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词汇 proteolysis
释义

Definition of proteolysis in English:

proteolysis

noun ˌprəʊtɪˈɒlɪsɪsˌproʊdiˈɑləsəs
mass nounBiochemistry
  • The breakdown of proteins or peptides into amino acids by the action of enzymes.

    〔生化〕蛋白酶解,蛋白水解(作用),蛋白分解

    Example sentencesExamples
    • However, most proteolysis takes place in the duodenum as a consequence of enzyme activities secreted by the pancreas.
    • A protein resistant to heat and proteolysis that inhibits serine proteases was isolated from wheat leaf apoplasts.
    • Chapter 5 focuses on the catabolism of proteoglycans, detailing mainly proteolysis and the host of proteases involved.
    • As a cheese ages, fats and proteins break down through proteolysis, into simplified units via bacterial or fungal actions.
    • Constitutive proteolysis, however, is the main source of free amino acids used for de novo protein synthesis.

Derivatives

  • proteolytic

  • adjective ˌprəʊtiːəˈlɪtɪkˌproʊdiəˈlɪdɪk
    Biochemistry
    • Fibrinogen and its proteolytic cleavage product, fibrin, are critical plasma proteins with multiple functions in blood clotting.
      Example sentencesExamples
      • With age and any degenerative condition, serum levels of proteolytic enzymes are at a much lower concentration.
      • The biochemical degradation of proteins through hydrolysis of peptide bonds is caused by the action of proteolytic enzymes or proteases.
      • Similar proteinases catalyse the proteolytic processing of these proteins and contribute to their complete breakdown during germination and seedling growth.
      • Most notably, there are the proteolytic enzymes trypsin and chymotrypsin, which our bodies make.
  • proteolytically

  • adverbˌprəʊtiːəˈlɪtɪk(ə)li
    Biochemistry
    • The existence of these insoluble and proteolytically resistant deposits can seriously interfere with normal organ function.
      Example sentencesExamples
      • All 3 proteins are proteolytically regulated by sterols.
      • Fibrin degradation means that thrombin must have been present to form fibrin and plasmin was present to proteolytically digest it.
      • The proteolytically modified actins were used within 1 day.
      • We therefore developed proteogest, a program that generates basic descriptive statistics for both the intact and proteolytically processed proteome.

Origin

Late 19th century: modern Latin, from protein + -lysis.

Definition of proteolysis in US English:

proteolysis

nounˌprōdēˈäləsəsˌproʊdiˈɑləsəs
Biochemistry
  • The breakdown of proteins or peptides into amino acids by the action of enzymes.

    〔生化〕蛋白酶解,蛋白水解(作用),蛋白分解

    Example sentencesExamples
    • Constitutive proteolysis, however, is the main source of free amino acids used for de novo protein synthesis.
    • However, most proteolysis takes place in the duodenum as a consequence of enzyme activities secreted by the pancreas.
    • Chapter 5 focuses on the catabolism of proteoglycans, detailing mainly proteolysis and the host of proteases involved.
    • A protein resistant to heat and proteolysis that inhibits serine proteases was isolated from wheat leaf apoplasts.
    • As a cheese ages, fats and proteins break down through proteolysis, into simplified units via bacterial or fungal actions.

Origin

Late 19th century: modern Latin, from protein + -lysis.

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