual autonomy and maximum access to information have long been seen as desirable ends in themselves.
  For many faculty members, what is at issue is not the money, but quality control and professional autonomy.
  Agencies operate with a good deal of autonomy, within the overall framework set by the transgovernmental network of interior and justice ministries.
  The French government had planned to give more autonomy to universities, giving them freedom to increase tuition fees as well as opening the doors to big business.
  Even after devolution, local government had little autonomy.
  There is a price to be paid for foreign capital, in terms of loss of national economic autonomy, freedom of decision, and sovereignty.
  Loss of autonomy and control may cause the young child a great deal of anxiety.
  Synonyms
  self-government, independence, self-rule, home rule, sovereignty, self-determination, freedom, autarchy
  self-sufficiency, individualism
2(in Kantian moral philosophy) the capacity of an agent to act in accordance with objective morality rather than under the influence of desires.
（康德道德哲学用语）自律
Example sentencesExamples
- It is therefore consonant with, indeed an expression of, the personal autonomy that morality should protect and nurture.
- Rather than locating human dignity in God or nature, Kant exalted man's autonomy - his ability to make and obey the moral law.
- Immanuel Kant emphasized that morality was inseparable from true autonomy: the autonomous human agent chose to submit himself to the moral law.
- This means that their criterion for resolving doubts, their criterion of private perfection, is autonomy rather than affiliation to a power other than themselves.
- According to this incompatibilist conception of autonomy, autonomy is incompatible with determinism.
- This section began with a question about the relations among Kantian views of autonomy, rationality, and agential separateness.
- Actions that are consistent with the dignity and autonomy of moral agents are intrinsically good.
- All virtue is contained in autonomy, all vice in its absence, and all morality is summarized in the imperatives that guide the will.
- Yes, in Kantian terms, respect for autonomy is closely related to the categorical imperative of treating people as ends and not means.

Derivatives

autonomist

adjective & noun

Both autonomists and reformists also share the idea of an autonomous social movement.
Example sentencesExamples
- Many of the same debates go on, for example, between socialists who stress the role of the organised working class and autonomists who counterpose the actions of small minorities.
- His programme rightly rejects the idea, supported by many activists influenced by Green or autonomist approaches, that the answer is to trade and produce locally.
- I thought it was a very interesting way of thinking about African American autonomist political activism.
- The autonomists hold, essentially, that each individual or group should protest in their own way, without bowing down to any centralised, still less hierarchical, structure.
- Meanwhile the autonomists avoid developing any political or social vision in deference to the spontaneity of the movement.
- A breakaway union with significant support influenced by the politics of the autonomists.
- But it's also going to be a political encounter between different strands of the movement - NGO people, autonomists, environmentalists, the radical left, trade unionists.
- There are important autonomist networks in many countries, but these ideas have a wider take up because of cynicism about the old left.
- The most fully developed version of this theory has been put forward by John Holloway, a British autonomist Marxist based in Mexico, in a book whose name sums up its content: ‘Change the World Without Taking Power’.

Origin

Early 17th century: from Greek autonomia, from autonomos 'having its own laws', from autos 'self' + nomos 'law'.

Rhymes

agronomy, astronomy, bonhomie, Deuteronomy, economy, gastronomy, heteronomy, metonymy, physiognomy, taxonomy

Definition of autonomy in US English:

