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词汇 orthogenesis
释义

Definition of orthogenesis in English:

orthogenesis

noun ˌɔːθə(ʊ)ˈdʒɛnɪsɪsˌɔrθoʊˈdʒɛnəsəs
mass nounBiology historical
  • Evolution in which variations follow a particular direction and are not merely sporadic and fortuitous.

    〔生〕〈主史〉直向进化,定向进化

    Example sentencesExamples
    • Weidenreich tried to explain the seeming contradiction between isolated regional development and the unity of the human species by advancing the notion of orthogenesis, or directed evolution.
    • A once-popular hypothesized evolutionary mechanism was orthogenesis, in which change in organisms was due not to natural selection, but to internal directional trends within a lineage.
    • Mutation bias is not enough to produce orthogenesis, however.
    • The data is inconsistent with orthogenesis, and somehow thinks that because he can draw a line from an extant animal to its many-times-great grandparents, he has supported directed evolution.
    • In contrast, other scientists imagine channeling, aka orthogenesis, to exist not only for individuals but also for species and for evolution: while there are lots of possibilities, the domain is restricted.

Derivatives

  • orthogenesist

  • noun
    Biology historical
    • And a person who believes in evolution might be a devout Lamarckian or a pious Orthogenesist.
  • orthogenetic

  • adjective ˌɔːθə(ʊ)dʒəˈnɛtɪkˌɔrθoʊdʒəˈnɛdɪk
    Biology historical
    • His major work focused on his orthogenetic developmental theory.
      Example sentencesExamples
      • Basically, Newell rejected the common view according to which allometry implies nonadaptive, or orthogenetic evolution.
      • The fuel in his orthogenetic engine is ‘mutation bias’. Mutation produces novel phenotypes, but it does not produce all novel phenotypes in equal frequency in a given population.
      • Most American biologists had a looser expectation - that some progressive, or ‘orthogenetic’, force guided life in certain directions, most notably toward humanity and Anglo-American civilization.
      • Evolutionary discussions after the publication of the six editions of the Origin and the later works took many shapes, and raised several different lines of inquiry including neo-Lamarckianism and orthogenetic theory.
  • orthogenetically

  • adverb ˌɔːθə(ʊ)dʒɪˈnɛtɪk(ə)li
    Biology historical
    • These three groups evolved orthogenetically and remained very similar.

Definition of orthogenesis in US English:

orthogenesis

nounˌɔrθoʊˈdʒɛnəsəsˌôrTHōˈjenəsəs
Biology historical
  • A theory that variations in evolution follow a particular direction and are not merely sporadic and fortuitous.

    〔生〕〈主史〉直向进化,定向进化

    Example sentencesExamples
    • Weidenreich tried to explain the seeming contradiction between isolated regional development and the unity of the human species by advancing the notion of orthogenesis, or directed evolution.
    • Mutation bias is not enough to produce orthogenesis, however.
    • In contrast, other scientists imagine channeling, aka orthogenesis, to exist not only for individuals but also for species and for evolution: while there are lots of possibilities, the domain is restricted.
    • A once-popular hypothesized evolutionary mechanism was orthogenesis, in which change in organisms was due not to natural selection, but to internal directional trends within a lineage.
    • The data is inconsistent with orthogenesis, and somehow thinks that because he can draw a line from an extant animal to its many-times-great grandparents, he has supported directed evolution.
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