autonomy

nounôˈtänəmēɔˈtɑnəmi

1The right or condition of self-government.
Tatarstan demanded greater autonomy within the Russian Federation
鞑靼斯坦要求在俄罗斯联邦中享有更高的自治权。
Example sentencesExamples
- The central government has said it is prepared to give the province autonomy within a federal system.
- For its part, the government has proposed constitutional changes to give limited autonomy to the north and east.
- A former province of a state is being prepared for substantial autonomy and self-government.
- For their part, the latter have signalled their readiness to drop their previous threat to split off from the rest of the country and abandon plans for a referendum on autonomy.
- It first took up arms in 1949 to demand autonomy from the military government.
- It first took up arms in 1949 to demand autonomy from the central government of the time.
- Peaceful protests were from the beginning dealt with violently, fuelling local sympathies for autonomy or independence.
- It is demanding autonomy for the rich eastern lowland region where the natural gas reserves are concentrated.
- The political dilemma of balancing a competition-focused business with autonomy for nations and regions is obvious.
- Its aim was to suspend the moves towards separation for three months, whilst negotiating greater autonomy within a federal structure.
- Both parties combine calls for greater regional autonomy with demands for a larger share of tax revenues for themselves.
- To optimists among them, at the very least the war seems to offer an opportunity for enhanced autonomy within a federal state.
- A relatively small group of nationalists demand outright independence for the island while others prefer autonomy within the French Republic.
- Prior to 1917 the Bolsheviks had opposed the concept of federalism, preferring regional autonomy within a unitary state.
- This allowed for greater autonomy within the boundaries of the Federal Republic.
1. 1.1 A self-governing country or region.
  自治国；自治地区
  Example sentencesExamples
  There are also fears that the various newly created autonomies will fight over maritime boundaries and resources such as fish.
  To accelerate the transition we'll promote ‘shadow laws' that protect our autonomies from state or market intrusions and slowly reduce the political centre to nothing but administrative functions.
  Metropolitan authorities could no longer tolerate laxity of administration or tacit autonomies.
  New accommodations for mixed federalisms, regional autonomies, and neo-nationalisms will be equally needed.
  The aspirations for change were never clear-cut, and from the start they also echoed forms of opposition to absolutism that had very different roots in the defence of older corporate or regional autonomies.
  City autonomies themselves, at least in the kingdom of Italy, were products of the same process.
  And so Calanthe remained a partial autonomy; half self-governed and half controlled by the fear of the Liberators.
  Similar interests in Europe developed courts, parliaments, financial institutions and urban autonomies, often in violent confrontation with monarchy.
  Their ultimate objective may be securing some form of statehood for them as autonomies or federation components.
2. 1.2 Freedom from external control or influence; independence.
  自治；独立
  economic autonomy is still a long way off for many women
  Example sentencesExamples
  But many women today are choosing not to marry at all, opting for autonomy and to retain control over their own children.
  There is a price to be paid for foreign capital, in terms of loss of national economic autonomy, freedom of decision, and sovereignty.
  The French government had planned to give more autonomy to universities, giving them freedom to increase tuition fees as well as opening the doors to big business.
  Even after devolution, local government had little autonomy.
  Perhaps she was talking about women being self-sufficient, with jobs and resources, freedom and autonomy.
  Subsequently, the army enjoyed an increasing amount of autonomy from political control, and even from the military establishment.
  The biographer would enjoy no autonomy or independence whatsoever.
  There is a strong association between the principles of autonomy and academic freedom and the idea of a university.
  For many faculty members, what is at issue is not the money, but quality control and professional autonomy.
  The government formally granted universities autonomy over academic and financial affairs.
  Agencies operate with a good deal of autonomy, within the overall framework set by the transgovernmental network of interior and justice ministries.
  A major task of adolescence is autonomy, and parental controls tend to fall away rapidly during this period.
  Respect for personal autonomy and individual human rights was the common thread joining all issues presented at the World Social Forum.
  How can physicians best promote the autonomy of minors while respecting parental autonomy?
  I went on to talk about the need for community autonomy from Government intervention.
  Unlike subjects of experiments or clinical trials, they retain a great deal of personal autonomy as well as control over the research itself.
  And do we want to start down that slippery slope to losing control of our hard-won autonomy?
  Patients scheduled to undergo surgical procedures often say that they sense a loss of control and autonomy.
  Emphasize the patient's autonomy and control over the situation.
  Instead it demands a considerable degree of autonomy and nurtures individualism.
  Personal freedom, individual autonomy and maximum access to information have long been seen as desirable ends in themselves.
  Loss of autonomy and control may cause the young child a great deal of anxiety.
  We might wish to have individual autonomy and to be independent of the world we find ourselves in, but this is not in any way realistic.
  Synonyms
  self-government, independence, self-rule, home rule, sovereignty, self-determination, freedom, autarchy
2(in Kantian moral philosophy) the capacity of an agent to act in accordance with objective morality rather than under the influence of desires.
（康德道德哲学用语）自律
Example sentencesExamples
- Rather than locating human dignity in God or nature, Kant exalted man's autonomy - his ability to make and obey the moral law.
- According to this incompatibilist conception of autonomy, autonomy is incompatible with determinism.
- This section began with a question about the relations among Kantian views of autonomy, rationality, and agential separateness.
- Immanuel Kant emphasized that morality was inseparable from true autonomy: the autonomous human agent chose to submit himself to the moral law.
- Actions that are consistent with the dignity and autonomy of moral agents are intrinsically good.
- Yes, in Kantian terms, respect for autonomy is closely related to the categorical imperative of treating people as ends and not means.
- All virtue is contained in autonomy, all vice in its absence, and all morality is summarized in the imperatives that guide the will.
- It is therefore consonant with, indeed an expression of, the personal autonomy that morality should protect and nurture.
- This means that their criterion for resolving doubts, their criterion of private perfection, is autonomy rather than affiliation to a power other than themselves.

Origin

Early 17th century: from Greek autonomia, from autonomos ‘having its own laws’, from autos ‘self’ + nomos ‘law’.

词汇	autonomy
释义	Definition of autonomy in English: autonomy nounPlural autonomies ɔːˈtɒnəmiɔˈtɑnəmi mass noun 1The right or condition of self-government. between the First and Second World Wars, Canada gained greater autonomy from Britain Example sentencesExamples The political dilemma of balancing a competition-focused business with autonomy for nations and regions is obvious. It first took up arms in 1949 to demand autonomy from the central government of the time. It is demanding autonomy for the rich eastern lowland region where the natural gas reserves are concentrated. Peaceful protests were from the beginning dealt with violently, fuelling local sympathies for autonomy or independence. A relatively small group of nationalists demand outright independence for the island while others prefer autonomy within the French Republic. This allowed for greater autonomy within the boundaries of the Federal Republic. Prior to 1917 the Bolsheviks had opposed the concept of federalism, preferring regional autonomy within a unitary state. For its part, the government has proposed constitutional changes to give limited autonomy to the north and east. A former province of a state is being prepared for substantial autonomy and self-government. The central government has said it is prepared to give the province autonomy within a federal system. Both parties combine calls for greater regional autonomy with demands for a larger share of tax revenues for themselves. It first took up arms in 1949 to demand autonomy from the military government. For their part, the latter have signalled their readiness to drop their previous threat to split off from the rest of the country and abandon plans for a referendum on autonomy. To optimists among them, at the very least the war seems to offer an opportunity for enhanced autonomy within a federal state. Its aim was to suspend the moves towards separation for three months, whilst negotiating greater autonomy within a federal structure. 1.1count noun A self-governing country or region. 自治国；自治地区 the national autonomies of the Russian Republic Example sentencesExamples The aspirations for change were never clear-cut, and from the start they also echoed forms of opposition to absolutism that had very different roots in the defence of older corporate or regional autonomies. Similar interests in Europe developed courts, parliaments, financial institutions and urban autonomies, often in violent confrontation with monarchy. Their ultimate objective may be securing some form of statehood for them as autonomies or federation components. New accommodations for mixed federalisms, regional autonomies, and neo-nationalisms will be equally needed. To accelerate the transition we'll promote ‘shadow laws' that protect our autonomies from state or market intrusions and slowly reduce the political centre to nothing but administrative functions. City autonomies themselves, at least in the kingdom of Italy, were products of the same process. There are also fears that the various newly created autonomies will fight over maritime boundaries and resources such as fish. And so Calanthe remained a partial autonomy; half self-governed and half controlled by the fear of the Liberators. Metropolitan authorities could no longer tolerate laxity of administration or tacit autonomies. 1.2 Freedom from external control or influence; independence. 自治；独立 the courts enjoy a considerable degree of autonomy economic autonomy is still a long way off for many women Example sentencesExamples The biographer would enjoy no autonomy or independence whatsoever. Perhaps she was talking about women being self-sufficient, with jobs and resources, freedom and autonomy. The government formally granted universities autonomy over academic and financial affairs. A major task of adolescence is autonomy, and parental controls tend to fall away rapidly during this period. There is a strong association between the principles of autonomy and academic freedom and the idea of a university. Patients scheduled to undergo surgical procedures often say that they sense a loss of control and autonomy. Instead it demands a considerable degree of autonomy and nurtures individualism. I went on to talk about the need for community autonomy from Government intervention. Emphasize the patient's autonomy and control over the situation. Unlike subjects of experiments or clinical trials, they retain a great deal of personal autonomy as well as control over the research itself. We might wish to have individual autonomy and to be independent of the world we find ourselves in, but this is not in any way realistic. How can physicians best promote the autonomy of minors while respecting parental autonomy? Subsequently, the army enjoyed an increasing amount of autonomy from political control, and even from the military establishment. But many women today are choosing not to marry at all, opting for autonomy and to retain control over their own children. And do we want to start down that slippery slope to losing control of our hard-won autonomy? Respect for personal autonomy and individual human rights was the common thread joining all issues presented at the World Social Forum. Personal freedom, individual autonomy and maximum access to information have long been seen as desirable ends in themselves. For many faculty members, what is at issue is not the money, but quality control and professional autonomy. Agencies operate with a good deal of autonomy, within the overall framework set by the transgovernmental network of interior and justice ministries. The French government had planned to give more autonomy to universities, giving them freedom to increase tuition fees as well as opening the doors to big business. Even after devolution, local government had little autonomy. There is a price to be paid for foreign capital, in terms of loss of national economic autonomy, freedom of decision, and sovereignty. Loss of autonomy and control may cause the young child a great deal of anxiety. Synonyms self-government, independence, self-rule, home rule, sovereignty, self-determination, freedom, autarchy self-sufficiency, individualism 2(in Kantian moral philosophy) the capacity of an agent to act in accordance with objective morality rather than under the influence of desires. （康德道德哲学用语）自律 Example sentencesExamples It is therefore consonant with, indeed an expression of, the personal autonomy that morality should protect and nurture. Rather than locating human dignity in God or nature, Kant exalted man's autonomy - his ability to make and obey the moral law. Immanuel Kant emphasized that morality was inseparable from true autonomy: the autonomous human agent chose to submit himself to the moral law. This means that their criterion for resolving doubts, their criterion of private perfection, is autonomy rather than affiliation to a power other than themselves. According to this incompatibilist conception of autonomy, autonomy is incompatible with determinism. This section began with a question about the relations among Kantian views of autonomy, rationality, and agential separateness. Actions that are consistent with the dignity and autonomy of moral agents are intrinsically good. All virtue is contained in autonomy, all vice in its absence, and all morality is summarized in the imperatives that guide the will. Yes, in Kantian terms, respect for autonomy is closely related to the categorical imperative of treating people as ends and not means. Derivatives autonomist adjective & noun Both autonomists and reformists also share the idea of an autonomous social movement. Example sentencesExamples Many of the same debates go on, for example, between socialists who stress the role of the organised working class and autonomists who counterpose the actions of small minorities. His programme rightly rejects the idea, supported by many activists influenced by Green or autonomist approaches, that the answer is to trade and produce locally. I thought it was a very interesting way of thinking about African American autonomist political activism. The autonomists hold, essentially, that each individual or group should protest in their own way, without bowing down to any centralised, still less hierarchical, structure. Meanwhile the autonomists avoid developing any political or social vision in deference to the spontaneity of the movement. A breakaway union with significant support influenced by the politics of the autonomists. But it's also going to be a political encounter between different strands of the movement - NGO people, autonomists, environmentalists, the radical left, trade unionists. There are important autonomist networks in many countries, but these ideas have a wider take up because of cynicism about the old left. The most fully developed version of this theory has been put forward by John Holloway, a British autonomist Marxist based in Mexico, in a book whose name sums up its content: ‘Change the World Without Taking Power’. Origin Early 17th century: from Greek autonomia, from autonomos 'having its own laws', from autos 'self' + nomos 'law'. Rhymes agronomy, astronomy, bonhomie, Deuteronomy, economy, gastronomy, heteronomy, metonymy, physiognomy, taxonomy Definition of autonomy in US English: autonomy nounôˈtänəmēɔˈtɑnəmi 1The right or condition of self-government. Tatarstan demanded greater autonomy within the Russian Federation 鞑靼斯坦要求在俄罗斯联邦中享有更高的自治权。 Example sentencesExamples The central government has said it is prepared to give the province autonomy within a federal system. For its part, the government has proposed constitutional changes to give limited autonomy to the north and east. A former province of a state is being prepared for substantial autonomy and self-government. For their part, the latter have signalled their readiness to drop their previous threat to split off from the rest of the country and abandon plans for a referendum on autonomy. It first took up arms in 1949 to demand autonomy from the military government. It first took up arms in 1949 to demand autonomy from the central government of the time. Peaceful protests were from the beginning dealt with violently, fuelling local sympathies for autonomy or independence. It is demanding autonomy for the rich eastern lowland region where the natural gas reserves are concentrated. The political dilemma of balancing a competition-focused business with autonomy for nations and regions is obvious. Its aim was to suspend the moves towards separation for three months, whilst negotiating greater autonomy within a federal structure. Both parties combine calls for greater regional autonomy with demands for a larger share of tax revenues for themselves. To optimists among them, at the very least the war seems to offer an opportunity for enhanced autonomy within a federal state. A relatively small group of nationalists demand outright independence for the island while others prefer autonomy within the French Republic. Prior to 1917 the Bolsheviks had opposed the concept of federalism, preferring regional autonomy within a unitary state. This allowed for greater autonomy within the boundaries of the Federal Republic. 1.1 A self-governing country or region. 自治国；自治地区 Example sentencesExamples There are also fears that the various newly created autonomies will fight over maritime boundaries and resources such as fish. To accelerate the transition we'll promote ‘shadow laws' that protect our autonomies from state or market intrusions and slowly reduce the political centre to nothing but administrative functions. Metropolitan authorities could no longer tolerate laxity of administration or tacit autonomies. New accommodations for mixed federalisms, regional autonomies, and neo-nationalisms will be equally needed. The aspirations for change were never clear-cut, and from the start they also echoed forms of opposition to absolutism that had very different roots in the defence of older corporate or regional autonomies. City autonomies themselves, at least in the kingdom of Italy, were products of the same process. And so Calanthe remained a partial autonomy; half self-governed and half controlled by the fear of the Liberators. Similar interests in Europe developed courts, parliaments, financial institutions and urban autonomies, often in violent confrontation with monarchy. Their ultimate objective may be securing some form of statehood for them as autonomies or federation components. 1.2 Freedom from external control or influence; independence. 自治；独立 economic autonomy is still a long way off for many women Example sentencesExamples But many women today are choosing not to marry at all, opting for autonomy and to retain control over their own children. There is a price to be paid for foreign capital, in terms of loss of national economic autonomy, freedom of decision, and sovereignty. The French government had planned to give more autonomy to universities, giving them freedom to increase tuition fees as well as opening the doors to big business. Even after devolution, local government had little autonomy. Perhaps she was talking about women being self-sufficient, with jobs and resources, freedom and autonomy. Subsequently, the army enjoyed an increasing amount of autonomy from political control, and even from the military establishment. The biographer would enjoy no autonomy or independence whatsoever. There is a strong association between the principles of autonomy and academic freedom and the idea of a university. For many faculty members, what is at issue is not the money, but quality control and professional autonomy. The government formally granted universities autonomy over academic and financial affairs. Agencies operate with a good deal of autonomy, within the overall framework set by the transgovernmental network of interior and justice ministries. A major task of adolescence is autonomy, and parental controls tend to fall away rapidly during this period. Respect for personal autonomy and individual human rights was the common thread joining all issues presented at the World Social Forum. How can physicians best promote the autonomy of minors while respecting parental autonomy? I went on to talk about the need for community autonomy from Government intervention. Unlike subjects of experiments or clinical trials, they retain a great deal of personal autonomy as well as control over the research itself. And do we want to start down that slippery slope to losing control of our hard-won autonomy? Patients scheduled to undergo surgical procedures often say that they sense a loss of control and autonomy. Emphasize the patient's autonomy and control over the situation. Instead it demands a considerable degree of autonomy and nurtures individualism. Personal freedom, individual autonomy and maximum access to information have long been seen as desirable ends in themselves. Loss of autonomy and control may cause the young child a great deal of anxiety. We might wish to have individual autonomy and to be independent of the world we find ourselves in, but this is not in any way realistic. Synonyms self-government, independence, self-rule, home rule, sovereignty, self-determination, freedom, autarchy 2(in Kantian moral philosophy) the capacity of an agent to act in accordance with objective morality rather than under the influence of desires. （康德道德哲学用语）自律 Example sentencesExamples Rather than locating human dignity in God or nature, Kant exalted man's autonomy - his ability to make and obey the moral law. According to this incompatibilist conception of autonomy, autonomy is incompatible with determinism. This section began with a question about the relations among Kantian views of autonomy, rationality, and agential separateness. Immanuel Kant emphasized that morality was inseparable from true autonomy: the autonomous human agent chose to submit himself to the moral law. Actions that are consistent with the dignity and autonomy of moral agents are intrinsically good. Yes, in Kantian terms, respect for autonomy is closely related to the categorical imperative of treating people as ends and not means. All virtue is contained in autonomy, all vice in its absence, and all morality is summarized in the imperatives that guide the will. It is therefore consonant with, indeed an expression of, the personal autonomy that morality should protect and nurture. This means that their criterion for resolving doubts, their criterion of private perfection, is autonomy rather than affiliation to a power other than themselves. Origin Early 17th century: from Greek autonomia, from autonomos ‘having its own laws’, from autos ‘self’ + nomos ‘law’.
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